Misterioso (Thelonious Monk album)

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Not to be confused with Monk's 1965 album Misterioso (Recorded on Tour).
Misterioso
A reproduction of Giorgio de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer, featuring a one-eyed figure, architectural forms, and a chalkboard
Live album by
Thelonious Monk Quartet
ReleasedDecember 1958
RecordedAugust 7, 1958
VenueFive Spot Café (New York)
GenreHard bop
Length47:08
LabelRiverside
ProducerOrrin Keepnews
Thelonious Monk albums chronology
Thelonious in Action
(1958) 		Misterioso
(1958) 		The Thelonious Monk Orchestra at Town Hall
(1959)

Misterioso is a 1958

live album by American jazz ensemble the Thelonious Monk Quartet. By the time of its recording, the pianist and bandleader Thelonious Monk had overcome an extended period of career difficulties and achieved stardom with his residency at New York's Five Spot Café, beginning in 1957. He returned there the following year for a second stint with his quartet, featuring drummer Roy Haynes, bassist Ahmed Abdul-Malik, and tenor saxophonist Johnny Griffin. Along with Thelonious in Action
(1958), Misterioso captures portions of the ensemble's August 7 show at the venue.

One of the first successful live recordings of Monk's music, Misterioso was produced by Orrin Keepnews of Riverside Records. According to Keepnews, the pianist played more distinctly here than on his studio albums in response to the audience's enthusiasm during the performance. Misterioso's title was meant to evoke Monk's reputation as an enigmatic, challenging performer, while its cover art was part of Riverside's attempt to capitalize on his popularity with intellectual and bohemian audiences; it appropriated Giorgio de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer.

Misterioso was originally met with a mixed critical reaction; reviewers applauded Monk's performance but were critical of Griffin, whose playing they felt was out of place with the quartet. The album was remastered and reissued in 1989 and 2012 by Original Jazz Classics, and has since received retrospective acclaim, with some viewing Griffin's playing as the record's highlight. The saxophonist's solo during the performance of "In Walked Bud" in particular has developed renown among critics and jazz musicians.

Background

Black and white photograph of a man playing piano
Thelonious Monk in 1961

In 1951,

cabaret card, the permit required by performers in New York for work in nightclubs.[1] Although the loss limited him professionally, he recorded several albums of original music and received positive press during the 1950s. Monk's manager, Harry Colomby, led an appeal on the pianist's behalf in front of the State Liquor Authority (SLA) to have his card restored. Colomby argued to the SLA that Monk was "a drug-free, law-abiding citizen, whose productivity and growing popularity as a recording artist demonstrates his standing as a responsible working musician".[2]

In May 1957, the SLA said Monk needed to get a club owner to hire him first, prompting Colomby to consider the Five Spot Café in New York City's East Village. "I wanted to find a place that was small", he later said. "I once drove past this place in the Village and there was a bar and I heard music ... A place where poets hung out."[3] Joe Termini, who co-owned the venue with his brother Iggy, testified at Monk's police hearing, which resulted in the reinstatement of his cabaret card and his employment at the Five Spot Café.[3] In his first stable job in years, Monk helped transform the small bar into one of the city's most popular venues, as it attracted bohemians, hipsters, and devout fans of the pianist's music. With the residency, he had finally found jazz stardom after twenty years of career struggles and obscurity.[4]

Monk began his first stint at the venue in July 1957, with saxophonist John Coltrane, bassist Ahmed Abdul-Malik, and drummer Shadow Wilson in his group.[5] However, by the time it ended in December, he had lost Wilson to poor health, while Coltrane left in pursuit of a solo career and a return to Miles Davis's group.[6] Monk returned to New York's club scene in 1958 with a new quartet and received an eight-week offer from Joe and Iggy Termini to play the venue again, beginning on June 12.[7] He played most nights during the weekend to capacity crowds with Abdul-Malik, drummer Roy Haynes, and tenor saxophonist Johnny Griffin, who had performed with Monk before.[8] Griffin was unfamiliar with all of his repertoire and, like Coltrane, found it difficult to solo over Monk's comping during their first few weeks. During their performances, Monk often left the stage for a drink at the bar or danced around, which gave Griffin an opportunity to play with more space. However, the quartet eventually developed a sufficient rapport and grasp of the set list.[9]

Recording

The Five Spot Café was located in New York City's Cooper Square (1957).

