Treviso
Treviso
Trevizo (Venetian) | ||
---|---|---|
Città di Treviso | ||
ISTAT code 026086 | | |
Patron saint | St. Liberalis | |
Saint day | 27 April | |
Website | Official website |
Treviso (US: /treɪˈviːzoʊ/ tray-VEE-zoh,[3] Italian: [treˈviːzo] ⓘ; Venetian: Trevizo [tɾeˈʋizo]) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 84,669 inhabitants (as of September 2017).[4] Some 3,000 live within the Venetian walls (le Mura) or in the historical and monumental center; some 80,000 live in the urban center while the city hinterland has a population of approximately 170,000.
The city is home to the headquarters of clothing retailer
Treviso is also known for being the original production area of
History
Ancient era
Some believe that Treviso derived its name from the
Tarvisium, then a city of the Veneti, became a municipium in 89 BC after the Romans added Cisalpine Gaul to their dominions. Citizens were ascribed to the Roman tribe of Claudia. The city lay in proximity of the Via Postumia, which connected Opitergium to Aquileia, two major cities of Roman Venetia during Ancient and early medieval times. Treviso is rarely mentioned by ancient writers, although Pliny writes of the Silis, that is the Sile River, as flowing ex montibus Tarvisanis.
During the Roman period, Christianity spread to Treviso. Tradition records that St.
Early Middle Ages
Treviso went through a demographic and economic decline similar to the rest of Italy after the fall of the
Charlemagne made it the capital of a border march, i.e. the Marca Trevigiana, which lasted for several centuries.
Middle Ages
Treviso joined the
Treviso notary and physician Oliviero Forzetta was an avid collector of antiquities and drawings; the collection was published in a catalog in 1369, the earliest such catalog to survive to this day.[12]
Venetian rule
After a Scaliger domination in 1329–1339, the city gave itself to the
French and Austrian rule
Treviso was taken in 1797 by the French under
20th century and later
During World War I, Treviso held a strategic position close to the Austrian front. Just north, the Battle of Vittorio Veneto helped turn the tide of the War.
During World War II, one of several
The city suffered several bombing raids during World War II.[14] A large part of the medieval structures of the city center were destroyed—including part of the Palazzo dei Trecento, later rebuilt—causing the death of about 1,600 people.[15]
In January 2005, a bomb enclosed in a candy egg and attributed to the so-called Italian Unabomber detonated on a Treviso street.[16]
Geography
Treviso stands at the confluence of
Climate
Climate in Treviso has mild differences between highs and lows, and has adequate rainfall year-round. The
Climate data for Treviso (Treviso Airport) (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 16.3 (61.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
24.6 (76.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
33.4 (92.1) |
38.5 (101.3) |
37.4 (99.3) |
40.0 (104.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
28.0 (82.4) |
24.6 (76.3) |
16.5 (61.7) |
40.0 (104.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.7 (58.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
27.7 (81.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
25.0 (77.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
8.8 (47.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.3 (37.9) |
5.0 (41.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
13.4 (56.1) |
18.4 (65.1) |
22.4 (72.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
0.6 (33.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
5.5 (41.9) |
0.8 (33.4) |
9.3 (48.7) |
Record low °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
1.6 (34.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.9 (49.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 45.24 (1.78) |
50.88 (2.00) |
59.95 (2.36) |
76.33 (3.01) |
99.16 (3.90) |
83.01 (3.27) |
71.91 (2.83) |
73.04 (2.88) |
97.74 (3.85) |
78.03 (3.07) |
94.15 (3.71) |
63.90 (2.52) |
893.34 (35.17) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.43 | 5.20 | 5.80 | 8.53 | 9.07 | 8.21 | 6.89 | 6.59 | 6.86 | 6.83 | 8.36 | 6.41 | 84.18 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
77.60 | 73.84 | 70.51 | 70.10 | 69.81 | 69.54 | 68.04 | 68.09 | 70.55 | 75.74 | 79.09 | 78.67 | 72.63 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | 0.16 (32.29) |
0.72 (33.30) |
4.03 (39.25) |
7.81 (46.06) |
12.41 (54.34) |
16.24 (61.23) |
17.94 (64.29) |
17.81 (64.06) |
14.07 (57.33) |
10.57 (51.03) |
6.10 (42.98) |
1.37 (34.47) |
9.10 (48.38) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 153.76 | 166.88 | 196.23 | 200.10 | 245.83 | 248.10 | 293.57 | 260.40 | 204.90 | 166.47 | 132.00 | 151.28 | 2,419.52 |
Source: NOAA[18] |
Government
Architecture
- The Late Romanesque–Early Gothic church of San Francesco, built by the Francesco.
