Mac OS X Tiger

Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger

Version of the macOS operating system
Screenshot of Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger. Note that the Apple logo on the menu bar has been changed to one with a less glossy appearance.
Developer	Apple Inc.
OS family	Macintosh Unix-like
Source model	Apple Software Update
Platforms	IA-32, x86-64, PowerPC
Kernel type	Hybrid (XNU)
License	Commercial proprietary software[2]
Preceded by	Mac OS X 10.3 Panther
Succeeded by	Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard
Official website	Apple - Mac OS X at the Wayback Machine (archived July 28, 2006)
Tagline	Tiger unleashed.
Support status
Historical, unsupported as of September 4, 2009. Safari support ended November 2010 and iTunes support terminated as well.[3]

Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4) is the 5th

Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger was initially available in a PowerPC edition, with an Intel edition released beginning at Mac OS X 10.4.4 Tiger. There is no universal version of the client operating system, although Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger Server was made available on a universal DVD from version Mac OS X 10.4.7 Tiger. While Apple shipped the PowerPC edition bundled with PowerPC-based Macs and also sold it as a separate retail box, the only way to obtain the Intel version was to buy an Intel-based Mac bundled with it. However, it was possible to buy the 'restore' DVDs containing the Intel version through unofficial channels such as eBay, and officially through Apple if one could provide proof of purchase of the appropriate Intel Mac. These grey-colored 'restore' DVDs supplied with new Macs, are designed to only restore on the model of Mac that they are intended for. However, they can be modified to work on any Intel Mac. The retail PowerPC-only DVD can be used on any PowerPC-based Mac supported by Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger.

The system requirements of the PowerPC edition are:^[14]

• Macintosh computer with a PowerPC G3, G4 or G5 family processor
• Built-in
  FireWire
• DVD drive for installation
• 256MB of RAM
• 3GB of available hard disk space (4GB if the user installs the developer tools)

Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger removed support for older

Mac OS X Tiger was the last version of Mac OS X to support the PowerPC G3 family of processors.

History

The name "Mac OS X Tiger" was reported by Mac Magazine on March 30, 2004; According to Mac Magazine, this information came from a safe source. Furthermore, Mac Magazine reported that the internal codename for Mac OS X Tiger had been "Merlot".^[15]

Apple mentioned Mac OS X Tiger by name in a press release published on May 4, 2004 for its upcoming WWDC 2004 event.^[16]

Apple CEO

John Siracusa wrote that some features in Tiger were half-baked, such as filesystem metadata, Spotlight, and Dashboard. According to Siracusa, Spotlight in Tiger is confusing because it has two disparate interfaces which are kept separate, yet can accomplish the same task. Siracusa also wrote that some of Dashboard's UI choices were strange.^[18]

New and changed features

End-user features

Apple advertised that Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger had over 150 new and improved features, including:

• Finder
  . Spotlight will index files as they are saved, so they can be quickly and easily found through a search-as-you-type box in the menu bar. As a side-effect, it adds hidden folders and indexing files to removable media like USB flash drives.
• iChat Server
  is included on Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger Server.
• Safari RSS — The new Safari 2.0
  Atom web syndication that can be accessed easily from an RSS button in the address bar of the web browser window. An updated version of Safari, included as part of the free Mac OS X 10.4.3 Tiger update, can also pass the Acid2
  web standards test.
• Mail 2 — The new version of Mail.app email client
  included in Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger featured an updated interface, "Smart Mailboxes", which utilizes the Spotlight search system, parental controls, as well as several other features.
• Cocoa
  , or both). Automator came with a complete library of actions for several applications that can be used together to make a Workflow.
• VoiceOver — screen reader interface similar to Jaws for Windows and other Windows screen readers that offers the blind and visually impaired user keyboard control and spoken English descriptions of what is happening on screen. VoiceOver enables users with visual impairment to use applications via keyboard commands. VoiceOver is capable of reading aloud the contents of files including web pages, mail messages and word processing files. Complete keyboard navigation lets the user control the computer with the keyboard rather than the mouse, a menu is displayed in a window showing all the available keyboard commands that can be used.
• A complete built-in Dictionary/Thesaurus based on the New Oxford American Dictionary, Second Edition, accessible through an application, Dictionary, a Dashboard widget, and as a system-wide command (see below).
• .Mac syncing — Though this was not a new feature, .Mac syncing in Tiger is much improved over Panther. Syncing tasks in Tiger are now accomplished through the .Mac system preferences pane rather than the iSync
  application.
• H.264/AVC codec, which offers better quality and scalability than other video codecs. ^{[citation needed]} This new codec is used by iChat AV for clearer video conferencing. New classes within Cocoa provide full access to QuickTime for Cocoa application developers. The new QuickTime 7 player application bundled with Tiger now includes more advanced audio and video controls as well as a more detailed Information dialog, and the new player has been rebuilt using Apple's Cocoa API
  to take advantage of the new technologies more easily.
• New Unix features — New versions of cp, mv, and rsync that support files with resource forks. Command-line support for features such as the above-mentioned Spotlight is also included.
• Xcode 2.0 — Xcode 2.0, Apple's Cocoa development tool now includes visual modelling, an integrated Apple Reference Library and graphical remote debugging.

