Lampsilis higginsii

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Lampsilis higginsii
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Unionida
Family: Unionidae
Genus: Lampsilis
Species:
L. higginsii
Binomial name
Lampsilis higginsii
(Lea, 1857)
Synonyms[3]

Unio higginsii Lea, 1857

Lampsilis higginsii is a rare species of

freshwater mussel known as Higgins' eye pearly mussel or simply Higgins' eye.[3] It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs in the upper Mississippi River and the drainages of some of its tributaries. It is threatened by the introduced zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Lampsilis higginsii is a federally listed endangered species
.

Description

This

iridescent.[6]

Conservation

The historical range of this species stretched along 850 kilometers (about 520 miles) of the Mississippi River from

locks. Sedimentation may also have negatively affected the mussel.[7] Overfishing may have reduced the population, as well.[4]

Today the worst threat to the species is the invasive species invasion of the zebra mussel.[4] Zebra mussels attach to the shells of this and other native mussels, deforming them, preventing them from moving, and preventing their filter feeding. The zebra mussels can use up all the food in the vicinity and deplete the oxygen, and may also consume the native mussels' larvae and sperm, preventing reproduction. Deposits of waste products degrade the habitat.[7] Other invasive species include the Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), which competes with the native mussel and consumes its sperm, larvae, and juveniles. Some introduced species of fish may eat juvenile mussels.[7]

This mussel has been propagated in captivity and released into appropriate habitat in areas where it has been extirpated.[4]

Biology

During breeding, the male releases sperm and the female siphons it and keeps the fertilized eggs in her gills until they hatch. The

yellow perch (Perca flavescens).[5]

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T11237A3264984.en
    . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ a b "ITIS Standard Report Page: Lampsilis higginsii". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d Lampsilis higginsii. The Nature Conservancy.
  5. ^ a b c d e Miller, A. C. and B. S. Payne. (2007). A re-examination of the endangered Higgins eye pearlymussel Lampsilis higginsii in the upper Mississippi River, USA. Endanger Species Res 3 229-37.
  6. ^ Lampsilis higginsii. Illinois Natural History Survey.
  7. ^ a b c USFWS. Lampsilis higginsii Five-year Review. May 2006.
  8. ^ USFWS. Lampsilis higginsii Life History.
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