Chick Corea

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Chick Corea
Corea in 2019
Corea in 2019
Background information
Birth nameArmando Anthony Corea
Born(1941-06-12)June 12, 1941
Chelsea, Massachusetts, U.S.
DiedFebruary 9, 2021(2021-02-09) (aged 79)
Tampa, Florida, U.S.
Genres
Occupation(s)
  • Musician
  • composer
  • bandleader
Instrument(s)
Years active1962–2021[1]
Labels
Websitechickcorea.com

Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea (June 12, 1941 – February 9, 2021) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader and occasional percussionist.[2][3] His compositions "Spain", "500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba" and "Windows" are widely considered jazz standards.[4] As a member of Miles Davis's band in the late 1960s, he participated in the birth of jazz fusion. In the 1970s he formed Return to Forever.[3] Along with McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock and Keith Jarrett, Corea is considered to have been one of the foremost pianists of the post-John Coltrane era.[5]

Corea continued to collaborate frequently while exploring different musical styles throughout the 1980s and 1990s. He won 27 Grammy Awards and was nominated more than 70 times for the award.[6]

Early life and education

Armando Corea was born in

Dixieland band in Boston in the 1930s and 1940s, introduced him to the piano at the age of four.[11] Surrounded by jazz, he was influenced at an early age by bebop and musicians such as Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Bud Powell, Horace Silver, and Lester Young.[12] He came into possession of a drumset at age 11,[13] and would occasionally play drums for the rest of his career.[14]

Corea developed his piano skills while exploring music on his own. A notable influence was concert pianist Salvatore Sullo, from whom Corea began taking lessons at age eight; Sullo introduced him to classical music, helping spark his interest in musical composition.[13]

Given a black

tuxedo by his father, he started playing gigs while still in high school. He enjoyed listening to Herb Pomeroy's band at the time and had a trio that played Horace Silver's music at a local jazz club. He eventually moved to New York City, where he studied music at Columbia University, then transferred to the Juilliard School. He later dropped out so he could spend more time playing gigs.[8]

Career

Corea in 1976

Corea began his professional recording and touring career in the early 1960s with

Mongo Santamaria, Willie Bobo, Blue Mitchell, Herbie Mann, and Stan Getz. In 1966 he recorded his debut album, Tones for Joan's Bones. In March 1968, he recorded the highly regarded trio album, Now He Sings, Now He Sobs, with drummer Roy Haynes and bassist Miroslav Vitouš.[3]

In the fall of 1968,

Bassist

Circle, with multireedist Anthony Braxton and drummer Barry Altschul. They were active from 1970 to 1971, and recorded on Blue Note and ECM.[16] In 1971, Corea, at the behest of ECM producer Manfred Eicher, began playing solo piano, recording the sessions that became Piano Improvisations Vol. 1 and Piano Improvisations Vol. 2 in April of that year.[17]

Jazz fusion

Corea with Al Di Meola and Return to Forever in Rochester, New York, 1976

Named after their eponymous 1972 album, Corea's Return to Forever band relied on both acoustic and electronic instrumentation and initially drew upon Hispanic music styles more than rock music. On their first two records, the group consisted of Flora Purim on vocals and percussion, Joe Farrell on flute and soprano saxophone, Miles Davis bandmate Airto on drums and percussion, and Stanley Clarke on acoustic double bass.[3] Drummer Lenny White and guitarist Bill Connors later joined Corea and Clarke to form the second version of the group, which blended the earlier Latin music elements with rock and funk-oriented music. This incarnation of the band recorded the album Hymn of the Seventh Galaxy, before Connors' replacement by Al Di Meola, who later played on Where Have I Known You Before, No Mystery and Romantic Warrior.[18]

In 1976, Corea released

Paco De Lucía years later on the Touchstone and Zyryab
albums.

Duet projects

New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival
in 2008

In the 1970s, Corea started working with vibraphonist Gary Burton, with whom he recorded several duet albums for ECM, including 1972's Crystal Silence. They reunited in 2006 for a concert tour. A new record called The New Crystal Silence was issued in 2008 and won a Grammy Award in 2009. The package includes a disc of duets and another disc with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra.

