Mercurio Bua
Mercurio Bua | |
---|---|
Nafplion | |
Died | unknown (around 1542) Treviso |
Rank | condottiero (stratioti captain) |
Battles/wars |
Mercurio Bua (
Life
Born in
As accounted by Giovanni Andrea Saluzzo, Lord of
Due to his martial prowess, he was eventually made Count of Aquino and Roccasecca.[4]
A letter written by Bua has survived. He wrote it in June 17, 1506 and directed to the treasury administration of the court of France as the capitaine de cent hommes de guerre de cheval albanoys ("Captain of 100 Albanian cavalrymen and men-of-war") in relation to the payment of his company.[12]
Mercurio Bua died in Treviso, (Italy) between 1542-45, where earlier he served as captain of a unit of 50 soldiers.[14] He is buried in Santa Maria Maggiore in the same city near the tomb of his wife. In 1562 a marble monument was erected on his tomb, made by Antonio Lombardo. In 1637 the following inscription was made on the monument:
Mercurio Bua Comiti E. Principibus Peloponnesi
Epirotarum Equitum Ductori,
Anno Salu. MDCXXXVII.
Which means "To Count Mercurio Bua, Prince of Peloponnesus, Leader of the Epirote Horsemen, Year of our Salvation, 1637". The monument also lists some of his military career.[15][16]
Marriages and children
His first marriage was in 1519 with Maria Boccali, the daughter of Niccolò Boccali.[17] The Boccali came from the Morea and were related to branches of Skanderbeg's family and of the Arianiti family,[18] as well as the Byzantine imperial family of the Palaiologi.[19] The Boccali too provided for generations very valiant and loyal fighters to Venice.[18] Maria always lived in Venice, even when Mercurio served the Holy Roman Empire.[17] Maria died in 1524 leaving one son with the name Flavio. She was buried in Santa Maria di Treviso. In 1525 Mercurio married Elisabetta, daughter of Alvise Balbi. With her Mercurio had four children: Helena Maria, Curio, Polyxena and Alessandro. Elizabeth died in or before 1528.[4]
In culture
The life of Bua had been dramatised in the works of Tzanes Koronaios (Zanetto Coroneo). Koronaios, who had been stradiotti-troubadour of Zantiote origin, was a companion of Mercurio Bua.[20] In his work, a long epic poem in vernacular Greek on the exploits, bravery and military victories of Mercurio Bua, Koronaios gives Bua's mythological pedigree, which includes Achilles, Alexander the Great and Pyrrhus.[21] A possible answer on why this work was written in Greek and not in Italian or even medieval Albanian would be that the close environment of Mercurio Bua spoke primarily Greek, retained its Byzantine traditions and cultural identity.[22] In this work he was praised as "chosen among the Hellenes" or in another verse as "rampart of the Albanians"[23] This poem was found in a manuscript in Italy and was published partially by C. Hopf and in its entirety by Constantine Sathas. It was written in 1519 when Koronaios was in Venice and refers to Bua's history till 1517. It consists of about 4.500 rhyming verses and contains valuable historical information. Koronaios wrote and sent to Bua also a smaller poem (“pittakion”) of about 125 verses in Greek language, too.[24][25]
Another mention of a Mercurio Bua exists in the Histoire des guerres civiles de France by
Sources
Citations
- ISBN 88-09-01771-4.
- ^ Institutul de Istorie și Arheologie "A.D. Xenopol." (1987). Anuarul Institutului de Istorie și Arheologie "A.D. Xenopol.". Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România. p. 91.
Intre acestia, un loc insemnat 1-a ocupat Mercurio Buia, ajuns la inceputul secolului XVI in serviciul imparatului Maximilian de Habsburg, care l-a primit in rindul contilor imperiului. ... Familiei Buia (Bua)...
; Magazin istoric. 1994. p. 62.Mercurio Buia („Bua" — socotit „albanez") a dobândit în serviciul împăratului Maximilian de Habsburg
; Valente, Francesca (28 September 2014). "San Girolamo Emiliani sarà patrono di Quero Vas". Corriere delle Alpi. Retrieved 1 June 2020.Il 27 agosto dello stesso anno il forte fu raggiunto da 3 mila fanti francesi inviati da Jacques de La Palice (proprio l'ispiratore dell'aggettivo "lapalissiano") che guidati dal capitano di ventura Mercurio Buia conquistarono la fortezza, uccidendo tutti i soldati nemici, tranne Girolamo e due capitani bellunesi.
