War of the League of Cognac
| War of the League of Cognac | |||||||
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| Part of the Siege of Florence , 1530, fought during the War of the League of Cognac | |||||||
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The War of the League of Cognac (1526–30) was fought between the
Prelude
Shocked by the defeat of the
Initial moves
The League quickly seized the town of Lodi, but Imperial troops marched into Lombardy and soon forced Sforza to abandon Milan.[2] Meanwhile, the powerful Colonna family organized an attack on Rome to exploit the Papacy's moment of weakness, defeating the Papal forces and briefly seizing control of the city in September 1526. They were soon paid off and left the city[3]
Sack of Rome
Charles V now gathered a force of 14,000 German
Siege of Naples
The looting of Rome, and the consequent removal of Clement from any real role in the war, prompted frantic action on the part of the French. On 30 April 1527, Henry VIII and Francis signed the Treaty of Westminster, pledging to combine their forces against Charles. Francis, having finally drawn Henry VIII into the League, sent an army under
Siege of Genoa
Doria, however, soon deserted the French for Charles. The siege collapsed as plague broke out in the French camp, killing most of the army along with Foix and Navarro. Andrea Doria's offensive in Genoa (where he soon broke the blockade of the city and forced the surrender of the French at Savona), together with the decisive defeat of a French relief force under François de Bourbon, Comte de Saint-Pol at the Battle of Landriano, ended Francis's hopes of regaining his hold on Italy.[6]
Barcelona, Cambrai, and Bologna
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Following the defeat of his armies, Francis sought peace with Charles. The negotiations began in July 1529 in the border city of
Charles, having arrived in Genoa, proceeded to
Fall of the Florentine Republic
The
Notes
- ^ Guicciardini, History of Italy, 369.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 60.
- ^ Guicciardini, History of Italy, 372–375.
- ^ Guicciardini, History of Italy, 376.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 61.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 63.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 68; Hackett, Francis the First, 356.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 67.
- ^ Norwich, History of Venice, 443–444.
- ^ Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 64.
References
- Arfaioli, Maurizio. The Black Bands of Giovanni: Infantry and Diplomacy During the Italian Wars (1526–1528). Pisa: Pisa University Press, Edizioni Plus, 2005. ISBN 88-8492-231-3.
- Baumgartner, Frederic J. Louis XII. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994. ISBN 0-312-12072-9.
- ISSN 1040-5992.
- ISBN 0-340-73110-9.
- ISBN 0-691-00800-0.
- Hackett, Francis. Francis the First. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1937.
- Hall, Bert. Weapons and Warfare in Renaissance Europe: Gunpowder, Technology, and Tactics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-8018-5531-4.
- Hibbert, Christopher. Florence: The Biography of a City. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1993. ISBN 0-393-03563-8.
- Konstam, Angus. Pavia 1525: The Climax of the Italian Wars. Oxford: ISBN 1-85532-504-7.
- ISBN 0-679-72197-5.
- Oman, Charles. A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century. London: Methuen & Co., 1937.
- Phillips, Charles and Alan Axelrod. Encyclopedia of Wars. 3 vols. New York: Facts on File, 2005. ISBN 0-8160-2851-6.