Jurbarkas
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Jurbarkas | |
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City | |
UTC+3 (EEST ) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Memel.Jurbarkas.jpg/220px-Memel.Jurbarkas.jpg)
Jurbarkas (
Etymology
The name Jurbarkas is derived from the Ordensburg castle, Georgenburg, built in the 13th century.
Jurbarkas has also been known by many derivate spellings in various languages throughout its history. The most notable non-Lithuanian names for the city include: in
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jurbarkas_coats_of_arms_in_1792.jpg/215px-Jurbarkas_coats_of_arms_in_1792.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jurbarko_baznycia_ziema.jpg/215px-Jurbarko_baznycia_ziema.jpg)
Although Jurbarkas is said to have been a seat of Lithuanian princes from the
The castle of Georgenburg was destroyed by the
In 1795 Jurbarkas was annexed by the
Soviet occupants deported 78 residents of Jurbarkas in 1941–51. During the years of Lithuanian anti-Soviet partisan resistance (1944–1953) in Jurbarkas and neighbouring districts Lithuanian Laisvės gynėjų rinktinė (The Freedom Defenders Squad), belonging to partisans' Kęstutis military district was active.
Jewish community
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Jurborg.jpg/220px-Jurborg.jpg)
Jurbarkas was for centuries a multi-ethnic community. During the 17th century some of the town's Jewish population were employed as tax collectors for the Lithuanian government. By 1714 Jubarkas had 2,333 Jews. By 1790 the town had a Jewish cemetery and a
Many of the town's citizens left during World War I, although some returned. It became part of Raseiniai County in the independent Lithuania created after the war. The population decreased from 7,391 in 1897 to 4,409 in 1923. The Jewish population decreased over the same period from 2,350 to 1,887, though that represented an increase from 32% to 43%. A government census in Jurbarkas in 1931 indicated that Jews owned 69 of 75 business and 18 of 19 light industries.
The
Few of Jurbarkas Jewish citizens survived World War II. Of those that did, some remained in Vilnius or Kaunas after the War, while most emigrated to Palestine, the US, Canada, Mexico, South Africa, Germany, or other nations – in some cases joining family and friends who had left Lithuania before the War.[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Jurbarkas_kauno_gatve.jpg/220px-Jurbarkas_kauno_gatve.jpg)
Famous residents
- Vincas Grybas (1890–1941), sculptor
- military pilot during World War II, air reconnaissancespecialist.
- Maciej Stryjkowski (ca. 1547 – ca. 1593), Polish-Lithuanian historian, writer and poet
- William Zorach (1887–1966), Jewish sculptor
- Antanas Šabaniauskas (1903–1987), Lithuania’s leading pop tenor.
Twin towns – sister cities
Crailsheim, Germany
Criuleni, Moldova
Hajnówka, Poland
Laakdal, Belgium
Lichtenberg (Berlin), Germany
Ryn, Poland
References
- ^ "GYVENTOJAI GYVENAMOSIOSE VIETOVĖSE". Osp.stat.gov.lt. Archived from the original (XLSX) on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ "Karšuva". Istorijatau.lt (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 7 December 2020.
- ^ "Jurbarkas, Lithuania (Pages 466-479)". Jewishgen.org. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "Tarptautinis bendradarbiavimas". Jurbarkas.lt (in Lithuanian). Jurbarko rajono savivaldybė. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
- Joel Alpert. The Memorial Book for the Jewish Community of Yurburg, Lithuania - Translation and Update. Lightning Source UK Ltd, ISBN 0-9741262-0-9)
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)