New applications in Tiger

• Konfabulator application caused some criticism.^[19]
• Automator
  — Automator uses workflows to process repetitive tasks automatically
• Grapher — Grapher is a new application capable of creating 2D and 3D graphs similar to those of Graphing Calculator.
• Dictionary — A dictionary and thesaurus program that uses the New Oxford American Dictionary. It has a fast GUI for displaying the Dictionary, and allows the user to search the dictionary with Spotlight, to print definitions, and to copy and paste text into documents. Dictionary also provides a Dictionary service in the Application menu, and Cocoa and WebKit provide a global keyboard shortcut (ctrl-⌘-D by default) for all applications that display text with them. Its use was furthered in the next version of OS X by providing definitions from Wikipedia. The Dictionary application is a more feature-filled version of the Dictionary widget.
• Quartz Composer — Quartz Composer is a development tool for processing and rendering graphical data.
• AU Lab — AU Lab is a developer application for testing and mixing Audio Units.

Improvements

• An upgraded
  userland address spaces on machines with 64-bit processors.^[20]
• An updated libSystem with both 32-bit and 64-bit versions; combined with the aforementioned kernel change, this allows individual applications to address more than 4 GB of memory when run on 64-bit processors, although an application using Apple libraries or frameworks other than libSystem would need to have two processes, one running the 64-bit code and one running the code that requires other libraries and frameworks.[20]^[21]
• A new startup
  daemon called launchd
  that allows for faster booting.
• The printing dialog in Tiger now features a drop down menu for creating PDFs, sending PDFs to Mail, and other PDF related actions. However, the user interface was criticized for creating a hybrid UI element that looks like a plain button but acts like a pop-up menu. This is one of only three places in the entire Mac OS X interface where such an element appears.^{[citation needed]}
• Dock menus now have menu items to open an application at login, or to remove the icon from the dock.
• The Window menu in the Finder now features a "Cycle Through Windows" menu item.
• The Get Info window for items in the Finder now includes a "More Info" section that includes Spotlight information tags such as Image Height & Width, when the file was last opened, and where the file originated.
• Early development of resolution independence. Apple notes that this will be a user-level feature in a future version of Mac OS X.^[22] Among the changes, the maximum size of icons was increased to 256x256. However, the Finder does not yet support this size.

Technologies

This section contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (May 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

• Core Image: A graphics processing API that allows programmers to leverage programmable GPUs for fast image processing for special effects and image correction tools. Some of the included Image Units are Blur, Color Blending, Generator Filters, Distortion Filters, Geometry Filters, and Halftone features.
• Core Data: A data persistence API that makes it easier for developers to handle structured data in their applications. Core Data provides undo, redo, and save functions for developers without them having to write any code.
• Core Video: A video graphics API that leverages Core Image to provide real-time video processing. Apple’s Motion real-time video effects program takes advantage of Core Video in Tiger. Core Video lets developers easily integrate real-time video effects and processing into their applications.
• Core Audio: Integrates a range of audio functionality directly into the operating system.

In addition to these APIs, Tiger introduces a new window theme, often described as 'Unified'. A variation on the standard, non-brushed metal theme used since the introduction of Mac OS X, this theme integrates the title bar and the toolbar of a window. A prominent example of an application that utilizes this theme is Mail.

Tiger is also the first version of Mac OS X to include the "Zoom" screen magnifier functionality.