- The Loggia dei Cavalieri, an example of Treviso's Romanesque influenced by Byzantine forms. It was built under the podestà Andrea da Perugia (1276) as a place for meetings, talks and games, although reserved only to the higher classes.
- Piazza dei Signori (Lords' Square), with the Palazzo di Podestà (later 15th century).
- Church of San Nicolò, a mix of 13th-century Venetian Romanesque and French Gothic elements. The interior has a nave and two aisles, with five Santo Peranda can be seen. Noteworthy is also the fresco of St Christopher on the eastern side of the church, which is the most ancient depiction in glassin Europe.
- Cathedral is dedicated to St Peter. It was once a small church built in the Late Roman era, to which later were added a crypt and the Santissimo and Malchiostro Chapels (1520). After the numerous later restorations, only the gate remains of the original Roman edifice. The interior houses works by Il Pordenone and Titian (Malchiostro Annunciation) among others. The edifice has seven domes, five over the nave and two closing the chapels.
- Palazzo dei Trecento, built in the 13th–14th centuries.
- Piazza Rinaldi. It is the seat of three palaces of the Rinaldi family, the first built in the 12th century after their flight from Frederick Barbarossa. The second, with unusual ogival arches in the loggia of the first floor, is from the 15th century. The third was added in the 18th century.
- Ponte di Pria (Stone Bridge), along the city walls, where River Botteniga divides into the three channels that cross the city center (Cagnan Grande, Cagnan di Mezzo, Roggia).
- il Pozzoserrato.
- Teatro Mario Del Monaco, the main theatre and opera house of the city. It was built in 1869 to designs by Andrea Scala which kept the theatre's original facade. The internal decorations were by the painter Federico Andreotti and the sculptor Fausto Asteo.[19]
- Ponte Dante (Dante Bridge) crosses the narrow Cagnan river at the point where it flows into the Sile. This place was mentioned by Dante Alighieri in the third part of the Divine Comedy ("Paradise"). The bridge was named after the great Italian poet in 1865.[20]
Parks and gardens
- Giardino Fenologico "Alessandro Marcello"
- Orto Botanico Conservativo Carlo Spegazzini, a botanical garden
- Orto Botanico Conservativo Francesco Busnello, another botanical garden
Education
Universities
As early as 1231 the city was looking for a doctor able to teach a course in Treviso, but it was not until 1269 that the canon Florio de' Dovari of Cremona was appointed, probably the first professor of law. In 1313-1314, it is recorded that the municipality guaranteed the presence of two Law professors, an ordinary and an extraordinary one, a third professor to teach Canonic Law and a fourth to teach Medicine. Even though the city had its own university in the Middle Ages, only in recent times the University of Padua, Ca' Foscari and the IUAV of Venice established their own university campuses, giving once again the status of "university city" to Treviso. Classes are held at the former hospital of Battuti and the former Military District. In 2015 the University IUAV of Venice closed its campuses in Treviso, moving its degree courses to Venice.
Culture
Libraries
The public library has five locations, three of which are located in the city center.[21] There are also some private foundations, such as the documentation center of the Fondazione Benetton Studi e Ricerche with a library annex,[22] at Palazzo Caotorta, the Biblioteca Capitolare and the Biblioteca del Seminario. The Liceo Canova also has an interesting library on the ground floor of its main headquarters, in Via San Teonisto.
Museums
In addition to various museums, the city also offers important exhibition areas such as Palazzo dei Trecento, the city council's headquarters, Ca' dei Carraresi, owned by the Fondazione Cassamarca, and Palazzo Bomben, the headquarters of the Fondazione Benetton Studi e Ricerche.[23]
- The Civic Museums, inaugurated in 1879 with the name of Museo Trivigiano (Trivigiano Museum), are today divided into three locations: the Bailo Museum, which reopened in autumn 2015 after a renovation initiated in 2003 and named after Luigi Bailo, the founder and first curator; the Santa Caterina complex; the Ca' da Noal complex, Casa Robegan and Casa Karwath, acquired in 1935 by the municipality.[24] The various sections preserve artifacts found in the city itself or in the surrounding areas, dating from the second millennium BC. to the Early Middle Ages, works of art from the Renaissance to the twentieth century (Giovanni Bellini, Paris Bordon, Lorenzo Lotto, Tiziano, Rosalba Carriera, Giambattista and Giandomenico Tiepolo, Francesco Guardi, Pietro Longhi, Medoro Coghetto, Sante Cancian, Guglielmo Ciardi, Arturo Martini, Francesco Podesti, Gino Rossi).
