Julius Ochs Adler
Julius Ochs Adler | |
---|---|
Battles/wars | World War I |
Awards | Distinguished Service Cross Silver Star (2) Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal Purple Heart |
Spouse(s) | Barbara Stettheimer |
Children | Barbara A. Katzander Nancy J. Adler Julius Ochs Adler, Jr. |
Relations | Adolph Ochs (uncle) |
Julius Ochs Adler (December 3, 1892 – October 3, 1955) was an American
Following the War, he returned to his civilian job as
Early career and World War I
Julius O. Adler was born on December 3, 1892, in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the son of Harry Clay Adler and Ada Ochs. He graduated from Baylor University School in Chattanooga in 1908 and then entered the Lawrenceville School in Lawrenceville, New Jersey, which he completed in summer 1910. Adler was then admitted to the Princeton University from which he graduated with Bachelor of Arts degree in June 1914. Upon his graduation, he joined the staff of The New York Times.[1]
His first military experience came in 1915, when he entered the Citizens' Military Training Camp, the first businessmen's training camp at Plattsburgh, New York. Adler participated regularly in the summer military trainings at the Governors Island and was commissioned second lieutenant in the Cavalry on April 7, 1917, the day after the American entry into World War I. He was called up to active service shortly thereafter and rose to the rank of captain by the end of August 1917.[2][1]
Adler was transferred to the
On October 14, 1918, during the Meuse–Argonne offensive, Adler accompanied by fellow officer supervised the work of clearing the enemy from Saint-Juvin in the Ardennes department in northern France. They suddenly came upon a party of the enemy numbering 150 Germans. Adler, armed only with his pistol, opened the fire on the enemy and ran toward the party, calling on them to surrender. His bravery and good marksmanship resulted in the capture of 50 Germans, and the remainder fled. For this act of valor, Adler was decorated with Distinguished Service Cross, the second highest decorations of the United States military for valor in combat.[4]
He was also decorated with two Silver Stars citation for bravery and received Purple Heart for wounds received by combat gas. The Allies bestowed him Legion of Honour, French Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with Palm and Italian War Merit Cross. The State of New York decorated him with New York Meritorious Service Medal.[4][1]
Interwar period
Adler returned stateside in April 1919 and reverted to the inactive status on May 10, 1919. He retain his reserve commission in the 306th Infantry Regiment and returned to his job with The New York Times. He become treasurer and vice-president of The New York Times and following the death of his uncle, Adolph Ochs, in April 1935, he was appointed General Manager of The Times. Adler was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1923 and to colonel in 1930 in the Army Reserve. He assumed command of 306th Infantry Regiment in the Army Reserves in December 1924 and held it until his reactivation in October 1940.[1]
Meanwhile in April 1932, Adler was appointed civilian aide to the Secretary of War,
Adler participated in the pre-World War II defense program and in May 1940, he was appointed Head of the committee of representatives from New York, New Jersey and Delaware, which was responsible for the direction of the registration of 7,200 youths for the Citizens' Military Training Camps. Adler also urged Secretary of the Navy, Frank Knox, with the adoption of compulsory military training.[1]
World War II
Adler was reactivated at his own request in October 1940 and appointed commanding officer of the 113th Infantry Regiment, 44th Division, at Fort Dix, New Jersey. After several months with that regiment, he was promoted to the temporary rank of Brigadier general on July 15, 1941 and assumed duty as Assistant Division Commander, 6th Infantry Division under Major general Franklin C. Sibert.[1][5]
He participated in the desert training in
Unfortunately his illness was so serious, Adler was declared unfit for active duty and reverted to an inactive status on November 17, 1944. At least his service with 6th Infantry Division on New Guinea was recognized with Legion of Merit.[2][1][5]
Postwar career
Adler returned to his job with
Following the activation of
Adler was the president and publisher of The Chattanooga Times, and general manager of The New York Times until his death on October 3, 1955.[6] He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[7][1]
Personal life
Adler married to Barbara Stettheimer in 1922. They had two daughters, Barbara A. Katzander and Nancy J. Adler, and a son, Julius Ochs Adler, Jr.[8]
Adler was a Freemason. He was a member of Justice Lodge No 753 of the 6th Manhattan Masonic District in New York City. [9]
Decorations
Here is Major general Adler's ribbon bar:[4][10]
1st Row | Distinguished Service Cross | Silver Star | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2nd Row | Legion of Merit | Bronze Star Medal | Purple Heart | World War I Victory Medal with three battle clasps | ||||||||||||
3rd Row | American Defense Service Medal | American Campaign Medal | Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal with two 3/16 inch service stars |
World War II Victory Medal
| ||||||||||||
4th Row | Chevalier of the Legion of Honour (France) | French Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with Palm | Croce al Merito di Guerra (Italy) | New York Meritorious Service Medal |
Distinguished Service Cross citation
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Major (Infantry) Julius O. Adler, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism in action while serving with 306th Infantry Regiment, 77th Division, A.E.F., at St. Juvin, France, 14 October 1918. Accompanied by another officer, Major Adler was supervising the work of clearing the enemy from St. Juvin where they suddenly came upon a party of the enemy numbering 150. Firing on the enemy with his pistol, Major Adler ran toward the party, calling on them to surrender. His bravery and good marksmanship resulted in the capture of 50 Germans, and the remainder fled.[4]
Legion of Merit citation
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, 20 July 1942, takes pleasure in presenting the Legion of Merit to Brigadier General Julius Ochs Adler, United States Army, for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services to the Government of the United States as Assistant Commanding General, 6th Infantry Division, from September 1941 to September 1943 and from January to June 1944. [4]
Publications
- History of the Seventy-Seventh Division, August 25th, 1917 – November 11th, 1918 (1919) (ed.)
- History of the 306th Infantry (1935) (ed.)
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Jones, Charles V. (1948). Current biography yearbook 1948 – Who's News and Why. New York City: H.W. Wilson. p. 8. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
- ^ a b c "Officers of the US Army 1939–1945 (A)". unithistories.com. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
- ^ "Company H, 306th Infantry". longwood.k12.ny.us. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Valor awards for Julius O. Adler". valor.militarytimes.com. Militarytimes Websites. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ a b c "Biography of Major-General Julius Ochs Adler (1892–1955), USA". generals.dk. generals.dk Websites. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ "Obituary : Julius Ochs Adler, Jr". New York Times. August 23, 2003. Retrieved January 13, 2009.
- ^ "Burial Detail: Adler, Julius O. (Section 2, Grave 4957-A)". ANC Explorer. Arlington National Cemetery.
- ^ "Jewish Women's Archive : Barbara Ochs Adler". jwa.org. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
- ^ Denslow, William R. 10,000 Famous Freemasons, Vol. I, A–D.
- ^ Armstrong, Zella: The History of Hamilton County and Chattanooga, Tennessee, p. 215
External links
- Julius Ochs Adler papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library.
- Julius Ochs Adler at ArlingtonCemetery.net, an unofficial website
- Generals of World War II
- United States Army Officers 1939−1945