Jozef Miaczinsky
Joseph Miaczinski or Józef Miączyński (1743/1751-1793) was a
Life
Count Miaczinsky was born in
- In 1764, Catherine the Great placed Stanislaus Poniatowski, her former lover, on the Polish throne. In 1768, she formally became the protector of the political rights of dissidents and peasants of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which provoked an anti-Russian uprising in Poland, the Bar Confederation (1768–1772), supported by France. After the rebels, their French and European volunteers, and their allied Ottoman Empire had been defeated, she established in the Commonwealth a system of government fully controlled by the Russian Empire through a Permanent Council, under the supervision of her Ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland (1763–1794).[2]
In the early 1770s, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was in a particularly challenging situation, threatened by its neighbors on all sides, particularly Imperial Russia, Kingdom of Prussia and Austria.[3] In an attempt to retain independence against the superior military might of the three great powers, some Poles joined together (in Podolia) to form the Bar Confederation.[3]
In 1768, he became the military leader of the army of the Bar Confederation and was made a marshal of
- The Baron de Vioménilsucceeded him with whom Miaczinski stayed in contact.
When his father and brother died, he sold his possessions in Poland (to Prince Józef Poniatowski) and in November 1779 he moved to Versailles. In 1780 Miaczinsky married Maria Francesca Chaboteau in the church of Saint-Eustache, Paris. The couple lived in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés and had two sons.[7] In 1783 he had large (old) debts, funding a cavalry, infantry, and artillery in Poland. Miaczinsky was imprisoned and escaped to Bavaria? His uncle in Chernihiv and Vergennes helped him out. In 1784, he received a pension from the King. In 1788 he was still in exile?
In July 1792, he was appointed by Dumouriez as
Lille
In March Dumouriez refused to obey a decree to make his way to Paris. A body of four commissioners was sent to Lille to question and arrest him.[9][10] On 1 April 1793, Dumouriez asked Miaczinsky to arrest the four commissionaires, sent by the National Convention.[1] On 2 April, Dumouriez sent him to Orchies and he had lunch with Saint-Georges and Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, then to Lille with 100 men cavalry to search for General Blaise Duval, to arrest the other commissioners/deputies and save the "treasure" (the bonds).[1][11] The city of Lille was successfully defended by Saint-Georges against Miaczinsky.[12][13] Miaczinsky was allowed to enter the city but his troops were forced to camp outside the walls.[14] He was arrested on the evening of 2 April and accompanied to Paris on 11 April. Shortly thereafter, his wife and sons were arrested.
On 6 May, Miaczinsky was heard by the
In 1800, his widow received an
See also
References
- ^ a b c Gazette nationale ou le Moniteur universel, 22 mai 1793
- ^ Anderson, Catherine the Great pp.134–35, 316–20.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ JOZEF MYACHINSKY 1743-07-21 – 1793-05-22
- ^ WIEM Encyklopedia
- ^ Dumouriez Band I, p. 170
- ^ Maria Francesca Chaboteau (ID: lu.16447)
- ^ La vie et les mémoires du général Dumouriez, p. 149, 157–159
- ^ https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k496505/f2.item/f1n304.pdf?download=1, p. 129
- ^ Thompson, J.M. (1929) Leaders of the French Revolution, p. 215
- ^ La Gazette, 2 avril 1895
- ^ Le Républicain français, 5 avril 1793; Mercure français, 13 avril 1793
- ^ H. Wallon (1880–1882) Histoire du tribunal révolutionnaire de Paris: avec le journal de ses actes, p. 101-103
- ^ Nouvelles politiques, nationales et étrangères, 6 avril 1793
- ^ Thermomètre du jour, 8 mai 1793
- ^ Histoire Parlementaire de la Révolution française, ou Journal des ..., Band 27 by Philippe Buchez, p. 104-111
- ^ Banat (2006), p. 390-394