Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll
Margaret, Duchess of Argyll | |
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![]() Portrait by Allan Warren, 1991 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Ethel Margaret Whigham 1 December 1912 Newton Mearns, Renfrewshire, Scotland, UK |
Died | 25 July 1993 Pimlico, London, England, UK | (aged 80)
Resting place | Brookwood Cemetery, Surrey, England 51°17′52″N 0°37′54″W / 51.29783°N 0.63162°W |
Spouses | |
Children | 3, including Frances, Duchess of Rutland |
Parents |
|
Relatives | Jane Beadon (stepmother) |
Ethel Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll (
Early years
Ethel Margaret Whigham was the only child of Helen Mann Hannay and George Hay Whigham. Her father, the son of Scottish lawyer and cricketer
In 1928 the future actor David Niven, then 18, had sex with 15-year-old Margaret during a holiday at Bembridge on the Isle of Wight. To the fury of her father, she became pregnant as a result. She was taken into a London nursing home for a secret abortion. "All hell broke loose," remembered her family cook, Elizabeth Duckworth. Margaret did not mention the episode in her 1975 memoirs, but she continued to adore Niven until the day he died. She was among the VIP guests at his London memorial service.[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Margaret_Whigham.jpg/250px-Margaret_Whigham.jpg)
In 1930 Margaret was
First marriage
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Norman_Hartnell_wedding_dress_of_1933_worn_by_Margaret_Whigham_Sweeney.jpg/220px-Norman_Hartnell_wedding_dress_of_1933_worn_by_Margaret_Whigham_Sweeney.jpg)
On 21 February 1933, following her conversion to
She had three children with Sweeny: a daughter, who was
In 1943, Margaret had a near-fatal fall down a lift shaft. "I fell forty feet to the bottom of the lift shaft", she later recalled. "The only thing that saved me was the lift cable, which broke my fall. I must have clutched at it, for it was later found that all my fingernails were torn off. I apparently fell onto my knees and cracked the back of my head against the wall".[2]
Intermarital relationships
The Sweenys divorced in 1947.[1] After the end of her first marriage, Margaret was briefly engaged to a Texas-born banker, Joseph Thomas of Lehman Brothers, but he fell in love with another woman and the engagement was broken. She also had a serious romantic relationship with Theodore Rousseau, curator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, who was, she recalled, "highly intelligent, witty and self-confident to the point of arrogance". That romance also ended without the couple formalising their liaison, since the mother of two "feared that Ted was not 'stepfather material'".[2] Still, she observed in her memoirs, "[W]e continued to see each other constantly."[2]
Second marriage
On 22 March 1951, Margaret became the third wife of
I had wealth, I had good looks. As a young woman I had been constantly photographed, written about, flattered, admired, included in the Ten Best-Dressed Women in the World list, and mentioned by Cole Porter in the words of his hit song "You're the Top". The top was what I was supposed to be. I had become a duchess and mistress of a historic castle. My daughter had married a duke. Life was apparently roses all the way.[2]
In fact, Margaret was not mentioned in Porter's original version of "You're the Top", but in the later anglicised lyrics for the British version of the song by P. G. Wodehouse, who changed two lines from "You're an O'Neill drama / You're Whistler's mama!" to "You're Mussolini / You're Mrs Sweeny".[9][10]
According to Lyndsy Spence, a biographer of the Duchess, the Duke of Argyll forged a deed of sale (sometimes called a deed of gift, thus offering various items from Inveraray Castle as security) before their marriage in exchange for her money used to restore his family home at Inveraray, and wiretapped her car.[8] The Duchess herself forged letters to sow doubt about the fatherhood of Ian Campbell, the Marquess of Lorne, and Lord Colin Campbell, her husband's sons from his second marriage to Louise Timpson; and she even tried to acquire a newborn baby she could pass off as her husband's rightful heir.[11]
Divorce from the Duke of Argyll
Within a few years, the marriage was falling apart. The Duke was known to be
The Duchess counter-petitioned the divorce, accusing the Duke of committing adultery with her stepmother,
A list of as many as 88 men with whom the Duke believed his wife had consorted was produced. The list is said to include two government ministers and three members of the
Granting the divorce, Lord Wheatley, the presiding judge, said the evidence established that the Duchess "was a completely promiscuous woman whose sexual appetite could only be satisfied with a number of men".[4] He continued: "Her attitude to the sanctity of marriage was what moderns would call 'enlightened' but which in plain language was wholly immoral."[17] Many of the men the Duchess was alleged to have slept with were homosexual; she was unwilling to divulge this as sexual acts between men were illegal in the United Kingdom at the time.[8]
The Duchess never revealed the identity of the "headless man", and Fairbanks always denied the allegation. Long afterwards, it was claimed that there were actually two "headless men" in the photographs, Fairbanks and Sandys, the latter identified on the basis of the Duchess's statement that "the only Polaroid camera in the country at that time had been lent to the Ministry of Defence".[14] In 2013, the daughter-in-law of the 11th Duke, Lady Colin Campbell, stated that the "headless man" was an American executive named Bill Lyons.[18]
Final years
The Duchess wrote a memoir, Forget Not (published by
In 1978, Margaret's debts forced her to move from Upper Grosvenor Street and relocate with her maid to a suite at the Grosvenor House Hotel.[21] In April 1988, on the evening after the Grand National, she appeared on a Channel 4 After Dark discussion about horse racing "so she said, to put the point of view of the horse", later walking out of the programme "because she was so very sleepy".[22] In 1990, unable to pay the hotel bills, she was evicted and, with the support of friends and her first husband, moved into an apartment.[23]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Margaret_Duchess_of_Argyll_Brookwood.jpg/210px-Margaret_Duchess_of_Argyll_Brookwood.jpg)