Orrin Keepnews attempted to record the quartet live at the Five Spot Café on two different occasions in 1958 for his label, Riverside Records. His first recording of the ensemble was of two sets during their July 9 show. Monk was disappointed with the recording and did not allow Riverside to release it, although it was released years later after his death.[9]

Keepnews returned to the venue on August 7 when Monk performed an evening show in the club's overcrowded room, which the producer had set up with recording equipment.[10] It yielded both Misterioso and Thelonious in Action; the latter was released first in 1958.[11] The show was believed to be the first successful live recording of Monk's music, until the recording of his 1957 concert with Coltrane at Carnegie Hall was discovered and released in 2005.[12] The two live albums from the Five Spot Café are the only recordings that document Monk's time with Griffin.[13]

Composition and performance

According to jazz critic

axiomatic that Monk is a constantly self-renewing composer-arranger-musician, that each new recording of an 'old' number, particularly with different personnel, represents a fresh view of it—almost a new composition."[16] In the producer's opinion, Monk played the piano more vividly and less introspectively than on his studio recordings in response to the enthusiastic crowds he drew nightly to the venue.[16]

Johnny Griffin in 2007

On "Nutty", Griffin incorporated

vamp maintained the rhythm while quoting lines from other pieces, including the theme song for the animated Popeye theatrical shorts; he played "The Sailor's Hornpipe" at the end of "Blues Five Spot".[19]

"In Walked Bud"
Monk resumed his piano playing after Griffin's fast-to-moderate saxophone solo during "In Walked Bud", a piece dedicated to Bud Powell.[20]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The quartet began "In Walked Bud" with an eight-bar piano intro and thirty-two-bar form. Griffin began his solo a minute into the performance with saxophone wails. In the third minute, Monk did not play, while Griffin played fast phrases at the top of his register with intermittently slower R&B and free jazz elements. Monk shouted approvingly throughout Griffin's solo before he resumed piano and played a two-minute theme.[13] "Just a Gigolo", a standard, was the only track on the album not composed by Monk, who performed it in a brief, unaccompanied version.[21] It was played as a single chorus repeated at length.[22]

The title track—first recorded for

tonal center, adding a C blue note to the D-flat blue note.[16] Haynes' subdued drumming backed Griffin's aggressive bop playing and extended solo on "Misterioso".[17]

Title and packaging

The Seer by Giorgio de Chirico, 1914–15, oil on canvas, Museum of Modern Art, New York

According to Keepnews, the album and its title track were named as a slight play on the words "mist" and "mystery", meant to evoke the perception of Monk's music as enigmatic and challenging at the time.[16] Jazz critic Neil Tesser said that the word, which is Latin for "in a mysterious manner", was "used most often as a musical direction in classical music scores. But by the time Monk's quartet recorded this music [in 1958] 'Misterioso' had largely come to identify Monk himself."[24]

To capitalize on Monk's popularity with intellectual and bohemian fans from venues such as the Five Spot Café, Riverside released Misterioso and reissues of his older records with designs that appropriated 20th century works of art.[25] The album's cover art is a reproduction of Giorgio de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer, which was originally painted as a tribute to French poet Arthur Rimbaud.[26]

According to Monk biographer Robin Kelley, Rimbaud had "called on the artist to be a seer in order to plumb the depths of the unconscious in the quest for clairvoyance". This led Kelley to believe the painting was the best choice for the album cover. "The one-eyed figure represented the visionary", he explained. "The architectural forms and the placement of the chalkboard evoked the unity of art and science—a perfect symbol for an artist whose music has been called 'mathematical.'"[25] In the opinion of musicologist Robert G. O'Meally, the cover reflected "the mysterious violations of convention of perspective, the silences, and oddly attractive angles (the overall futuristic quality) in Monk's music".[27]

Release and reception

Misterioso was released on

musical development.[22]

Retrospective professional reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
Encyclopedia of Popular Music
[31]
Music Story[citation needed]
MusicHound Jazz5/5[32]
The Penguin Guide to Jazz[33]
PopMatters9/10[34]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[35]
Tom Hull – on the WebA–[36]

In the

The Barnes & Noble Review, wrote that Griffin's tenor solo during "In Walked Bud" remained his "favorite five minutes of recorded music".[38] Liam McManus from PopMatters was less enthusiastic about Griffin's playing, which he believed was occasionally heavy-handed and detracted from the music, but still recommended Misterioso as an exceptional Monk record featuring the pianist in a casual performance with his quartet.[34]

I've recently learned [that the Johnny Griffin solo on 'In Walked Bud'] is more legendary than I'd dreamed—there are jazz musicians who've committed it to memory, I'm told.