Towards the end of the 1970s, Corea embarked on a series of concerts with fellow pianist Herbie Hancock. These concerts were presented in elegant settings with both artists dressed formally and performing on concert grand pianos. The two played each other's compositions, as well as pieces by other composers such as Béla Bartók, and duets. In 1982, Corea performed The Meeting, a live duet with the classical pianist Friedrich Gulda.

Corea performs with Béla Fleck on March 1, 2008

In December 2007, Corea recorded a duet album, The Enchantment, with banjoist

49th Grammy Awards for the track "Spectacle".[20]

In 2008, Corea collaborated with Japanese pianist Hiromi Uehara on the live album Duet (Chick Corea and Hiromi). The duo played a concert at Tokyo's Budokan arena on April 30.[21]

In 2015, he reprised the duet concert series with Hancock, again sticking to a dueling-piano format, though both now integrated synthesizers into their repertoire. The first concert in this series was at the Paramount Theatre in Seattle and included improvisations, compositions by the duo, and standards by other composers.[22]

Later work

Corea's other bands included the Chick Corea Elektric Band, its trio reduction called “Akoustic Band”, Origin, and its trio reduction called the New Trio. Corea signed a record deal with GRP Records in 1986 which led to the release of ten albums between 1986 and 1994, seven with the Elektric Band, two with the Akoustic Band, and a solo album, Expressions.

The Akoustic Band released a self-titled album in 1989 and a live follow-up, Alive, in 1991, both featuring John Patitucci on bass and Dave Weckl on drums. It marked a return to traditional jazz trio instrumentation in Corea's career, and the bulk of his subsequent recordings have featured acoustic piano.[23]

In 1992, Corea started his own label, Stretch Records.[3]

Chick Corea's 75th birthday. Corea and John McLaughlin, Blue Note Jazz Club, New York City, December 10, 2016.

In 2001, the Chick Corea New Trio, with bassist Avishai Cohen and drummer Jeff Ballard, released the album Past, Present & Futures. The eleven-song album includes only one standard (Fats Waller's "Jitterbug Waltz"). The rest of the tunes are Corea originals. He participated in 1998's Like Minds with old associates Gary Burton on vibraphone, Dave Holland on bass, Roy Haynes on drums, and Pat Metheny playing guitars.

During the later part of his career, Corea also explored contemporary classical music. He composed his first piano concerto—an adaptation of his signature piece "Spain" for a full symphony orchestra—and performed it in 1999 with the London Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2004 he composed his first work without keyboards: his String Quartet No. 1 was written for the Orion String Quartet and performed by them at 2004's Summerfest in Wisconsin.

Corea continued recording fusion albums such as To the Stars (2004) and Ultimate Adventure (2006). The latter won the

Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group
.

In 2008, the third version of Return to Forever (Corea, Stanley Clarke, Lenny White, and Di Meola) reunited for a worldwide tour. The reunion received positive reviews from jazz and mainstream publications.[24] Most of the group's studio recordings were re-released on the compilation Return to Forever: The Anthology to coincide with the tour. A concert DVD recorded during their performance at the Montreux Jazz Festival was released in May 2009. He also worked on a collaboration CD with the vocal group The Manhattan Transfer.

A new group, the

Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts; a New York Times reviewer had high praise for the occasion: "Mr. Corea was masterly with the other musicians, absorbing the rhythm and feeding the soloists. It sounded like a band, and Mr. Corea had no need to dominate; his authority was clear without raising volume."[25]

A new band, Chick Corea & The Vigil, featured Corea with bassist Hadrien Feraud, Marcus Gilmore on drums (carrying on from his grandfather, Roy Haynes), saxes, flute, and bass clarinet from Origin vet Tim Garland, and guitarist Charles Altura.

Corea celebrated his 75th birthday in 2016 by playing with more than 20 different groups during a six-week stand at the Blue Note Jazz Club in Greenwich Village, New York City. "I pretty well ignore the numbers that make up 'age'. It seems to be the best way to go. I have always just concentrated on having the most fun I can with the adventure of music."[26]

Personal life

Corea and his first wife Joanie had two children, Thaddeus and Liana; the marriage ended in divorce. In 1972, Corea married his second wife, vocalist/pianist Gayle Moran.[27][28]

