Impuzamugambi
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| Part of a series on the |
| Rwandan genocide |
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| Hutu militants |
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| Rwandan genocide (1994) |
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| Refugee crisis |
|
RDR (1995–1996) |
| 1st and 2nd Congo War |
The Impuzamugambi[a] (Kinyarwanda: [imhûːzɑmuɡɑmbi], "those with the same goal")[1][2] was a Hutu militia in Rwanda formed in 1992. Together with the Interahamwe militia, which formed earlier and had more members, the Impuzamugambi was responsible for many of the deaths of Tutsis and moderate Hutus during the Rwandan genocide of 1994.[3]
While the Interahamwe was led by prominent figures in the ruling party, the
Coalition for the Defense of the Republic (Coalition pour la Défense de la République, CDR) and recruited its members from the youth wing of the CDR.[4]
The CDR was a separate Hutu party which cooperated with the MRND, though it had a significantly more extreme ethnically Pro-Hutu and Anti-Tutsi agenda than the MRND. The smaller Impuzamugambi was less organized than the Interahamwe, but it was responsible for a large portion of genocidal deaths.
Like the Interahamwe, the Impuzamugambi was trained and equipped by the
Democratic Republic of Congo
.
Under the leadership of the CDR,
Jean Bosco Barayagwiza were greatly responsible for commanding the Impuzamugambi. Both were found guilty in 2003 by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda of planning and leading the genocide, incitement of genocide, and crimes against humanity.[6] They were both sentenced to life imprisonment. The sentence against Barayagwiza was later reduced to 35 years due to a partial violation of due process
. After deducting time already served, he would have stayed in prison for at least 27 years but later died.
See also
Notes
- ^ sometimes Impuza Mugambi.
References
- ^ "Kinyarwanda dictionary—Inpuzamugambi". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 Jan 2016.
- ISBN 978-0-7735-3856-6.
- ^ Scherrer, Christian P. (1998). Ongoing crisis in Central Africa: revolution in Congo and disorder in the Great Lakes region: conflict impact assessment and policy options. Institute for Research on Ethnicity and Conflict Resolution. p. 328.
- ^ Prunier 1999, p. 165.
- ^ Prunier 1999, p. 243.
- ^ The Prosecutor v. Ferdinand Nahimana, Jean-Bosco Barayagwiza, Hassan Ngeze (Judgement and Sentence), ICTR-99-52-T, pg. 7, Nr. 2.7, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), 3 December 2003, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/404468bc2.html Archived 11 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine [accessed 21 March 2013]
Cited works
- ISBN 978-9970-02-089-8. Archivedfrom the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2016.