- Museo nazionale Collezione Salce, inaugurated in 2017, contains the collection of posters by Nando Salce, donated to the state at his death in 1962, and now kept at the Santa Margherita Complex, while the museum seat is the Complex of San Gaetano, which displays in rotation the graphic materials in temporary exhibitions.[25]
- Ethnographic Provincial Museum, inaugurated in 2002 and set up in the rural architectural complex of the Piavone Houses, whose original nucleus dates back to the late seventeenth century, is located within the Natural Park of the Storga River, on the northern outskirts of Treviso. The various buildings, restored and transformed into a multifunctional structure, are also home to the Treviso Folk Group, dedicated to the protection and the promotion of the local culture.[26]
- Diocesan Museum, inaugurated in 1988, the museum is housed in the building commonly called the Old Canons (12th century), the ancient seat of the canons of the Cathedral of Saint Peter the Apostle.[27]
- Museums of the Episcopal Seminary, in the suppressed Dominican convent annexed to the Church of San Nicolò, seat since 1840 of the Episcopal Seminary, where there are the collections of the Zoological Museum named after Giuseppe Scarpa, doctor in Natural Science who donated in 1914 his own animal collection, and the Ethnographic Museum of the Venezuelan Indios (Piaroa, Makiritare, Panare, Warao and Motilon), founded thanks to the contribution of the priest Dino Grossa.[28]
Cuisine
Going in order, the most typical appetizer is the soppressa, a soft cured meat cut into thick slices, usually accompanied by polenta and radicchio. Among the first courses, the "risi" (with liver or accompanied by seasonal vegetables such as asparagus, radicchio, peas or "bisi"...) and soups (in particular the simple capon broth with tortellini, the bean soup and the sopa coada) can be mentioned. As for the main course, feathered game and poultry stand out: roasted guinea fowl with "pevarada" (a sauce made with liver and anchovy paste), boiled chicken, goose (often seasoned with celery), spit roasted duck and capon stew.
There is also fresh-water fish and in particular eel, "bisatto" in dialect, fried or stewed with polenta, fresh-water shrimp, trout and codfish (in Treviso and in the Triveneto commonly called "baccalà"). Even vegetables are often protagonists of the Trevisan table, and in particular, the famous Red Radicchio of Treviso. Although the province is rich in cheeses (Montasio, Asiago, Taleggio, Morlacco), the most typical is perhaps the soft Casatella of Treviso, a fresh cheese with protected designation of origin status prepared with pasteurized cow's milk.
Among the most cultivated fruits in the province are the Marrone of Combai, cherries, especially from the Hills of Asolo, and grapes. The most characteristic dessert is definitely the Tiramisù, which according to the tradition was prepared for the first time in the restaurant "Alle Beccherie".[29] Other desserts that can be cited are the "Fregolotta" cake and seasonal desserts such as frittelle, crostoli and castagnole for Carnival, the Easter "fugassa con le mandorle", the Favette dei Morti. The most famous white wine is certainly Prosecco, and in addition to it, the Tocai, the Verduzzo and those made with white, grey Pinot and Chardonnay grapes as far as white wines are concerned and Cabernet, Merlot, Pinot noir and Raboso as far as red wines are concerned.[30]
Sports
Treviso is home to several notable Italian sport teams, thanks to the presence of the Benetton family, who owns and sponsors:
- .
- Benetton (rugby union), winner of 15 scudetti, playing at the Monigo stadium. Benetton is one of two Italian teams that compete in the URC, alongside existing teams from Ireland, Scotland, Wales and South Africa.
- Benetton Basket, winner of 5 scudetti, playing at the Palaverde.
The local
Treviso is a popular stop on the professional cyclo-cross racing circuit and served as the site of the 2008 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships.
Treviso is a popular area for cycling enthusiasts. From the city center there is an cycling path along the Sile river with connecting paths all the way to Jesolo, a seaside resort on the Adriatic sea. For road cyclists, Treviso is also a starting/finishing point for tours to the Montello hill and further into the hills of the area around Conegliano and Valdobbiadene.
