Mainz Hauptbahnhof
Mainz Hauptbahnhof ("Mainz main station", formerly known as Centralbahnhof Mainz
History
The current station was built as a central station from 1882 to 1884 according to the plans of Philipp Johann Berdellé (1838–1903) as part of the expansion of the city after the Franco-Prussian War.[6]
Origins
Under the Rheinschifffahrtsakte (
In December 1858 the Hessian Ludwig Railway opened a line to Aschaffenburg via the then state capital of Darmstadt, but it ended on the right Rhine bank above the Main delta as no bridge had been built over the Rhine. Travelers had to cross the Rhine with their luggage on a train ferry. Therefore, in 1860 the building of a permanent railway bridge began, which went into service on 20 December 1862 as the first permanent bridge over the Rhine at Mainz since Roman times.
On 17 October 1859 the
In 1871 the Alzey–Mainz line of the Hessian Ludwig Railway opened to Alzey via Gonsenheim.
Planning
In the course of the 19th Century the number of passengers steadily increased, as Mainz developed as the junction of lines to Darmstadt, Ludwigshafen, Aschaffenburg, Bingen and Frankfurt. However, the terminal stations lay between the walls and the fortress and the Rhine bank, and this limited area did not permit an expansion of the railway facilities. Already in 1858 the Mainzer Zeitung newspaper reported plans for a relocation of the stations.
The development of the town, extension and organization of the riverbank and railway development required a high measure of co-ordination in order to produce an acceptable outcome. In 1873, Chief architect Eduard Kreyßig, who had replaced the former chief architect Laske in 1866, suggested shifting the station to the west side of the city. The approach lines had to be built in a large curve to the west of the city to reach the proposed station site. In addition a
Construction
The Mainz architect Philipp Johann Berdellé (1838–1903) created the station's entrance building in bright
Art in the building
Berdellé set the emphasis of the graphic decorations on the entrances of the central building. Allegorical representations refer to the function of the building. On both sides of the entrance reliefs (produced by the Mainz sculptors Valentin Barth and Anton Scholl) display putti at play to indicate the way for arrivals and departures:
- The departure sculpture is in the left section of the main building: in the left upper corner the word "billet" (ticket) can be recognized. It shows scenes on the topic of departure and parting at the station and includes a heavy suitcase.
- The arrival sculpture is in the right section of the main building: here the putti disembark from the train and joyful arrival is portrayed. The heavy suitcase is carried away.
Station forecourt
Originally the forecourt surrounded a rondel and was planted with trees, lawns and flowers. It included a rail loop for horse trams and numerous carriages and hotel buses also served the station.
Station hall
The station hall was the longest in Europe when opened. It was built, along with railway bridge over the Rhine, by the Süddeutschen Brückenbau-Actien-Gesellschaft, now MAN AG. It was three hundred meters long [6] and 47 meters wide and constructed from cast and wrought iron, glass and corrugated iron with a surface area of approximately 14,000 square meters. The roof structure was supported by sixty wrought-iron columns. The faces were locked with glass aprons up to the entry height of the courses.
First alteration
Part of the tunnel between the Hauptbahnhof and Mainz Süd was opened to the surface in the thirties in a make-work scheme, creating two tunnels. A fire in the station's roof on 23 December 1934 caused limited damage, but it was decided to replace the whole roof.[6] The station was bombed on many occasions during World War II by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces, but continued to operate.
Second alteration
In the course of the bombing of Mainz in World War II the Hauptbahnhof as important infrastructure was subject to several air raids.[6] With the permission of the American and French military authorities trains began to operate on individual lines again and reconstruction began before the end of 1945. The re-building of the station building and forecourt began in 1947. The outside walls and the basic concept were maintained, but the groundplan was improved.
The Hauptbahnhof was enlarged, modernized and adapted for technical progress. The Mainz locomotive shed became one of the first to be "steam-free", when the last steam locomotive left it in 1959. The station had previously been
Third alteration
The largest recent change to the station is the building of a second double-track tunnel on the line to Römisches Theater station (formerly Mainz Süd) under the Kästrich. The reorganization of the lines in the old tunnel has not been finished yet.
At a cost of about € 114 million over a five-year construction period to the end of 2003, the reception building and the station hall were reconditioned and partly rebuilt.[6] The platform entrance now leads across a high ramp, which gives step-free access via escalators and elevators from the reception hall to the platforms. It spans four platforms and seven tracks. Three further terminal tracks are accessible from platform 1. The area for businesses and restaurants was expanded by 3.800 m².
Services
The station is used by about 55,000 travelers each day. It is the terminus of Line S8:
The station is an interchange point for the Mainz tramway network, and an important bus junction for the city and region (RNN, ORN and MVG).
