House of Luxembourg

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(Redirected from
Luxembourg dynasty
)
This article is about a Medieval royal dynasty. For the earlier ducal family of Lotharingia, see
Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg
.
House of Luxembourg
Maison de Luxembourg
Croatia
  • Count/Duke of Luxembourg
    • Others
    Distinctions
    Luxembourg-Brienne

    (extinct in 1648)

    The House of Luxembourg (

    Croatia. Their rule was twice interrupted by the rival House of Wittelsbach. The family takes its name from its ancestral county of Luxembourg
    which they continued to hold.

    History

    As shown below, this royal Luxembourg dynasty were not male-line descendants of the original counts of

    Count Henry "the blind", was count of Namur through his father, and count of Luxembourg through his mother, who was also named Ermesinde. This elder Ermesinde was a member of the original House of Luxembourg, which was a branch of the House of Ardenne
    , and had ruled Luxembourg since the late 10th century.

    There were two other houses descended from the women of the counts of Luxembourg as shown in the family tree in the

    Henry of Limburg-Arlon (see below), son of Conrad's aunt Ermesinde and Count Godfrey I of Namur
    . The Counts of Loon are also in position to claim the inheritance Luxembourg, albeit weaker position.

    Holy Roman Empire under Charles IV
      Habsburg
      Luxembourg
      Wittelsbach

    Henry V's grandson Henry VII, Count of Luxembourg upon the death of his father Henry VI at the 1288 Battle of Worringen, was elected Rex Romanorum in 1308. The election was necessary after the Habsburg king Albert I of Germany had been murdered, and Henry, backed and orchestrated by his brother Archbishop-Elector Baldwin of Trier, prevailed against Charles, Count of Valois.

    Henry arranged the marriage of his son

    Elisabeth of Bohemia in 1310, through whom the House of Luxembourg acquired the Kingdom of Bohemia, enabling that family to compete more effectively for power with the Habsburg and Wittelsbach dynasties. One year after being crowned Holy Roman Emperor
    at Rome, Henry VII, still on campaign in Italy, died in 1313.

    The prince-electors, perturbed by the rise of the Luxembourgs, disregarded the claims raised by Henry's heir King John, and the rule over the Empire was assumed by the Wittelsbach duke Louis of Bavaria. John instead concentrated on securing his rule in Bohemia and gradually vassalized the Piast dukes of adjacent Silesia from 1327 until 1335. His son Charles IV acceded to the Imperial throne in 1346. His Golden Bull of 1356 served as a constitution of the Empire for centuries. Charles not only acquired the duchies of Brabant and Limburg in the west, but also the former March of Lusatia and even the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1373 under the Kingdom of Bohemia.

    The family's decline began under Charles' son King

    Rupert. In 1410 rule was assumed by Wenceslaus' brother Sigismund, who once again stabilized the rule of the Luxembourgs and even contributed to end the Western Schism in 1417; however, with his death in 1437, the senior branch of the dynasty became extinct. He was succeeded by his son-in-law, the Habsburg archduke Albert V of Austria. The Habsburgs finally prevailed as Luxembourg heirs, ruling the Empire until the extinction of their senior branch upon the death of Maria Theresa
    in 1780.

    Notable members

    Emperor Charles IV

    Genealogy

    See also:
    German monarchs' family tree


    House of Limburg–Arlon

    Having succeeded to the county of Luxemburg, the younger branch of the House of Limburg-Arlon is the family that succeeded in getting one of its scions elected Holy Roman Emperor. From there descended the Kings of Bohemia, several other Emperors and a King of Hungary as shown below.

    House of Luxemburg
    Henry V
    Count of Luxembourg
    (1217 †1281)
    Waleran I
    (1252 † 1288)

    Lord of Ligny
    Waleran II
    (1275 † 1354)

    Lord of Ligny
    John I
    (1300 † 1364)

    Lord of Ligny
    Count of Saint-Pol
    John
    (1370 † 1397)

    Lord of Beauvoir
    Count of Brienne
    John II
    (1392 † 1441)

    Count of Ligny
    John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
    2m. Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers
    ,
    one daughter was
    Edward IV of England
    from here descends the Houses of
    Tudor, Stuart,
    and the Royal Family of the United Kingdom

    Earlier Luxembourg counts

    Main article: House of Ardenne–Luxembourg

    The royal House of Luxemburg are named after their ancestors in the Luxembourg branch of the earlier House of Ardenne (or Ardennes, French Maison d'Ardenne). This was an important noble family from Lotharingia, known from at least the tenth century. They had several important branches, descended from several brothers:[2]

    • The
      Sigfried of Luxembourg
    • The
      Gozlin of Bidgau
    • The
      Frederick I of Upper Lorraine
      .
    The Luxembourg ancestry of Henry V, count of Luxembourg, ancestor of the royal house of Luxembourg
    Sigfried (†998), count of the Ardennes, ruler of "Lucilinburhuc"
    Frederick I (†1019),
    count of Luxembourg and Salm
    Giselbert (†1059),
    count of Luxemburg    		Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine, (†1065), count of Limburg
    Conrad I (†1086),
    count of Luxemburg    		Jutta
    Count of Namur (†1139)
    		Henry I, count of Limburg, († 1106), Duke of Lower Lorraine
    Conrad II (†1136),
    count of Luxembourg    		Waleran Paganus, Duke of Limburg (†1139)
    Henri IV (†1196), "the blind"
    count of Namur and Luxembourg
    		Henry II, Duke of Limburg (†1167)
    Henry III, Duke of Limburg (†1221)
    Theobald I, Count of BarErmesinde of Luxembourg (†1247)Waleran III, Duke of Limburg (†1226)
    Henry V (†1281), count of Luxembourg, Arlon and Namur

    See also

    References

    Wikimedia Commons has media related to House of Luxembourg.
    1. ^ "Sigismund (Holy Roman emperor)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
    2. ^ Parisse, ‘Généalogie de la Maison d'Ardenne’, La maison d'Ardenne Xe-XIe siècles. Actes des Journées Lotharingiennes, 24 - 26 oct. 1980, Centre Univ., Luxembourg, (1981) 9-41
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