In 1968, Corea read Dianetics, author L. Ron Hubbard's most well-known self-help book, and developed an interest in Hubbard's other works in the early 1970s: "I came into contact with L. Ron Hubbard's material in 1968 with Dianetics and it kind of opened my mind up and it got me into seeing that my potential for communication was a lot greater than I thought it was."[29]

Corea said that Scientology became a profound influence on his musical direction in the early 1970s: "I no longer wanted to satisfy myself. I really want to connect with the world and make my music mean something to people."[30] With Clarke[31] Corea played on Space Jazz: The soundtrack of the book Battlefield Earth, a 1982 album to accompany L. Ron Hubbard's novel Battlefield Earth.[32]

Corea was excluded from a concert during the 1993 World Championships in Athletics in

Stuttgart, Germany. The concert's organizers excluded him after the state government of Baden-Württemberg had announced it would review its subsidies for events featuring avowed members of Scientology.[33][34] After Corea's complaint against this policy before the administrative court was unsuccessful in 1996,[35] members of the United States Congress, in a letter to the German government, denounced the ban as a violation of Corea's human rights.[36] Corea was not banned from performing in Germany, however, and had several appearances at the government-supported International Jazz Festival in Burghausen; he was awarded a plaque on Burghausen's "Street of Fame" in 2011.[37]

Corea died at his home in Tampa, Florida, from a rare cancer on February 9, 2021, shortly after his diagnosis. He was 79.[2][38][8]

Discography

Awards and honors

Corea's 1968 album

Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. In 1997, he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music.[39] In 2010, he was named Doctor Honoris Causa at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).[40]

Grammy Awards

Corea won 27 Grammy Awards and was nominated 71 times for the award.[6]

Year Category Album or song
1976
Best Jazz Performance by a Group
No Mystery (with Return to Forever)
1977
Best Instrumental Arrangement
"Leprechaun's Dream"
1977
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group
The Leprechaun
1979
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group Friends
1980
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group Duet (with Gary Burton)
1982
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group In Concert, Zürich, October 28, 1979 (with Gary Burton)
1989
Best R&B Instrumental Performance "Light Years"
1990
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group Chick Corea Akoustic Band
1999
Best Jazz Instrumental Solo
"Rhumbata" with Gary Burton
2000
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group Like Minds
2001
Best Instrumental Arrangement "Spain for Sextet & Orchestra"
2004
Best Jazz Instrumental Solo "Matrix"
2007
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group The Ultimate Adventure
2007
Best Instrumental Arrangement "Three Ghouls"
2008
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group The New Crystal Silence (with Gary Burton)
2010
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group Five Peace Band Live
2012
Best Improvised Jazz Solo
"500 Miles High"[41]
2012
Best Jazz Instrumental Album Forever
2013
Best Improvised Jazz Solo "Hot House"
2013
Best Instrumental Composition "Mozart Goes Dancing"
2015
Best Improvised Jazz Solo "Fingerprints"
2015
Best Jazz Instrumental Album Trilogy
2020
Best Latin Jazz Album Antidote (with The Spanish Heart Band)
2021
Best Jazz Instrumental Album Trilogy 2 (with Christian McBride and Brian Blade)
2021
Best Improvised Jazz Solo "All Blues"
2022 Best Improvised Jazz Solo "Humpty Dumpty (Set 2)"
2022 Best Latin Jazz Album Mirror Mirror

Latin Grammy Awards

Year Award Album/song
2007
Best Instrumental Album The Enchantment (with Béla Fleck)
2011
Best Instrumental Album Forever (with Stanley Clarke and Lenny White)