Margaret's children later placed her in a nursing home in
Margaret had asked Charles Castle in 1974 to write her biography, but reneged.[26] He then published The Duchess Who Dared – The Life of Margaret, Duchess of Argyll in 1994.[27] It was reprinted in 1995 by Pan Books, and in 2021, to coincide with the TV series A Very British Scandal, by Swift Press.[28]
Personality
The Duchess once told The New York Times: "I don't think anybody has real style or class any more. Everyone's got old and fat." She described herself as "always vain". Another quote gives an insight into her personality: "Always a poodle, only a poodle! That, and three strands of pearls!" she said. "Together they are absolutely the essential things in life."[29]
In popular culture
- Powder Her Face, a chamber opera based on major events in the Duchess's life, received its premiere at the Cheltenham Music Festival in 1995. The English composer Thomas Adès wrote the music, and novelist Philip Hensher contributed the libretto; the Festival, along with the Almeida Opera, commissioned the piece.[30] The opera's Duchess character, an image of the real woman refracted through an astringent camp sensibility, invites both sympathy and contempt for her by design.[31]
- Her divorce from the Duke of Argyll was dramatised in the Amazon Studios miniseries A Very British Scandal, written by Sarah Phelps and broadcast in 2021, starring Claire Foy as the Duchess.[32][33][34]
References
- ^ a b c d e "The scarlet Duchess of Argyll: Much more than just a Highland fling". The Independent. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
- ^ ISBN 0-491-01825-8. Archived from the originalon 24 June 2021.
- ^ Niv by Graham Lord, Orion, 2004, p. 420
- ^ a b "The Dirty Duchess of Argyll was ahead of her time". The Times. 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- ^ "Brilliant society wedding 1933". British Pathe News.
- ^ "Chic Vintage Bride – Margaret Whigham". Chic Vintage Brides. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014.
- ^ "Madame Yevonde's Goddesses - in pictures". The Guardian. 7 May 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
- ^ a b c Spence, Lyndsy (5 February 2019). "The real scandal of the Duchess of Argyll is that she was a victim of celebrity hacking". The Scotsman. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ "Mayfair, the Duchess of Argyll and the Headless Man polaroids « Another Nickel in the Machine". Nickelinthemachine.com. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
- ^ a b Warren Hoge: "London Journal; A Sex Scandal of the 60's, Doubly Scandalous Now", The New York Times, 16 August 2000
- ^ Bouverie, Tim (12 April 2019). "Another very English scandal: the wild life of Margaret, Duchess of Argyll". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ Gristwood, Sarah (26 December 2021). "The Argyll divorce: the society scandal that rocked 1960s Britain". BBC History. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ "A who's who of the most scandalous, daring and dangerous duchesses in history". Tatler. 15 April 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ a b c Hall, Sarah (10 August 2000). "'Headless men' in sex scandal finally named". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ "Divorce Trial Figure Beadon Dies". AP NEWS.
- ^ "Identity of the notorious Headless Man remains a mystery Argyll divorce secret dieswithstepmother". HeraldScotland. July 1999.
- ^ Macintyre, Ben (2 February 2019). "The Dirty Duchess of Argyll was ahead of her time". The Times. Retrieved 11 March 2021. (subscription required)
- ^ Killen, Mary (24 December 2021). "Sex, lies and Polaroid film: Mary Killen on the Duchess of Argyll". Tatler. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
- ^ "Upper Grosvenor Street: South Side Pages 231–238 Survey of London: Volume 40, the Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings). Originally published by London County Council, London, 1980". British History Online. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^ Terry Kirby (6 February 2004). "For sale: London residence where Duchess scandalised society". The Independent. Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
- ^ "Obituary: Margaret Duchess of Argyll". The Telegraph. 28 July 1993. Archived from the original on 29 July 2009. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- ^ Sebastian Cody (14 August 2007). "Tony Wilson – 'Britain's finest live presenter'". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ^ Randall, David (17 February 2013). "The scarlet Duchess of Argyll: Much more than just a Highland fling". The Independent. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ "Duchess of Argyll's funeral demonstrates that feelings will not rest". HeraldScotland. 4 August 1993.
- ^ "Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll". The Androom Archives. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- The Weekend Australian. p. 15.
- ISBN 9780283062247
- ISBN 978-1800750807.
- ^ John Dukas, "Dukas' Diary: Advice from the Duchess", HG,[clarification needed] October 1988, p. 160
- ^ Joe Hill-Gibbins (27 March 2014). "Thomas Adès's Powder Her Face and the shocking power of the sex selfie". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- ^ O'Brien, Geoffrey (19 February 2013). "In My Lady's Crowded Chamber". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ Kanter, Jake (11 March 2020). "'The ABC Murders' Writer Sarah Phelps Signs Up For 'A Very English Scandal' Season 2".
- ^ "A Very English Scandal series 2 will focus on the 'Dirty Duchess' divorce case". The Telegraph. Press Association. 31 January 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ Williams, Zoe (17 December 2021). "'I like sex and am extremely good at it' – the real crime of the 'fellatio duchess' in A Very British Scandal". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
External links
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