Lord Henry Percy
Lord Henry Percy | |
---|---|
Rebellions of 1837
Crimean War
Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Légion d'Honneur (France) Order of the Medjidie (Ottoman Empire) | |
Alma mater | Eton College |
Relations | George Percy, 5th Duke of Northumberland (father) |
Other work | Member of Parliament |
Background
Henry Percy, fourth child and third son of George Percy, Lord Lovaine (later 2nd Earl of Beverley) by Louisa Harcourt Stuart-Wortley, third daughter of James Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, was born at Burwood House, Cobham, Surrey, on 22 August 1817. He was educated at Eton. He was styled Lord Henry Percy from 1865 after his father became 5th Duke of Northumberland at the age of 86. A collection of his papers is held at Alnwick Castle, the seat of the Duke of Northumberland.
Military career and Crimean War
He entered the
For his valour at the Battle of Inkerman on 5 November 1854 he was awarded the Victoria Cross with the following citation:
At a moment when the Guards were some distance from the Sandbag Battery at the Battle of Inkerman Colonel Percy charged singly into the Battery, followed immediately by the Guards; the embrasures of the battery, as also the parapet, were held by the Russians who kept up a most severe fire of musketry. At the Battle of Inkerman, Colonel Percy found himself with many men of various regiments who had charged too far, nearly surrounded by the Russians, and without ammunition. Colonel Percy, by his knowledge of the ground, although wounded, extricated these men, and, passing under a heavy fire from the Russians then in the Sandbag Battery, brought them safe to where ammunition was to be obtained, thereby saving some 50 men and enabling them to renew the combat. He received the approval of His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge for this action on the spot. Colonel Percy was engaged with and put hors de combat, a Russian soldier.[1]
The subalterns in the company which Lieutenant-Colonel Percy commanded at Inkerman were Henry Neville and Sir James Fergusson, Bt. Neville was killed and Fergusson was wounded. Percy himself suffered during the action a black eye, gashes to the face and severe contusion on the back of the head. Forty-four members of his company were killed or wounded in the battle.
On Boxing Day 1854, Percy was taken ill with dysentery and Crimean Fever. He was therefore evacuated to the General Hospital, Scutari the following month. He survived the very high death rates which were prevalent in the hospitals of Scutari that winter and by mid February 1855 was well enough to be invalided back to England. He returned voluntarily to the Crimea in May and rejoined his regiment in the trenches before Sebastopol.
He was promoted to full colonel in the summer of 1855, and then held the local rank of
After leaving the British-Italian Legion, Colonel Percy was asked by
Colonel Percy was an accomplished linguist and Turkophile, so in January 1856, after the armistice in the Crimea but before the signing of the
Relations with the royal family
From 29 June 1855 he was an aide-de-camp to the Queen – a post he held until 10 February 1865. He was gazetted for the Victoria Cross (VC) on 5 May 1857. As the most senior officer in the British Army to be awarded the VC during the Crimean War, Percy was on the occasion of the first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London, on 26 June 1857 tasked with commanding the 62 recipients who had the decoration pinned to their breasts by Queen Victoria that day.[5]
In the summer of 1861, as commanding officer at
Later military career
On the occurrence of the Trent Affair in December 1861, Percy was sent to New Brunswick in command of the first battalion of the Grenadier Guards. He had been promoted to be major in 1860, but retired from active service on 3 October 1862 owing to the chronic ill health he had suffered ever since the Crimean War. However, he remained on half-pay and briefly commanded a brigade at Aldershot – the place to which he and another Grenadier officer, Col. F. W. Hamilton, had first brought the army in 1853 when they selected Aldershot Heath and its surrounding area as a new training ground.[7]
In 1870, during the
On 24 May 1873 he was gazetted a
Politics
He succeeded his brother, Lord Lovaine, as Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Northumberland North from 1865 to 1868.
He was found dead in his bed at his residence, 40
References
- ^ "No. 21997". The London Gazette. 5 May 1857. p. 1578.
- ISBN 0-7735-0273-4.
- ISBN 1-84415-309-6.
- ^ Hamilton, Lieut-Gen Sir F.W. (1874), The Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards. London, John Murray
- ISBN 1-84415-309-6.
- ^ Ridley, Jane (2012). Bertie: A Life of Edward VII. London, Chatto & Windus
- ^ Hamilton, Lieut-Gen Sir F.W. (1874), The Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards. London, John Murray.
- ISBN 1-84415-309-6.
- ^ The Morning Post, 5 December 1877
Further reading
- Barthorp, Michael (1991), Heroes of the Crimea: The Battles of Balaclava and Inkerman. London, Blandford Press.
- Bayley, C. C. (1977), Mercenaries for the Crimea. Montreal and London, McGill-Queen's University Press.
- Hamilton, Lieut-Gen Sir F.W. (1874), The Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards. London, John Murray.
- Higginson, General Sir George (1916), Seventy-One Years of a Guardsman's Life. London, Smith, Elder & Co.
- Mercer, Patrick (1998), 'Give them a Volley and Charge!' Inkerman 1854. Staplehurst, Spellmount.
- Neville, the Hon. Henry & the Hon Grey, (1870), Letters written from Turkey and the Crimea, 1854. Privately printed, since republished in paperback.
- Percy, Algernon (2005), A Bearskin's Crimea: Colonel Henry Percy VC and his Brother Officers. Barnsley, Leo Cooper.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Percy, Henry Hugh Manvers". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.