Inocybaceae

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Inocybaceae
Inocybe lanuginosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Inocybaceae
Jülich (1981)
Type genus
Inocybe
(Fr.) Fr. (1863)
Genera

Auritella
Inocybe
Inosperma
Mallocybe
Nothocybe
Pseudosperma
Tubariomyces

The Inocybaceae are a

temperate areas.[4]

Taxonomy

The type genus of the Inocybaceae, Inocybe, was originally described by Fries in 1821, as a 'tribe' within a broad mushroom genus, Agaricus.[1] In 1863, Fries elevated Inocybe to generic rank.[1]

Inocybe, had traditionally been placed within the family

RPB2 and nLSU-rDNA regions from a variety of Inocybe and related taxa would support Jülich's recognition of Inocybe at the family level.[10] In their Dictionary of the Fungi, Kirk et al. (2008)[11] did not distinguish between Inocybaceae and Crepidotaceae, but rather merged them into one family they called Inocybaceae. The literature has since then split up the classification given by Kirk et al. (2008)[11] not only into Inocybaceae and Crepidotaceae, but also Tubariaceae[12][13][14] and Chromocyphellaceae.[15]

Inocybaceae has only become an independent family somewhat recently. The family is now split into 7 different clades, all recognized with generic rank: Auritella, Inocybe sensu stricto, Inosperma, Mallocybe, Nothocybe, Pseudosperma, and Tubariomyces[16]. It is estimated that Inocybe (the largest genus within Inocybaceae) contains ca. 1050 species; Pseudosperma with ca. 70 species; Mallocybe with more than 55 species; Inosperma containing 70+ known species; and Auritella, Nothocybe, and Tubariomyces containing an unknown number of species, but estimated to be in rather small numbers.[16]

In a 2019 molecular study, Matheny and colleagues used six gene phylogenetic analyses to determine relationships within the family. They recovered Nothocybe as sister to Inocybe, while members of Inocybe section Rimosae formed a lineage that diverged from the ancestor of the preceding two, and hence reclassified it as a genus Pseudosperma. Another branch gives rise to four lineages - the genus Auritella, what was Inocybe subgenus Mallocybe (now Mallocybe[17]), Tubariomyces, and Inosperma (previously Inocybe subgenus Inosperma).[18]

Distribution

The Inocybaceae are widespread in north temperate regions, but also found in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere. Members of this family have also been encountered in Africa, Australia, the neotropics, New Zealand, the north temperate zone, the paleotropics, Southeast Asia, South America, and the south temperate zone.[19]

Ecology

Members of Inocybaceae are

calcareous soils and notes that this trait is well conserved.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Matheny, P. Brandon (2009). "A phylogenetic classification of the Inocybaceae" (PDF). McIlvainea. 18 (1): 11–21 – via mycopedia.ch.
  2. ^
    PMID 20170738
    .
  3. PMID 18282272
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5
    .
  5. ISBN 978-3-87429-254-2
    .
  6. ISBN 978-0-85199-377-5
    .
  7. ^ Jülich W. (1982). Higher taxa of Basidiomycetes. Bibliotheca Mycologia 85. Cramer, Vaduz. 485 pp.
  8. PMID 12118409
    .
  9. PMID 12099793
    .
  10. PMID 15737578
    .
  11. ^
    ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8
    .
  12. ^ Vizzini A (2008). "Novitates. Tubariaceae fam. nov". Rivista di Micologia. 51: 174.
  13. PMID 17486974.[permanent dead link
    ]
  14. S2CID 53694501
    .
  15. S2CID 84495351
    .
  16. ^
    ISSN 1589-1623
    .
  17. S2CID 256277591
    .
  18. ^
    S2CID 209407151
    .
  19. S2CID 85164367
    .
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