Long distance
The following long-distance rail passenger services operate from Mainz Hauptbahnhof:
| Line | Route | Interval |
|---|---|---|
| ICE 11 | München-Pasing – Munich
|
1 train |
| ICE 20 | Frankfurt Airport – Mainz – Wiesbaden
|
1 train |
| ICE 32 | Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Bingen – Mainz – Mannheim – Heidelberg – Stuttgart – Ulm – Friedrichshafen Stadt – Lindau – Bregenz – St. Anton – Innsbruck | 1 train pair |
| IC 32 | Dortmund – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Koblenz – Mainz – Mannheim – Heidelberg – Vaihingen – Stuttgart – Ulm – Kempten – Oberstdorf | 1 train pair |
| IC 35 | Norddeich Mole – Münster – Recklinghausen – Gelsenkirchen – Oberhausen – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Koblenz – Mainz – Mannheim – Karlsruhe – Offenburg – Konstanz
|
Some trains on the weekend |
| ICE 41 | Munich – Hamm – Dortmund – Essen – Duisburg – Köln Messe/Deutz – Wiesbaden – Mainz – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt
|
1 train (Mon–Fri) |
| ICE 42 | Munich – Augsburg – Ulm – Stuttgart – Mannheim – Frankfurt Airport – Mainz – Wiesbaden | 1 train (Sun) |
| ICE 45 | Stuttgart (– Vaihingen) – Heidelberg – Mannheim – Mainz – Wiesbaden – Limburg Süd – Montabaur – Siegburg/Bonn (– Cologne/Bonn Airport) – Cologne | 1 train pair |
| Mainz – Wiesbaden – Limburg Süd – Montabaur – Cologne | 1 train | |
| ICE 50 | Dresden – Leipzig – Erfurt – Fulda – Frankfurt – Frankfurt Airport – Mainz – Wiesbaden | Every 2 hours |
| IC 55 | Dresden – Leipzig – Halle – Magdeburg – Braunschweig – Hanover – Bielefeld – Dortmund – Hagen – Wuppertal – Solingen – Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Bingen – Mainz – Mannheim – Heidelberg – Vaihingen – Stuttgart (– Plochingen – Reutlingen – Tübingen) | |
| IC 55 / | Hamburg-Altona – Hamburg – Bremen – Osnabrück – Münster – Dortmund – Bochum – Essen – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Mainz – Mannheim – Karlsruhe – Baden-Baden – Freiburg – Basel – Zürich / Interlaken Ost | 2 train pairs |
| ICE 62 | Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Bonn – Remagen – Andernach – Koblenz – Bingen – Mainz – Worms – Mannheim – Vaihingen – Stuttgart – Ulm – Augsburg – Munich – Salzburg – Villach – Klagenfurt | 1 train pair |
| ICE 91 | Dortmund – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Koblenz – Mainz – Frankfurt – Würzburg – Nuremberg – Regensburg – Passau – Linz – Vienna | Every 2 hours |
Regional
The following local passenger services operate from Mainz Hauptbahnhof:
| Line | Route | Operator | Stock |
|---|---|---|---|
| S6 | Mainz – Bensheim )
|
DB Regio Mitte
|
425 |
|
Steinheim (Main) – Hanau Hbf )
|
DB Regio Mitte
|
430 |
| RE 2 | – Mainz – Rüsselsheim – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt | DB Regio Mitte
|
429 |
| RE 3 | Bad Kreuznach – Mainz – Rüsselsheim – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt
|
vlexx | 620, 622 |
| RE 4 | Frankfurt – Germersheim – Karlsruhe
|
DB Regio Mitte | 429 |
| RE 13 | Mainz – Freimersheim – Kirchheimbolanden )
|
vlexx | 620, 622 |
| RE 14 | Frankfurt – Frankfurt-Höchst – Hochheim – Mainz – Worms – Frankenthal – Ludwigshafen Mitte – Mannheim
|
DB Regio Mitte | 429 |
| RE 15 | Mainz – Bad Kreuznach – Hochspeyer – Kaiserslautern
|
vlexx | 620,622 |
| RB 26 | Andernach – Koblenz – Boppard – Oberwesel – Bingen – Ingelheim – Mainz
|
Trans regio
|
460 |
| RB 31 | (Frankfurt – Frankfurt Flughafen – Rüsselsheim –) Mainz – Gonsenheim – Klein Winternheim-Ober Olm – Nieder-Olm – Saulheim – Wörrstadt – Armsheim – Albig – Alzey (– Wahlheim – Freimersheim – Kirchheimbolanden) | vlexx | 620, 622 |
| RB 33 | Idar-Oberstein – Bad Kreuznach – Mainz (– Rüsselsheim – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt) | vlexx | 620, 622 |
| RB 75 | Wiesbaden – Mainz – Dieburg – Aschaffenburg
|
Hessische Landesbahn | 1440 |
| In brief | |
|---|---|
| Number of passenger tracks above ground: |
7 main line ,1 branch, 1 tramway station, 2 tracks each |
| Trains (daily): |
78 long-distance 440 regional |
References
- ^ "Tarifinformationen 2021" (PDF). Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund. 1 January 2021. p. 146. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ "RNN Wabenplan 2021" (PDF). Rhein-Nahe-Nahverkehrsverbund. 1 January 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ Daten & Fakten. Profil auf bahnhof.de. Archived 2012-02-26 at the Wayback Machine Information auf bahnhof.de, accessed 26 February 2012
- ^ Mitteilungen des Hessischen landesstatistischen amtes, 1879, p. 10.
- ^ von Meyer, Arthur (1891). Geschichte und Geographie der deutschen Eisenbahnen von ihrer Entstehung bis auf die Gegenwart, W. Baensch, p. 1131
- ^ ISBN 3-89889-078-3.
Sources
- Eisenbahn in Hessen. Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen. Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland, ed. vom Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Hessen, Theiss Verlag Stuttgart, 2005, 3 volumes at Schuber, 1.448 S., ISBN 3-8062-1917-6, Bd. 2.1, S. 232f (Strecke 014). (in German)
- ISBN 3-8053-2000-0(in German)
- Stadt Mainz (ed.): Vierteljahreshefte für Kultur, Politik, Wirtschaft, Geschichte. Verlag Krach, 1981, ISSN 0720-5945 (in German)
- Heinrich Wohte (ed.): Mainz – Ein Heimatbuch. Verlag Johann Falk Söhne, Mainz 1928 (in German)
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