Istrian scale

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Istrian scale
Kvarner
Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale
CountryCroatia
Reference00231
RegionEurope and North America
Inscription history
Inscription2009 (4th session)
ListRepresentative
Sopilas: small/thin/high and great/fat/low (Playⓘ)
Istrian scale in Schubert's Symphony No. 8 in B minor (1922), 1st mvt., bars 13–20 (Playⓘ); flat fifth marked with asterisk[1]

"Istrian scale" refers both to a "unique"

Kvarner which use that scale.[3] It is named for the Istrian peninsula. Istrian folk music is based on a distinctive six-tone musical scale (the so-called Istrian scale), and the peninsula's two-part, slightly nasal singing. The two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale, a traditional singing practice characteristic of the Istrian region and the north Adriatic coastal area and islands, was inscribed in UNESCO's List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009.[4]

Genres include kanat and tarankanje; techniques include

Croatian music
.

Description

Non-

Phrygian cadence (in E: F and D moving to E).[6]

Sopilas

Though, "relative intonation var[ies] considerably from example to example [and between instruments],"

subharmonics seven to fourteen (approximately D, E, F, G♭, A♭, B♭, C, D')(Play with one voiceⓘ and and with two voicesⓘ).[7]

In

Bartók took note of the scale.[7] Karol Pahor's cycle of 15 pieces, Istrijanka (1950), was the result of study of the Istrian mode, as was Danilo Švara's Sinfonia da camera in modo istriano (1957).[9] The Istrian mode occurs in Josip Štolcer-Slavenski's Balkanofonija (1927).[10]

Throughout the areas of Istria and the Kvarner Gulf the distinctive vocal singing has spread, consisting of alternating half and whole steps, which, particularly in older singers' and instrumentalists' renditions, are untempered. The songs are sung by pairs of singers (male, female, or mixed) in a characteristic two-part polyphony in minor thirds (or major sixths) with a cadence to a unison or an octave. Singers distinguish the higher (na tanko "thin") part from the lower (na debelo "fat").[11]

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-816647-4
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 9781841624457
    .
  3. ^ a b "Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale", UNESCO.org.
  4. ISBN 9781443862561. Cites: [1]
    .
  5. ^ a b Marušić, Dario. "Reception of Istrian Musical Traditions", Musicology 7/2007 (VII) ("Reception of Istrian Musical Traditions", doiSerbia).
  6. ^ a b Žganec, Vinko; Sremec, Nada, eds. (1951). Hrvatske narodne pjesme i plesovi. Vol. 1. Zagreb: Seljačka sloga. p. 228.
  7. ^
    ISBN 9781855841703. Described by Kathleen Schlesinger on the Greek aulos
  8. ^ (2001). Muzikološki zbornik: Musicological annual, Volumes 37–39, p.86. [full citation needed]
  9. ISBN 9780911009118
    .
  10. ISBN 9789004250383
    .
  11. ISBN 9781351544269
    .

Further reading

  • Bezić, Jerko. "Yugoslavia, Folk Music: Croatia", New Grove Dictionary 2:594.

External links
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