; (Bujduveanu 1997, p. 91):"1495 = Familia Buia a dat din acest an până la finele secolului al XVI-lea opt căpitani de armatoli. Mercuriu Buia trece în Italia cu vreo..."; (Giurescu & Giurescu 1976, pp. 395, 405):"Familia Buia a dat de la 1495 pînă la finele secolului al XVI-lea nu mai puţin de opt căpitani, dintre care Mercuriu Buia a avut o deosebită însemnătate....Buia, Mercuriu - capitan". - ^ Floristán 2019, p. 10
- ^ a b c d Ricciardi Maria Luisa (1989) Lorenzo Lotto, "Il Gentiluome della Galleria Borghese", Artibus et Historiae, vol. 10, No 19, p. 96. Available through JSTOR.)
- ^ Sathas, Konstantinos (1867). Hellenika anekdota (1 ed.). University of Crete Library: Τύποις του Φωτός. pp. 5–9.
- ^ Gramaticopolo 2016, p. 47: "Pietro Bua, di nobile famiglia albanese trapiantata nel Peloponneso, considerato dalla comunità albanese della regione come loro capo dopo la caduta del despotato di Morea."
- ^ Floristán 2019, p. 10: "Dalle notizie del 1457, conosciamo i fratelli Alessio e Giovanni Bua uno dei quali fu padre di Pietro Bua, a sua volta padre di Mercurio Bua, famoso condottiero e capitano degli stradioti nei primi decenni del sec. XVI."
- ISBN 978-88-222-5147-3.
as the greek condottiere Mercurio Bua who was resident in Treviso
- ^ Bugh, Glenn Richard (2002). "Andrea Gritti and the Greek Stradiots of Venice in the Early 16th Century". Thēsaurismata tou Hellēnikou Institoutou Vyzantinōn kai Metavyzantinōn Spoudōn: 93. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
In any case , there is no evidence to disprove Barbarigo ' s testimony that Teodoro Paleologo , 54 perhaps the most famous Greek stradiot - captain ( outside of Mercurio Bua )
- ^ Romano, Roberto. "a produzione letteraria di Jacopo Trivolis, nobile veneto-corfiota" (PDF). Porphyra. p. 81. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
al capitano greco-albanese Mercurio Bua
- ^ Comba 2005, p. 177:"Giovanni Andrea Saluzzo Castellar, egli stesso condomino di numerosi feudi, fiero della sua consanguineità col marchese, e contemporaneamente uomo di corte (...uomo di fiducia di Ludovico II...)"; p. 218: "Giovanni Andrea Saluzzo di Castellar racconta come alcuni anni dopo, partiti per parteciare alla presa di Novara, lui stesso e il marchese..."; p. 302: "L'autore narra anche un episodio del giugno 1500 che lo riguarda personalmente: la liberazione di Mercurio Bua Albanese, capitano di 500 stradiotti arruolato dal duca di Milano, preso a Novara insieme al Moro da tale Duncan scozzese. Tradotto nelle prigioni private del Castellar per alcune settimane, fece amicizia con il suo carceriere."
- ^ Xhufi 2013, p. 8.
- ^ Sathas, Konstantinos (1867). Hellenika anekdota (1 ed.). University of Crete Library: Τύποις του Φωτός. pp. 5–9.
- ^ Zele, Walter (1993). "Note e Documenti". Archivio Veneto: 110.
- ^ Sathas K. (1867), Andragathemata of Bua, by Tzanes Coroneos, Hellenika Anekdota, vol.1, p.123, in Greek language
- ISBN 1-4446-4992-2. [1]
- ^ a b Bassani 2008, p. 159: "...nonché anche le vicende dello stradiota Mercurio Bua, ammogliato in prime nozze anch'egli con una Boccali, Maria, vissuta sempre a Venezia, anche quando Bua militava con gli imperiali.
- ^ a b Bassani 2008, p. 62: "I Bocoli o Boccali provenivano dalla Morea ed erano imparentati con rami della famiglia di Scanderbeg e degli Arianiti. Anch'essi fornirono per generazioni combattenti valorosissimi e fedelissimi a Venezia (oltre ai Peta, ai Renessi e altri)."