Transportation
Treviso Centrale railway station has Trenitalia trains to Venice, Padua, Belluno, Portogruaro, Vicenza, Udine and Trieste.
MOM is the major transport company in the city and provides for urban and suburban services in the Province of Treviso.
Notable people
- Baduila, Ostrogothic king (ruled 541–552)
- Pope Benedict XI (1240–1304)
- Luciano Benetton (born 1935), chairman of the Benetton Group
- Gloria Aura Bortolini (born 1982), journalist, photographer and filmmaker
- Mario Botter (1896–1978), frescos restorer, superintended of monuments, art writer
- Pierre Cardin (1922–2020), fashion designer
- Giuliano Carmignola (born 1951), violinist
- Alessandro Del Piero (born 1974), footballer
- Francesco Tullio Altan (born 1942), professionally known as Altan, comics artist and satirist.
- Angelo Ephrikian (1913–1982), musicologist and violinist
- Laura Efrikian (born 1940), actress and television personality
- Leonora Fani (born 1954), film actress
- Arturo Martini (1889–1947), sculptor
- Giovanni Masutto (1830–1894), musicologist and flautist
- Marius Mitrea, (born 1982), rugby union referee
- Marco Paolini (born 1956), stage actor
- Diletta Rizzo Marin (born 1984), opera singer and model
- Antonino Rocca (1921–1977), professional wrestler with the WWE he was the WWF International Heavyweight Championship 1959-1963
- Simone Tempestini (born 1994), Romanian rally driver
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Treviso is
- Orléans, France[31]
- Timișoara, Romania[31]
- Curitiba, Brazil[32]
- Neuquén, Argentina
- Griffith, Australia
- Guelph, Canada
See also
- Treviso Arithmetic, a textbook of commercial mathematics published by an anonymous author in the 15th century
References
- ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Treviso". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ^ "Data at Istat website". Archived from the original on 23 April 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ Kafka, Barbara (21 December 1988). "Radicchio: Tasty but So Misunderstood". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
The radicchio that Italians eat most often is Treviso.
- ^ Pavan, Camillo (2013). Sull'origine del radicchio rosso di Treviso: La leggenda di Van den Borre e la scoperta di Tiziano Tempesta. Treviso. p. 6.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ online, Redazione. "Crisi, chiude il ristorante dove nacque la prima ricetta del "Tiramisù"". Corriere del Veneto (in Italian). Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ "Storia di Treviso". Comune di Treviso. 17 August 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
- ^ "Chronotaxis". Diocesi di Treviso (in Italian). Diocese of Treviso. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
- ^ Enciclopedia Italiana. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
- ^ a b c Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Taylor, F. H. (1948). The Taste of Angels: a history of art collecting from Rameses to Napoleon Archived 11 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Boston: Little, Brown. p. 43. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- ^ See Wikipedia page Veneto
- Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Archivedfrom the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ La mostra Treviso il 7 aprile 1944
- ^ Popham, Peter (27 January 2005). "Italian 'Unabomber' uses child's chocolate egg to hide explosive". The Independent. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- ^ "Climate Summary for Treviso, Italy". Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Treviso". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ISBN 1461706785
- ^ K, Ann (13 April 2022). "What to see in Treviso in 1 day or more in 2022?". good TIME for TRIP. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
- ^ "Biblioteche Comunali Treviso". www.bibliotecatreviso.it. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ "Biblioteca". Fondazione Benetton Studi Ricerche (in Italian). Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ "Spazi Bomben". Fondazione Benetton Studi Ricerche (in Italian). Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ srl, Q.-Web. "Musei Civici di Treviso". Sito di Musei Civici Treviso (in Italian). Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ "Salce 1.0 - Soprintendenza SBSAE Venezia". www.collezionesalce.beniculturali.it. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ S.p.A, e-ntRA- CMS per siti accessibili- http://www e-ntra it/- Ra Computer. "Home Page". museo.provincia.treviso.it. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ "Diocesan Museum". www3.diocesitv.it. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ "Musei Civici di Treviso". Marcadoc (in Italian). 26 April 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ "Home". tiramesu (in Italian). Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ "Cantine di Marca". Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ a b "comuni-italiani.it". Archived from the original on 14 June 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
- ^ "Câmara recebe delegação sul-coreana". CÂMARA MUNICIPAL CURITIBA (in Portuguese). Câmara Municipal de Curitiba. 24 July 2007. Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
Bibliography
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 256.