McMurdo Volcanic Group
McMurdo Volcanic Group | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Cenozoic | |
Type | Group |
Unit of | Western Ross Supergroup |
Sub-units | Erebus Volcanic Province, Hallett Volcanic Province, Melbourne Volcanic Province |
Lithology | |
Primary | Volcanic rocks |
Location | |
Region | Antarctica |
The McMurdo Volcanic Group is a large group of
Subdivisions
Three subprovinces comprise the McMurdo Volcanic Group, namely the Hallett, Melbourne and Erebus volcanic provinces.[1] The Balleny Volcanic Province along the Balleny Fracture Zone in the Southern Ocean was originally defined as a part of the McMurdo Volcanic Group but it is now excluded due to its location on oceanic crust with no obvious geographic or tectonic relationship to the other McMurdo volcanic provinces.[4][5]
Hallett Volcanic Province
The Hallett Volcanic Province in northern Victoria Land is situated along the margin of the Transantarctic Mountains.[1][6] It consists of a 260 km (160 mi) long chain of four major elongated shield volcano complexes that were originally interpreted to have erupted subglacially under a larger Antarctic ice sheet. Later studies showed that they erupted in a subaerial environment instead.[1]
Volcanoes
- Adare Peninsula
- Hanson Peak
- Hargreaves Peak
- Coulman Island
- Hawkes Heights
- Daniell Peninsula
- Mount Brewster
- Mount Lubbock
- Mount Prior
- Tousled Peak
- Hallett Peninsula
- Quarterdeck Ridge
- Redcastle Ridge
- Mount Vernon Harcourt
Melbourne Volcanic Province
The Melbourne Volcanic Province is also in northern Victoria Land and forms an arcuate band extending from the Ross Sea coast into the Transantarctic Mountains.[1][6] It consists of large volcanic centres and small but widely distributed basaltic vents.[1]
Volcanoes
- Mount Abbott
- Baker Rocks
- Malta Plateau
- Markham Island
- Mount Melbourne
- Nathan Hills
- Mount Noice
- Mount Overlord
- Parasite Cone
- The Pleiades
- Alcyone Cone
- Mount Pleiones
- Taygete Cone
- Random Hills
- Mount Rittmann
- Shield Nunatak
Erebus Volcanic Province
The Erebus Volcanic Province is in southern Victoria Land.[1][6] It includes marine volcanic centres in the southwest Ross Sea, major volcanic complexes in southern McMurdo Sound and several small basaltic centres in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, as well as along the foothills of the Royal Society Range.[1]
Volcanoes
- Beaufort Island
- Black Island
- Mount Aurora
- Mount Melania
- Brandau Crater
- Brown Peninsula
- Mount Discovery
- Franklin Island
- Mount Morning
- Ross Island
- Mount Bird
- Black Knob
- Boulder Cones
- Castle Rock
- Mount Erebus
- First Crater
- Half Moon Crater
- Observation Hill
- Second Crater
- Mount Terror
- Twin Crater
- White Island
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 978-0-415-97024-2.
- doi:10.1017/S0954102096000181 – via Academia.edu.
- Government of Australia. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
- S2CID 128623239.
- ^ Lanyon, Ruth (1994). Mantle reservoirs and mafic magmatism associated with the break-up of Gondwana: the Balleny Plume and the Australian-Antarctic discordance: U-Pb zircon dating of a Proterozoic mafic dyke swarm in the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica (PhD). La Trobe University. p. 165.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4020-8406-5.