- ^ Korre, Katerina (2018). Μισθοφόροι stradioti της Βενετίας: πολεμική και κοινωνική λειτουργία (15ος-16ος αιώνας) (Thesis) (in Greek). Greece: Ionian University. p. 178.
Οι Μπόχαλη συγγένευαν με τους Παλαιολόγους συνεχίζοντας την οικογενειακή πρακτική που ενσωμάτωσε πλήρως τη φάραστην κοινωνική τάξη των τοπικών βυζαντινών αρχόντων
- .
Among such works we find the elegant rhymes of Greek Humanist Michael Tarchaniota Marullus (b. ca. 1458–1500), the heroic poems of Tsanes Koronaios which glorify the famed Albanian commander of the Venetian army, Mercurio Bua (fl. late 15th/early 16th c.), the comprehensive cycles of the oral tradition of Albanian stratiots in Southern Italy and Slavic peasant-fighters from Venetian Dalmatia (uskoci) – but also plays by Italian comedy writers that utilised the stratiot tradition to win the interest of their popular Italian audiences.
- ^ Of the various people called Pyrrhus, the most likely candidates would seem to be the mythological Neoptolemus, son of Achilles and king of Epirus, and the historically-documented King Pyrrhus of Epirus.
- ^ Korre, Katerina (2018). Μισθοφόροι stradioti της Βενετίας: πολεμική και κοινωνική λειτουργία (15ος-16ος αιώνας) (Thesis) (in Greek). Greece: Ionian University. p. 412.
Εντύπωση προκαλεί το γεγονός ότι το έργο γράφτηκε στην ελληνική γλώσσα και όχι στην ιταλική ή ακόμα στη μεσαιωνική αλβανική. Μία απάντηση θα ήταν ότι ο κύκλος του Μερκούρη Μπούα μιλούσε πρωτίστως ελληνικά, είχε βυζαντινή κουλτούρα και πολιτισμικές καταβολές.
- ISBN 978-3-030-16904-6.
Ethnic and confessional boundaries in the early modern Mediterranean could be extraordinary blurred, especially withint the same cultural sphere, and , and for example the Stradiot captain Mercurio Bua was celebrated as "chosen among the Hellenes / rampart of the Albanians" within the same stanza of a poem without anyone seeing anything contradictory about it
- ^ Hopf Charles (1873) Ex Jannis Coronei Rebus a Mercurio Bua gestis, in Chroniques Greco-Romanes, Librairie de Weidmann, Berlin, pp 367- 370. (Contains the first 136 verses).
- ^ Sathas K., chapter A, pp 1-153.
- ^ Davila, Enrico Caterino (1657). Histoire des guerres civiles de France. Vol. 1. Paris. p. 563.
Bibliography
- Comba, Rinaldo, ed. (2005). Ludovico II marchese di Saluzzo: Il governo del marchesato fra guerra, politica e diplomazia. Ludovico II marchese di Saluzzo: condottiero, uomo di stato, mecenate (1475-1504) : atti del convegno : Saluzzo, 10-12 dicembre 2004. Vol. 1. Società per gli studi storici, archeologici ed artistici della provincia di Cuneo. ISBN 9788866250050.
- Floristán, José M. (2019). "Stradioti albanesi al servizio degli Asburgo di Spagna (I): le famiglie albanesi Bua, Crescia e Renesi". Shêjzat – Pleiades (1–2).
- Gramaticopolo, Andrea (2016). Stradioti: alba, fortuna e tramonto dei mercenari greco-albanesi al servizio della Serenissima (in Italian). Soldiershop Publishing. ISBN 9788893270489.
- Bujduveanu, Tănase (1997). Romanitatea balcanică si civilizația aromânilor. Editura Cartea Aromână. ISBN 978-973-97740-3-1.
- Giurescu, Constantin C.; Giurescu, Dinu C. (1976). Istoria Românilor: De la mijlocul secolului al XIV-lea pînă la începutul secolului al XVII lea. Editura științifică.
- Bassani, Lucia Nadin (2008). Migrazioni e integrazione: il caso degli Albanesi a Venezia (1479-1552). Bulzoni. ISBN 978-88-7870-340-7.
- Xhufi, Pëllumb (2013). ""Kombi Shqiptar" - një veshtrim nga mesjeta". Studime Historike. 03–04: 8.