Malling series

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The Malling series is a group of

John Innes Institute, in Merton Park in Surrey, gave rise to the Malling-Merton series, which were resistant to Eriosoma lanigerum, the woolly apple aphid.[2]

Common Malling rootstocks in the 1940s:

Relative size are dependent on climate, variety and soil.

M 1 - M24 rootstocks[6]
Designation (Old designation) Synonyms Origin Tree size a) Tree size b) Winter hardiness c)
M 1 (EM I) Broad-leaved English paradise England ca 1860 v sd-ss 4
M 2 (EM II) Doucin France v sd-ss 4
M 3 (EM III) Dutch doucin, Hollyleaf paradise, Königs splittapfel ? sd sd 6
M 4 (EM IV) Holstein doucin, Yellow doucin Unknown sv sd-ss 5
M 5 (EM V) Doucin amelioré, Improved doucin, Red paradise ? v sd-ss 4
M 6 (EM VI) Nonsuch paradise, Rivers's paradise England ca 1860 sd 2
M 7 (EM VII) - France, 1600s sd sd-d 5
M 8 (EM VIII) French paradise <1696 d d 2
M 9 (EM IX) Jaune de metz, Yellow metz France 1879 vd d 3
M 10 (EM X) U 1 ? vv ss-s 2
M 11 (EM XI) Green doucin Germany, 1904 vv ss
M 12 (EM XII) - England v s 4
M 13 (EM XIII) Black doucin, U 2 Germany ca 1890 v sd-ss 4
M 14 (EM XIV) U 5 Germany v ss
M 15 (EM XV) U 6 Germany vv ss-s 2
M 16 (EM XVI) Ketziner ideal, U 3 Germany ca 1909 vv ss-s 5
M 17 identical to M 5 Wageningen, Holland sd
M 18 - Wageningen, Holland v ss
M 19 - Berlin, Germany v ss
M 20 Spurious 9 France ? vd sd-d
M 21 Cut-leaved 9 ? vd sd-d
M 22 - Chelmsford, England v ss
M 23 - Chelmsford, England v sd
M 24 Paradis de menton, Noir de menton, ? v ss

a) East Malling vd= very dwarf, d= dwarf, sd= semidwarf, sv= semivigorous, v= vigorous, vv= very vigorous.

b) Tukey, Dwarfed fruit trees, 1964 d= dwarf, sd=semidwarf, ss= semistandard, s= standard.

c) Tukey, Dwarfed fruit trees, 1964 6= highest winter hardiness, 2= lowest winter hardiness.

M 25 - M 27 rootstocks
Name Parentage Cross made Selected Introduced
M 25 Northern Spy x M 2 1952
M 26 M 16 x M 9 1929 1958 or 1959
M 27 M 13 x M 9 1929 1934 1975
Size of an apple tree depending on the rootstock used

References

  1. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33759
    . (subscription required).
  2. ^ a b c Lorraine Berkett (2006). Apple Orchard Information for Beginners. The University of Vermont. Archived 10 February 2006.
  3. ^ a b Tony Webster, Ken Tobutt, Kate Evans (2000). Breeding and Evaluation of New Rootstocks for Apple, Pear and Sweet Cherry. Conference paper, 43rd Annual IDFTA Conference, February 6–9, 2000, Napier, New Zealand. International Dwarf Fruit Tree Association. Accessed September 2017.
  4. ^ East Malling catalogues
  5. ^ F. Brumm, Der Baumschulbetrieb, 1949
  6. ^ Tukey Harold Bradford, Dwarfed fruit trees, 1964

Links

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