Llyn Celyn
Llyn Celyn | |
---|---|
Location | Wales |
Coordinates | 52°57′0″N 3°41′38″W / 52.95000°N 3.69389°W |
Type | Reservoir |
Basin countries | United Kingdom |
Max. length | 2.5 mi (4.0 km) |
Max. depth | 140 ft (43 m) |
Llyn Celyn (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬɨ̞n ˈkɛlɨ̞n]) is a reservoir constructed between 1960 and 1965 including the highly controversial Tryweryn flooding in the valley of the River Tryweryn in Gwynedd, Wales. This included the forcible removal of the Capel Celyn village residents despite protest and opposition of Welsh MPs.
It measures roughly 2.5 miles (4.0 km) long by 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, and has a maximum depth of 140 ft (43 m). It has the capacity to hold 71,200,000 cubic metres (93,100,000 cu yd) of water.[1]
It was originally to be named Llyn Tryweryn Mawr (meaning "great Tryweryn lake"), but in September 1964
Construction and opposition
Construction of the reservoir for Liverpool Corporation Waterworks involved flooding the village of Capel Celyn and adjacent farmland, a deeply controversial move. Much of the opposition was brought about because the village was a stronghold of Welsh culture and the Welsh language, whilst the reservoir was being built to supply water to Liverpool and parts of the Wirral peninsula in England, rather than Wales.[citation needed]
Liverpool Corporation's
The official opening was held on 28 October 1965. Representatives came from Liverpool City Council, and invitations were sent to all those with family links to the valley. In view of the anticipated protest, there was a strong police presence. The ceremony lasted less than three minutes, as protesters had cut the microphone wires, and the chants of the hundreds of protesters made the speeches inaudible.[5]
In October 2005, Liverpool City Council issued a public apology, which read:[6]
The Council acknowledges its debt to the many thousands of Welsh people who have made their homes in the City. They have, in so many ways, enriched the life of the City.
We know that Liverpool, especially in the fields of medicine and education, has been of real service to the people of Wales.
We realise the hurt of forty years ago when the Tryweryn Valley was transformed into a reservoir to help meet the water needs of Liverpool.
For any insensitivity by our predecessor Council at that time, we apologise and hope that the historic and sound relationship between Liverpool and Wales can be completely restored.
Operation of reservoir
The reservoir was built to help maintain the flow in the
The reservoir is contained behind a rock gravity dam and, at its upper end, it is bounded between Arenig Fawr and Arenig Fach, two of the mountains of south Snowdonia.
Water is released from the reservoir into the
Its four turbines are owned and run by
Diversions and closures of transport links
The building of the reservoir also contributed to the final closure of the
See also
References
- ^ National Library of Wales page, "Celyn lake held a capacity of 71,200 mega litres of water, the biggest dam in Wales" Archived 27 October 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 978-1-900437-92-9
- ^ Thomas, Wyn. "Tryweryn – the drowning of a village". BBC News. iWonder. Archived from the original on 25 October 2015.
- ^ Addley, Esther (7 August 2019). "Welsh graffiti wall to get charity protection following vandalism". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
- ^ Crump, Eryl (20 October 2015). "Tryweryn: Jeers cause the reservoir's opening ceremony to be cut short". The Welsh Daily Post.
- ^ "Official apology over Tryweryn". BBC News. 19 October 2005.
- ^ "Company Information | Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water". Archived from the original on 6 January 2012.
- ^ http://www.penmorfa.com/Conwy/six.htm penmorfa.com
External links
- Abandoned communities ..... Llyn Celyn
- Drowning of Tryweryn, 1965 Archived 2 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine Clip from 1969 BBC factual programme The Sixties with archive footage.