János Damjanich
János Damjanich | |
---|---|
Native name | Јован Дамјанић |
Born | Staza, Croatian Military Frontier, Austrian Empire | 8 December 1804
Died | 6 October 1849 Arad, Kingdom of Hungary | (aged 44)
Allegiance |
|
Service/ | Army |
Years of service | –1849 |
Rank | general |
Commands held |
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Hungarian Revolt of 1848 |
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János Damjanich (
Early life
Damjanich was born in Serbian family in Staza
Military career
Damjanich entered the army as an officer in the 61st regiment, and on the outbreak of the
His ability and valour at the battles of
He was elected deputy for Szolnok to the
The engagements of Hort and Hatvan, along with the bloody Isaszeg turned Damjanich into a national hero. At the ensuing review at Gödöllő, Lajos Kossuth expressed the sentiments of the whole nation when he doffed his hat as Damjanich's battalions passed by. Damjanich uncompromisingly supported the views of Kossuth, and was appointed commander of one of the three divisions which, under Görgey, liberated Vác in April 1849. His fame reached its height when, on April 19, he won the Battle of Nagysalló, which led to the relief of the fortress of Komárom.[5]
At this juncture Damjanich broke his leg, an accident which prevented him from taking part in field operations at the most critical period of the war, when the Hungarians had to abandon the capital for the second time. He recovered sufficiently, however, to accept the post of commandant of the fortress of Arad.[5]
After the
Controversy
Damjanich is a controversial historical figure. Hungarians consider Damjanich a national hero who led the Hungarian revolutionary army against the Habsburg Monarchy, while Serbs consider him a national traitor, who despite the fact that he was ethnic Serb by origin, fought on the Hungarian side against his own people, i.e. against the Vojvodinian Serb army that was on the side of the Habsburgs during the revolution. Therefore, the Serbs gave him a nickname "ljuta guja, srpski izdajica" ("furious snake, Serbian traitor"). The following quote is accredited to him,
"Serbs shouldn't exist; I won't be still until the last Serb on this earth is dead and once that is done, I shall kill myself."[7][8][9]
Other sources say that Damjanich was actually proud of his Serb origin.[10]
References
- ^ Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950, 168. old.
- ^ Ignjatović, Jakov (1953). Rapsodije. Matica Srpska. p. 206.
- ISBN 9788639100476.
- ^ Povesnica slobodne kraljeve varoši Vršca: sv. Novo doba (1848-1886). B. Jovanović. 1886. p. 27.
...Новембра 1. потпуковник Јован Дамјанић прими команду над вршачким логором. Он је довео са собом 3 компаније 3. хонведског батаљона и 370 народних гардиста на коњима заједно са 2 топа. Овом војском и још са 450 ...
- ^ a b c d e f public domain: Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Damjanich, János". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 789. This cites Ödön Hamvay, Life of János Damjanich (Hung.), (Budapest, 1904). One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ISBN 9788639100476.
- ISBN 9788680051505.
... је омраза према својим сународницима и браћи била толика, да је у једној при- лици изјавио како ће убијати Србе док и последњег не буде убио, а онда ће убити и себе, јер ниједан Србин не треба да живи на кугли земаљској.
- ISBN 9788617136152.
Пуковник Јован Дамјанић, за кога је Игњато- вић говорио да је у револуцији 1848-1849. "Србима код Мађара образ осветлао", био је врло суров према Србима. Дамјанићу се приписује да је изговорио речи: "Да могу да искореним ...
- ISBN 978-86-6397-037-3.
Među pogubljenima je bio i mađarski nacionalni junak, pomađareni Srbin Jovan Janoš Damjanić, koji je još početkom 1848. govorio: "Da mogu da iskorenim Race, pa da sebe, kao poslednjeg Raca ubijem!"
- ^ Krestić, Vasilije (1983). Srbi i Mađari u revoluciji 1848-1849. godine. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. p. 150.