— Robert Christgau (2019)[39]

In 1989, Misterioso was

Epistrophy" performed with drummer Art Blakey. Concord vice president Nick Phillips, who produced the reissue series, said Misterioso was "an all-time classic live Thelonious Monk record" and "an indelible snapshot of Monk live in the late '50s."[41] McManus said that as with most reissues of jazz albums, the bonus tracks on Misterioso were valuable and showcased uninhibited performances of Monk's past compositions.[34]

Track listing

All compositions are by Thelonious Monk, except where noted.[16]

Side one

  1. "Nutty" – 5:22
  2. "Blues Five Spot" – 8:11
  3. "Let's Cool One" – 9:16

Side two

  1. "In Walked Bud" – 11:20
  2. "Just a Gigolo" (Irving Caesar and Leonello Casucci) – 2:07
  3. "Misterioso" – 10:52

1989 CD bonus tracks

Sides one and two were combined as tracks 1–6, with the following additional tracks:

  2. "'Round Midnight" – 6:15
  3. "Evidence" – 10:14

2012 CD bonus track

  2. "Bye-Ya" / "Epistrophy (Theme)" – 11:54

Personnel

Release history

Region Date Label Format Catalog
United States 1958[42] Riverside Records stereo
LP
 RLP 1133[43]
mono LP RLP 12–279[43]
United Kingdom 1964[22] RLP 279
United States April 7, 1989[44] Original Jazz Classics
CD
 OJCCD-206-25
May 15, 2012[45] Original Jazz Classics, Concord Music Group CD OJC-33725-02

See also

References

  1. ^ Kelley 2009, pp. 144, 155–56.
  2. ^ Kelley 2009, pp. 158, 225.
  3. ^ a b Kelley 2009, p. 225.
  4. ^ Kelley 2009, p. 1.
  5. ^ Kelley 2009, p. 225; Kelley 2009, p. 1
  6. ^ Kelley 2009, p. 239.
  7. ^ Anon. 1995, p. 70; Kelley 2009, p. 242
  8. ^ Kelley 2009, p. 242; Planer 2002, p. 895; Kelley 2009, p. 243
  9. ^ a b c Kelley 2009, p. 243.
  10. ^ Kelley 2009, p. 243; Anon. 1995, p. 70
  11. ^ Anon. 1995, p. 70.
  12. ^ Anon. 1995, p. 70; Siegel 2005
  13. ^ a b c Christgau 2009.
  14. ^ Giddins 1976, p. 105.
  15. ^ Planer 2002, p. 895; Keepnews 1958
  16. ^ a b c d e f Keepnews 1958.
  17. ^ a b c d e Planer 2002, p. 895.
  18. ^ Keepnews 1958; Fox 1964, p. 118
  19. ^ Planer 2002, p. 895; Fox 1964, p. 118
  20. ^ Christgau 2009; McKnight 2010.
  21. ^ Planer 2002, p. 895; Keepnews 1958
  22. ^ a b c Fox 1964, p. 118.
  23. ^ Gioia 2012, p. 267; Schuller 1958
  24. ^ a b Tesser 2012.
  25. ^ a b Kelley 2009, p. 249.
  26. ^ O'Meally 1997, p. 39; Kelley 2009, p. 249
  27. ^ O'Meally 1997, p. 39.
  28. ^ Anon. 1958, p. 27; Keepnews 1958.
  29. ^ Anon. 1959, p. 56.
  30. ^ Hentoff 1959, p. 115.
  31. ^ Larkin 2007, p. 2005.
  32. ^ Holtje & Lee 1998.
  33. ^ Cook & Morton 2006, p. 927.
  34. ^ a b c McManus 2012.
  35. ^ Swenson 1999, p. 488.
  36. ^ Hull n.d.
  37. ^ Yanow 2001, p. 1334; Gioia 2012, p. 267
  38. ^ Christgau 2005; Christgau 2009
  39. ^ Christgau 2019.
  40. ^ Anon.(b) n.d.
  41. ^ Anon. 2012.
  42. ^ Anon. 1958, p. 41.
  43. ^ a b Anon. 2001, p. 304.
  44. ^ Anon.(c) n.d.
  45. ^ Anon.(d) n.d.

Bibliography

External links

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