References

  1. ^ Yanow, Scott. "Chick Corea". AllMusic. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c Siemaszko, Corky (February 12, 2021). "Jazz Keyboard Virtuoso Chick Corea Dead from Cancer Age 79". NBC.
  3. ^ a b c d e Yanow, Scott. "Chick Corea – Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
  4. ^ "Chick Corea". Blue Note. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
  5. ^ Heckman, Don (August 18, 2001). "Playing in His Key". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  6. ^ a b "Artist: Chick Corea". Grammy.com. Recording Academy. 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2022.
  7. ^ "Today in history". ABC News. Associated Press. June 12, 2014.
  8. ^ a b c Russonello, Giovanni (February 11, 2021). "Chick Corea, Jazz Keyboardist and Innovator, Dies at 79". The New York Times. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  9. ^ "Chick Corea Interview". Marktowns.com. April 28, 2024.
  10. ^ "Musica Jazz, Italy – Chick Corea". Chickcorea.com. June 6, 2018.
  11. ^ "Chick Corea On Piano Jazz". WWNO. January 20, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  12. ^ "Chick Corea". www.arts.gov. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  13. ^ a b Corea, Chick (January–February 1998). "Freedom and Taste" (PDF). Piano & Keyboard (Magazine). Interviewed by Ted Rosenthal. pp. 28–34.
  14. ^ "The Checkout: Steve Gadd Remembers When Chick Corea Gave Him a Lesson On the Drums". WBGO. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  15. ^ a b "Early Years: 1941-71 | Chick Corea". Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  16. ^ Layne, Joslyn. "Circle Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More". AllMusic. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  17. ^ Fordham, John (April 1, 2010). "Chick Corea: Solo Piano, Improvisations and Children's Songs". The Guardian. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  18. ^ Anderson, Geoff (November 15, 2020). "Vinyl Vault—Return to Forever: "Hymn of the Seventh Galaxy"". Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  19. ^ Levine, Doug (April 24, 2007). "Chick Corea, Bela Fleck Collaborate On New CD". VOA News. Voice of America. Archived from the original on January 24, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
  20. ^ "Concord | Independent Music". Concord Entertainment Company. Archived from the original on October 15, 2019. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  21. ^ "Website undergoing maintenance | NME.com". NME. January 26, 2009. Archived from the original on January 26, 2009.
  22. ^ de Barros, Paul (March 15, 2015). "Herbie Hancock, Chick Corea prove masters know how to have fun". The Seattle Times. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
  23. ^ "The Chick Corea Akoustic Band. Jazz San Javier 2018". YouTube. Archived from the original on August 9, 2019.
  24. ^ Chinen, Nate (August 3, 2008). "The Return of Return to Forever". The New York Times. Retrieved April 1, 2010.
  25. ^ Ratliff, Ben (January 23, 2011). "A Jazz Man Returns to His Past". The New York Times. Retrieved June 20, 2013.
  26. ^ "Chick Corea, 75th Birthday Celebration, October 19 thru December 11, 2016," New York: Blue Note
  27. ^ Zimmerman, Brian (August 21, 2019). "On the road with Chick: A jazz globetrotter shares his favorite spots and travel tips". jazziz.com.
  28. ^ "Corea, Chick". Encyclopedia.com.
  29. ^ Corea, Chick (February 13, 2016). "Chick Corea, on The Ultimate Adventure". NPR.org. Retrieved February 13, 2016.
  30. Down Beat
    . October 21, 1976. p. 47. I no longer wanted to satisfy myself. I really want to connect with the world and make my music mean something to people.
  31. ^ Ediriwira, Amar (October 4, 2016). "How L. Ron Hubbard made the craziest jazz record ever". The Vinyl Factory. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  32. ^ Morris, Chris (February 11, 2021). "Chick Corea, jazz fusion pioneer, dies at 79". Variety (obituary). Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  33. ^ "Chick Corea". Laut.de. Biographie bei. Retrieved October 6, 2010.
  34. ^ Bloch, Werner (January 23, 1999). "Chick Corea: Scientology-Zeuge gegen Deutschland: Ein peinlicher Auftritt in Berlin: Chick Coreas Konzert im Namen von Scientology". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). Archived from the original on August 24, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2010.
  35. ^ VGH Baden-Württemberg, Urteil vom 15 Oktober 1996, Aktenzeichen 10 S 176/96
  36. ^ Hennessey, Mike (January 18, 2011). "U.S. lawmakers rip Germany's ban of Corea show". Billboard. Retrieved June 9, 2011 – via Google Books.
  37. ^ Haserer, Wolfgang (January 18, 2011). "Musikalisch unumstritten" (in German). OVB Online. Archived from the original on March 25, 2012. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
  38. Rolling Stone
    (obituary). Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  39. ^ "Chick Corea" (PDF). The Kurland Agency. November 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
  40. ^ "Chick Corea utnevnt til æresdoktor – NRK Trøndelag – NRK Nyheter". Nrk.no. October 27, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
  41. ^ "Indies/And the Nominees Are". Billboard. January 7–21, 2012. pp. 38, 44, 47.

External links