Ivan Bahrianyi
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Ivan Bahrianyi | |
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Born | Ivan Pavlovych Lozoviaha 2 October 1906 Kuzemyn, Kharkiv Governorate, Russian Empire |
Died | 25 August 1963 Neu-Ulm, Bavaria, West Germany | (aged 56)
Occupation | writer, translator |
Language | Ukrainian |
Nationality | Ukrainian |
Genre | prose |
Ivan Bahrianyi (
.Biography
Early years
Ivan Bahrianyi was born in the village of Kuzemyn,
"I was just a little 10-year-old boy when the Bolsheviks invaded my consciousness with a bloody nightmare, acting as executioners of my people, it was 1920. I was living with my grandfather in the countryside, at an apiary. My grandfather was 92 years old and a one-armed cripple. One day, in the evening, some armed men came, speaking a foreign language, and in front of my eyes and the eyes of my other grandchildren, under our frantic screams, they killed him and his son (my uncle). They tortured my grandfather because he was a wealthy Ukrainian peasant (he had 40 acres of land) and was against the "commune," and my uncle because he was a soldier in the national liberation struggle in 1917-18. For fighting for the freedom and independence of his people," Bahrianyi would later write in his pamphlet, Why I Don't Want to Return to the USSR.[1]
In 1922, a period of work and active social and political life began: he was deputy chief of a sugar mill, then a district political inspector at the Okhtyr police, and a drawing teacher in a colony for the homeless and orphans. At that time he visited
During the Civil War and in the early 1920s, he was involved in Soviet social and political work, but in 1925 he left Komsomol. In 1926, he began to publish poetry in newspapers and journals, and in 1927, his first collection of poetry appeared. In 1929 he published a collection of poems, "Ave Maria", which was almost immediately forbidden by censorship and removed from the book trade. Bahrianyi was a member of the Kyiv Association of young writers, MARS (an abbreviation for Shop of Revolutionary Word) where he met such writers as Valerian Pidmohylny, Yevhen Pluzhnyk, Borys Antonenko-Davydovych, Hryhory Kosynka, Teodosiy Osmachko, and others who were criticized and repressed by official Soviet authorities. In 1930, a historical novel "Skelka" was published in verse. It tells of the uprising in the village of Skelka in the eighteenth century against the arbitrariness of the Moscow monks of the monastery, near the village. The peasants burned down the monastery, protesting against national oppression.
Arrest and detention
On April 16, 1932, Ivan Bahrianyi was arrested in Kharkiv for "counter-revolutionary propaganda" he allegedly spread in his poems. He spent 11 months in a separate cell (solitary confinement) in
The exact date he returned home is unknown, but on June 16, 1938, he was re-arrested and placed in Kharkiv NKVD
War years
Okhtyrka was swept up in World War II. He joined the Ukrainian national underground organization and later relocated to Galicia. He worked in the OUN propaganda sector, writing patriotic songs and articles, as well as drawing cartoons and propaganda posters. He also helped to construct the Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council (USLC) and wrote its policy texts. Simultaneously, he resumed his literary activities. Bahrianyi published his novel Zvirolovi (Eng. Tiger Trappers in English as "The Hunters and the Hunted") and poem Huliaipole in 1944.
Before Hitler's army was defeated in 1945, Ivan Bahrianyi moved to Germany via OUN.
Emigration
After the end of the war, on behalf of ex-
Works
Stories
- story Etude (Ukrainian: Етюд) (1921)
Novellas / Tales
- novella Defeat (1948)
- The Fiery Circle (Neu Ulm, 1953)
Novels
- novel in verse "Skelka" (Ukrainian: Скелька) (Kharkiv, 1929)
- novel Zvirolovy (eng. Trappers) (Lviv-Kraków, 1944) / novel Tyhrolovy (eng. Tiger trappers, published in English as "The Hunters and the Hunted") (Neu Ulm, 1946)
- novel Sad Hetsymanskyi (Ukrainian: Сад Гетсиманський) (eng. Garden of Gethsemane) (Neu Ulm, 1950)
- Marusia Bohuslavka - the first book of the novel Wild Wind (Munich, 1957)
- A Man Runs Over an Abyss (published posthumously, Neu Ulm - New York, 1965)
Poems
- poem Mongolia (Ukrainian: Монголія) (1927)
- poem Ave, Maria (Kharkiv, 1928)
- poem Huliaipole (Ukrainian: Гуляй-Поле)
- poem for children The Phone (1956)
- collection of poems In the Sweat of the Forehead (Ukrainian: В поті чола) (1929, was prohibited for publication by censorship)
- collection of poems The Golden Boomerang (Ukrainian: Золотий бумеранґ) (1946)
Playwrights
- Lilac (Ukrainian: Бузок)
- The General (Ukrainian: Генерал) (1947)
- Morituri (Ukrainian: Морітурі) (1947)
Articles
- pamphlet Why I am not going back to the Soviet Union?
Unknown
- Mother tongue
- Shots in the taiga
Family
Ivan Bahrianyi was married twice; his first wife was Antonina Zosimova, and they had two children: a son Boris, and a daughter Natasha. In exile, he married again to Halyna Tryhub (born in Ternopil). They also had two children: son Nestor and daughter Roksolana.
Awards and honours
In 1992, Ivan Bahrianyi posthumously received the national Shevchenko Prize (Ukrainian: Шевченківська премія) for his novels Tyhrolovy and Sad Hetsymanskyi.[1]
On July 13, 2023,