Louis Guttman
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Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | October 25, 1987 Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. | (aged 71)
Scientific career | |
Fields | Social statistics |
Institutions | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman (February 10, 1916 – October 25, 1987; Hebrew: לואיס (אליהו) גוטמן) was an American sociologist and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, known primarily for his work in social statistics.[1]
Biography
Guttman was born in New York City on February 10, 1916 and grew up in the Jewish community of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Guttman received both his BA in 1936 and MA in 1939 at the University of Minnesota, and his PhD in Social and Psychological Measurement in 1942.
From 1941 to 1947 Guttman was professor of sociology at Cornell University, while as part of the World War II effort, he also served as an Expert Consultant to the US Army's Research Branch. In 1947 Guttman and his wife Ruth emigrated to Palestine.
He founded and was the scientific director of the Israel Institute of Applied Social Research, later renamed the Guttman Institute before finally becoming the
He was member of the
- 1974 Regents of the University of Minnesota - Outstanding Achievement Award
- 1978 social sciences[3]
- 1984 Educational Testing Service Measurement Award from Princeton University.
Guttman died on October 25, 1987, while on sabbatical in Minneapolis.
Work
Guttman research interests were in the fields of
His earlier work in scaling analysis produced what has become to be known as the Guttman scale.[5] Later, searching for a more flexible scaling scheme, Guttman explored Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA) and applied it in empirical studies. Notably, Guttman first proved several fundamental theorems in matrix algebra, as discussed in papers by Hubert, Meulman and Heiser (2000)[6] and Takane and Yanai (2005). Several of Guttman's contributions, such as Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), have been incorporated into computer packages.
Guttman was described[by whom?] as a brilliant innovator who "saw theory in method and method in theory", was "informed by high sophistication in mathematics, statistics, sociology and psychology", and one who "made a major contribution to democratic policy-making in the new state" and "was concerned with the 'well-being' of individuals, groups and society".[7][verification needed]
Publications
Guttman published in numerous journals and books, including over 300 pages in Psychometrika. Many of his papers are still quoted in the scientific literature as being relevant and important to current statistical and mathematical advances.
His innovative methodological work on attitudes was published in the 4th volume of Studies in Social Psychology in World War II (more popularly called The American Soldier series, after the title of the first two volumes).
References
- ISBN 0-471-16381-3.
- ^ "Israel Prize Official Site - Recipients in 1978 (in Hebrew)". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16.
- ISBN 0-471-23883-X.
- ^ Stouffer, S.A., Guttman, L., Suchman, E.A., Lazarsfeld, P.F., Star, S.A., Clausen, J.A. (1950) Measurement and Prediction Princeton University Press
- ISBN 978-0898714784.)
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ (from a posthumous award ceremony by the World Association of Public Opinion Research, 1988)
Further reading
- Lingoes, James C.; Tucker, Ledyard R.; Shye, Samuel (June 1988). "Louis E. Guttman (1916–1987)". Psychometrika. 53 (2): 153–159. hdl:2027.42/45742.
- Shye, Samuel (March 1988). "Louis Guttman 1916-1987". Applied Psychological Measurement. 12 (1): 1–4. .