Lampshade spider
Appearance
Lampshade spiders | |
---|---|
Hypochilus pococki in web | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
Family: | Hypochilidae Marx, 1888 |
Genera | |
Diversity | |
2 genera, 33 species | |
Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of
book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous.[1] These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus Hypochilus. The genus Ectatosticta is found in China
.
In one analysis, the Hypochilidae are a sister clade to the Neocribellatae, which contains all other spider species in the Araneomorphae (Coddington & Levi, 1991, p. 576). A more recent study groups them with the Haplogynae.[2]
Species
Ectatosticta Simon, 1892 – China
- Ectatosticta davidi (Simon, 1889)
- Ectatosticta deltshevi Platnick & Jäger, 2009
- Ectatosticta baima Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta baixiang Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta bajie Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta dapeng Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta davidi (Simon, 1889) – China
- Ectatosticta deltshevi Platnick & Jäger, 2009 – China
- Ectatosticta furax Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta helii Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta menyuanensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta pingwuensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta puxian Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta qingshi Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta rulai Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta shaseng Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta shennongjiaensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta songpanensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta wenshu Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta wukong Lin & Li, 2020 – China
- Ectatosticta xuanzang Lin & Li, 2020 – China
- Ectatosticta yukuni Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta zhouzhiensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
Hypochilus Marx, 1888 – US
- Hypochilus bernardino Catley, 1994 – USA
- Hypochilus bonneti Gertsch, 1964 – USA
- Hypochilus coylei Platnick, 1987 – USA
- Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman, 1963 – USA
- Hypochilus jemez Catley, 1994 – USA
- Hypochilus kastoni Platnick, 1987 – USA
- Hypochilus petrunkevitchi Gertsch, 1958 – USA
- Hypochilus pococki Platnick, 1987 – USA
- Hypochilus sheari Platnick, 1987 – USA
- Hypochilus thorelli Marx, 1888 (type) – USA
- Hypochilus xomote (Hedin & Ciaccio, 2022) – USA
See also
- List of Hypochilidae species
- Spider families
References
- ^ Spiders--webs, Behavior, and Evolution
- PMID 25042592. |p. 1766.
- Coddington, J.A.; Levi, H.W. (1991). "Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)". Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 565–592. .
- OCLC 681432632.
Further reading
- Forster, R.R., Platnick, N.I. and Gray, M.R. (1987). A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the AMNH 185(1):1-116 Abstract - PDF (50Mb)
- Shear, W.A. (1969). "Observations on the predatory behavior of the spider Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman (Hypochilidae)". .
External links
Wikispecies has information related to Hypochilidae.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hypochilidae.