Jelcz M11

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Jelcz M11
Overview
ManufacturerJelczańskie Zakłady Samochodowe
Production1989–1992
Assembly Poland, Jelcz-Laskowice
Body and chassis
ClassCommercial vehicle
Body stylestep entrance rigid full-size bus
RelatedIkarus 260
Powertrain
EngineRaba-MAN D2156HM6U
TransmissionCsepel ASH75.2
Dimensions
Wheelbase5.4 m
Length11.000 m
Width2.5 m
Height3.08 m
Chronology
SuccessorJelcz 120M

Jelcz M11 is a Polish

city bus manufactured by Jelczańskie Zakłady Samochodowe in Jelcz-Laskowice near Oława. It was manufactured from 1985 until 1990. It was a hybrid, made from the modified body chassis of Jelcz PR110 and frame and drivetrain of Ikarus 260
.

History

Genesis

MPK Lublin Jelcz M11 in Lublin, Poland in 2009

In the beginning of the 1970s, the

Berliet PR100, Italian FIAT 420A, British-Danish Leyland Lidrt 12/4 Worldmaster, Spaniard Pegaso 5023, Japanese Hino RC620 and Czechoslovak Karosa SM11 took part in the trials.[2] Berliet PR110 was the most successful among all of the tested vehicles.[3] From the very beginning this model was considered a temporary solution because of different transportation needs back then. PR110's original design was later modified by adding a third set of doors. New Jelcz PR110 was a 12-meter long bus with three sets of doors in a standard model.[4] Approximately 50% of parts used to assemble Jelcz PR110 were imported directly from France.[5]

The economical depression that struck Poland in 1980s resulted in

126p and Star trucks.[8] According to the agreement, between 1986 and 1990, Hungarian People's Republic was obliged to deliver approximately 1500 complete chassis equipped with engines and gearboxes. Even then, the official statement was that Jelcz M11 (initially named Jelcz M110) was a temporary solution and its production will end once the all new Jelcz M120, is introduced.[5] Many reliability issues that M11 was known for accelerated the introduction of the M120 model.[7]

Production

New Jelcz M11 bus was based on Csepel chassis plate with the engine. Body was taken after little modification from Jelcz PR110. First prototype was made in 1983. During tests in

Jelcz 043. In 1990 production of M11 has been finished; about 2600 buses had been produced.[9]

Exploitation

KM Głogów Jelcz M11 rear in Głogów, Poland in June 2005

Jelcz M11's were placed to all city transport operators (every except Warsaw) from country distribution. To the Warsaw Jelcz M11's went in 90. years, where they were being mainly exploitated by private operators.[10]

Modernization

In 1994 there have been created plans to adjust city buses to the needs of people with physical disabilities. For this purpose, expertise has been done, which concluded that the buses Jelcz M11, as well as based on the same floor plate Ikarus 260s/280s, are not suitable for fitting elevators. Where as building folding ramps was excluded because of too high floor plate. Because of this conception of building new buses have been created, even though partly low-floor, instead try to modernise current buses like western companies.[11]

Construction

During the 6-year production period there were no important changes in the model.

Undercarriage

Ikarus 260

Jelcz M11's were equipped with Hungarian chassis Csepel 260.88.[7] The same chassis plates were being used in Ikarus 260 buses. The vehicles were characterized by high flat floor.[5] Chassis plate was the reason of most defects of Jelcz M11 but it allowed the exchange of engine parts between Jelcz M11 and Ikarus 260s and 280s.[7]

Drivetrain

The bus was powered by six-cylinder in-line diesel engine RABA-MAN D2156HM6U of a capacity 10350 cm³ and maximum power of 193

HP. The drive unit allowed achieve a maximum speed of 82 km/h. It was lower value than in Ikarus 260, Jelcz was supposed to be – contrary to the Hungarian bus – typical urban vehicle.[5] Engine was located horizontally in the middle part of floor plate.[7]

Power was transferred by 5-speed

manual gearbox typu Csepel ASH 75.2. From the gearbox the power of engine was transferred by the driveshaft (Gewes production). Driveshaft drove the rear axle of the company Raba. In the bus was used rear axle RABA 118, newer than in Ikarus 260.[5]

References

  1. ISBN 978-83-920757-4-5
    .
  2. ISBN 978-83-206-1741-2
    .
  3. ^ Supel, Łukasz. "Ocalić od zapomnienia – francuski Jelcz – InfoBus" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
  4. ISBN 978-83-920757-4-5
    .
  5. ^
    ISSN 0209-0333
    .
  6. ^ Ikarus 280s
  7. ^
    ISSN 0209-0333
    .
  8. ^ Supel, Łukasz. "Ocalić od zapomnienia: Trudny początek lat 80. w Jelczu – InfoBus" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
  9. ISBN 978-83-920757-4-5
    .
  10. ^ "Socjalistyczna Autobusowa Kooperacja (Jelcz M11) opuściła Warszawę – InfoBus" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 25 August 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  11. ^ Kaczmarski, Kondrad; Zagajny, Radosław. "Autobusy dostosowane dla niepełnosprawnych". Transport Miejski. 9/94.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jelcz_M11&oldid=1216793151"