Tiger trademark lawsuit

Shortly before the release of Mac OS X Tiger, the computer retailer

TigerDirect.com, Inc. filed a lawsuit against Apple, alleging that Apple infringed TigerDirect.com's trademark with the Mac OS X Tiger operating system.^[23]

The following is a quotation from TigerDirect.com's court memorandum:

Apple Computer's use of its infringing family of Tiger marks to expand sales of products besides its operating system software is already evident — for example, Apple Computer is offering free iPods and laptops as part of its Tiger World Premiere giveaway. In short, notwithstanding its representation to the PTO that it would only use Tiger in connection with their unique computer operating system software, Apple Computer has in recent weeks used a family of Tiger marks in connection with a substantially broader group of products and services, including the very products and services currently offered by Tiger Direct under its famous family of Tiger marks.[24]

In 2005 TigerDirect was denied a

preliminary injunction that would have prevented Apple from using the mark while the case was decided.^[25] Apple and TigerDirect reached a settlement in 2006, after which TigerDirect withdrew its opposition.^[26]

Support for Intel processors

Mac transition to Intel processors
PowerPC Architecture Universal binary Boot Camp Rosetta Developer Transition Kit
v t e

At Apple's 2005

prototype Intel-based Mac

("Developer Transition Kit") that included a version of Mac OS X v10.4.1 compiled to run on x86 processors.

This build included Apple's Rosetta compatibility layer — a translation process that allows x86-based Macs to run software built only for PowerPC, with a moderate performance penalty. This is contrasted with the contemporary Mac OS 9 Classic mode, which used comparably larger amounts of system resources.

Soon after the Developer Transition Kits began shipping, copies of Tiger x86 were leaked onto

EFI. By late 2006, the 10.4.8 kernel had been cracked.^[28]

At

MacWorld

San Francisco 2006, Jobs announced the immediate availability of Mac OS X v10.4.4, the first publicly available release of Tiger compiled for both PowerPC- and Intel x86-based machines. This version was the first version, other than the version provided with the Developer Transition Kits, to include Rosetta.

Release history

Version	Build	Date	Darwin version	Notes
10.4	8A428	April 29, 2005	8.0	Preinstalled on much of the new line of computers
	8A432			Original retail release
10.4.1	8B15	May 16, 2005	8.1	Improved reliability, particularly in networking; improved compatibility with software and hardware devices.[29] Also addresses a widget auto-installation issue.[30]
	8B17	May 19, 2005		Server edition
10.4.2	8C46	July 12, 2005	8.2	About the Mac OS X 10.4.2 Update (Delta)
	8C47			Server edition
	8E102	October 12, 2005		Exclusively for Front Row iMac G5 released on same date
	8E45	October 19, 2005		Exclusively for PowerBook G4s released on same date
	8E90			Exclusively for Power Mac G5 Dual and Quad released on same date
10.4.3	8F46	October 31, 2005	8.3	About the Mac OS X 10.4.3 Update (Delta) Updated retail release
10.4.4	8G32	January 10, 2006	8.4	About the Mac OS X 10.4.4 Update (Delta) PowerPC
	8G1165			Shipped on initial Intel-based Macs
10.4.5	8H14	February 14, 2006	8.5	About the Mac OS X 10.4.5 Update (delta) PowerPC
	8G1454			About the Mac OS X 10.4.5 Update (delta) Intel
10.4.6	8I127	April 3, 2006	8.6	About the Mac OS X 10.4.6 Update (delta) PowerPC; Final retail release
	8I1119			About the Mac OS X 10.4.6 Update (delta) Intel
10.4.7	8J135	June 27, 2006	8.7	About the Mac OS X 10.4.7 Update (delta) PowerPC
	8J2135a			About the Mac OS X 10.4.7 Update (delta) Intel
	8K1079	August 7, 2006		exclusively for Mac Pro released the same date
	8N5107			exclusively for Apple TV (formerly codenamed iTV)[31]
10.4.8	8L127	September 29, 2006	8.8	About the Mac OS X 10.4.8 Update (delta) PowerPC
	8L2127			Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition
10.4.9	8P135	March 13, 2007	8.9	About the Mac OS X 10.4.9 Update (delta) PowerPC
	8P2137			About the Mac OS X 10.4.9 Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition
10.4.10	8R218	June 20, 2007	8.10	About the Mac OS X 10.4.10 Update (delta) PowerPC
	8R2218			About the Mac OS X 10.4.10 Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition
	8R2232
10.4.11	8S165	November 14, 2007	8.11	About the Mac OS X 10.4.11 Update PowerPC
	8S2167			About the Mac OS X 10.4.11 Update Intel and Universal Server Edition

