Miles Davis Quintet

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
An early iteration of the "Second Great Quintet" performing in Antibes,
c. July 1963. From left: Ron Carter, Davis, and Tony Williams.[a]

The Miles Davis Quintet was an American jazz band from 1955 to early 1969 led by Miles Davis. The quintet underwent frequent personnel changes toward its metamorphosis into a different ensemble in 1969. Most references pertain to two distinct and relatively stable bands: the First Great Quintet from 1955 to 1959, and the Second Great Quintet from late 1964 to early 1969, Davis being the only constant throughout.

First Great Quintet/Sextet (1955–59)

In the summer of 1955, after Davis performed at the

drums.[2] By the autumn, Rollins had left to deal with his heroin addiction, and later in the year joined the hard bop quintet led by Clifford Brown and Max Roach.[3]

At the recommendation of drummer Jones, Davis replaced Rollins with

sessions for Prestige Records resulting in four albums collected on The Legendary Prestige Quintet Sessions
.

In mid-1958, Bill Evans replaced Garland on piano and Jimmy Cobb replaced Jones on drums, but Evans only remained for about six months, in turn replaced by Wynton Kelly as 1958 turned into 1959.[5] This group backing Davis, Coltrane, and Adderley, with Evans returning for the recording sessions, recorded Kind of Blue, considered "one of the most important, influential and popular albums in jazz".[6] Adderley left the band in September 1959 to pursue his own career, returning the line-up to a quintet.[7] Coltrane departed in the spring of 1960, and after interim replacements Jimmy Heath and Sonny Stitt, Davis plus Kelly, Chambers, and Cobb continued through 1961 and 1962 with Hank Mobley on tenor sax.[8]

The two rhythm sections from the Davis Quintet also gained attention in their own right. Garland, Chambers, and Jones recorded as a unit on

Art Pepper meets The Rhythm Section and Sonny Rollins' Tenor Madness, while Kelly, Chambers, and Cobb toured and recorded as a trio under Kelly's name, in addition to appearing on the albums Coltrane Jazz and the solo debut of Wayne Shorter, as well as backing Wes Montgomery on Full House and Smokin' at the Half Note. The Kelly-Chambers-Cobb trio also backed Art Pepper on the album Gettin' Together, which included trumpeter Conte Candoli
.

Second Great Quintet (1964–68)

Mobley, Kelly, Chambers, and Cobb all left Davis by the end of 1962, and during 1963 he struggled to maintain a steady line-up. By the late spring, he had hired the core of the Second Quintet with Herbie Hancock on piano, Ron Carter on bass, and Tony Williams on drums.[9] Initially with George Coleman or Sam Rivers on tenor sax, the final member of the quintet arrived in late 1964 when saxophonist Wayne Shorter joined.

The performance style of the Second Great Quintet was often referred to by Davis as "time, no changes", incorporating elements of free jazz without completely surrendering to the approach. This allowed the five musicians to simultaneously contribute to the group as equals at times, rather than to always follow the established pattern of having the group leader and then the backing musicians perform unrelated solos.[10] This band recorded the albums E.S.P., Miles Smiles, Sorcerer, Nefertiti, Miles in the Sky, and Filles de Kilimanjaro, and the live set considered by The Penguin Guide to Jazz to be their crowning achievement, The Complete Live at the Plugged Nickel 1965.

When Davis began to become more interested in the

Josef Zawinul to Weather Report; John McLaughlin and Billy Cobham to the Mahavishnu Orchestra; Hancock and Bennie Maupin to Headhunters; and Chick Corea, Airto Moreira and Lenny White to Return to Forever
.

Columbia/Legacy Recordings released

Freedom Jazz Dance: The Bootleg Series Vol. 5, a collection of previously unreleased tracks recorded by the Second Great Quintet between 1966 and 1968.[12]

Personnel

First Great Quintet (1955–58)
increased to Sextet in 1958 with Cannonball Adderley — alto saxophone

Second Great Quintet (1964–68)

Notes

  1. ^ Also performing with the band at Antibes but not pictured in this image were Herbie Hancock and George Coleman.

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-19-532266-8
    , pp. 44-45.
  2. ^ Cook, p. 45.
  3. ISBN 0-472-10161-7
    , p. 98.
  4. ^ Cook, p. 46.
  5. ^ Cook, pp. 93-95, 110.
  6. ^ "500 Greatest Albums of All Time" Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
  7. ^ Cook, p. 123.
  8. ^ Cook, pp. 128-30.
  9. ^ Cook, pp. 145-149.
  10. ^ Cook, p. 168.
  11. ^ Cook, p. 197, 203.
  12. ^ "Miles Davis Quintet - Freedom Jazz Dance: The Bootleg Series Vol. 5 To Be Released October 21 | Miles Davis". Miles Davis. 2016-08-18. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
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