Timeline

Timeline of Mac operating systems v t e

References

1. ^ "Apple Unleashes "Tiger" Friday at 6:00 p.m." (Press release). Apple Inc. April 28, 2005. Archived from the original on January 3, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
2. Apple Inc. Archived
   (PDF) from the original on August 4, 2016. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
3. ^ Gregg Keizer (December 17, 2013). "Apple signals end to OS X Snow Leopard support". Computerworld. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved June 23, 2014. The company did the same for OS X Tiger, officially known as OS X 10.4, which was retired from support in September 2009, more than four years after its introduction.
4. ^ Gregg Keizer (January 29, 2007). "Microsoft's Vista Had Major Mac Envy, Company E-Mails Reveal". Information Week. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
5. ^ Cohen, Peter; Snell, Jason (June 5, 2005). "WWDC 2005 Keynote Live Update". Macworld. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
6. ^ Apple Inc. (June 11, 2007). "WWDC 2007 Keynote". Archived from the original on June 14, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2007.
7. ^ "Apple TV OS successfully booted on Macs". MacNN. March 27, 2007. Archived from the original on April 1, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
8. ^ Knight, Dan (April 13, 2007). "Leopard Delayed to October. And the Bad Thing Is?". LowEnd Mac. Cobweb Publishing, Inc. Archived from the original on January 16, 2008. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
9. ^ Apple Inc. (September 10, 2009). "Security Update 2009-005 (Tiger PPC)". Retrieved October 1, 2023.
10. ^ Apple Inc. (September 10, 2009). "Security Update 2009-005 (Tiger Intel)". Retrieved October 1, 2023.
11. ^ Apple Inc. (September 1, 2010). "iTunes 10". Archived from the original on September 5, 2010.
12. ^ Apple Inc. (August 18, 2023). "Apple security updates (2010)". Retrieved October 1, 2023.
13. ^ Low End Mac (April 29, 2011). "6 Years With Tiger". Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
14. ^ Apple. "Mac OS X Tiger: System requirements". Apple. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
15. ^ "Mac OS X 10.4 terá codinome "Tiger", voltando à série de felinos" (in Portuguese). March 30, 2004. Archived from the original on April 5, 2004.
16. ^ "Steve Jobs to Kick off Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference 2004 with Preview of Mac OS X "Tiger"" (Press release). Apple.
17. ^ "Apple sues 'Tiger' file sharers". BBC News. London: BBC. December 22, 2004. Archived from the original on October 3, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
18. ^ "Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger". April 28, 2005.
19. ^ John Siracusa (April 28, 2005). "Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger". p. 17. Archived from the original on May 26, 2007. Retrieved June 11, 2006.
20. ^ ^{a b} John Siracusa (April 28, 2005). "Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger". ArsTechnica.com. p. 4. Retrieved February 25, 2007.
21. ^ Apple (March 6, 2006). "Developing 64-bit applications". Apple Developer Connection. Archived from the original on September 25, 2007. Retrieved March 5, 2007.
22. ^ "Resolution Independent UI". Apple Developer Connection. Archived from the original on December 26, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2006.
23. ^ AppleInsider Staff (April 28, 2005). "Apple sued over "Tiger," injunction sought". AppleInsider. Archived from the original on April 10, 2007. Retrieved July 10, 2006.
24. ^ lawyerguy (April 28, 2005). "Some points for TigerDirect". Slashdot. Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2006.
25. ^ Kasper Jade (May 13, 2005). "Court sides with Apple over "Tiger" trademark dispute". AppleInsider. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2006.
26. ^ "Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, proceeding 91163437". May 8, 2006. Archived from the original on February 3, 2017. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
27. ^ Mark Baard (August 12, 2005). "Mac Hacks Allow OS X on PCs". Wired. Wired News. Archived from the original on July 27, 2010. Retrieved July 10, 2006.
28. ^ Tony Smith (October 25, 2006). "Mac OS X 10.4.8 runs on any PC..." The Register. Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
29. ^ "Mac OS X Update 10.4.1".
30. ^ "Mac OS X 10.4.1: Release Notes, difference between Software Update/Download versions".
31. ^ "Apple TV OS 10.4.7 - AwkwardTV". Wiki.awkwardtv.org. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved June 21, 2011.

External links

• Archive copy of official website at the Wayback Machine (archived June 9, 2011)
• Ars Technica Mac OS X Tiger Review at Ars Technica
• Mac OS X Tiger at Wikibooks

Preceded by Mac OS X 10.3 (Panther)

Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger) 2005

Succeeded by Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard)