NSB Class 71
Class 71 | |
---|---|
Pantograph | |
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) |
NSB Class 71 (
In a three-car configuration, the units weigh 158 tonnes (156 long tons; 174 short tons) and are 82.3 metres (270 ft 0 in) long, with a power output of 2,645 kW (3,547 hp). The units are similar to the
Specifications
The unit is based on the Swedish
Each train has a 2,645 kW (3,550 hp) power output; this is an unusually high power to weight ratio for trains with that maximum speed. The units use the standard Norwegian voltage of 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC. Up to four units can be run in multiple, creating 12-car (or 16-car after the upgrade) trains. However, the trains normally only operate as single or double units, limiting the length to eight cars. End cars are 27.9 m (91 ft 6 in) and weigh 52 t (51 long tons; 57 short tons), while center cars are 26.32 m (86 ft 4 in) and weigh 54 t (53 long tons; 60 short tons). The pantograph is located on the center car. Each unit has 168 seats, that are built modally so that the seating can be reconfigured.[2] The sixteen units cost 1.4 billion kr.[3]
During construction, the weight had increased from 149 to 170 tonnes; to reduce this to 158 tonnes, the original idea of step-free access was discontinued. Instead, a wheelchair lift was installed, but it proved not to work. The area around the doors are step-free from the platform, but within the trains steps must be taken to reach the seating area.[1] The Norwegian Federation of Organisations of Disabled People have criticized Flytoget for ordering identical additional cars that will not ease access for the disabled.[4]
The Class 71 is capable of speeds up to 210 km/h (130 mph), compared to 200 km/h (124 mph) in the original. This speed was chosen to make it possible to get from Oslo Central Station to Oslo Airport, Gardermoen in less than 20 minutes. The signalling system
History
When the
In addition to tests in Sweden, the X2 was tried out on the
In 2007, Flytoget announced that they had ordered a fourth car for each of the units. This increased the capacity of each unit by 40% to 244 seats, and allows the company to manage the annual 10% growth in passengers. The delivery of the fourth cars started in 2008 and were built by Bombardier Transportation, who has bought ADtranz, with the rebuilding scheduled to be completed during 2009.[5] The rebuilding created several challenges for Bombardier, since most of the components used in the class were no longer available. Significant components such as the car body and rectifiers had to be built by Bombardier based on abandoned production lines, and many of the original manufacturers for the interior have become defunct.[6]
From 2010, the Norwegian Rail School operates a simulator center for training motormen. It consists of six mock-ups of the Class 71 driver's cab, and is used both by the school and to train existing Airport Express Train drivers in exceptional circumstances. The simulators were built by Sydac and cost NOK 35 million.[7]
Incidents
The sister trains in service with NSB were prone to technical failures, since they have to operate on hundred-year-old infrastructure on cross-mountain services. The Class 71 has more lenient operating conditions thanks to better infrastructure, and therefore has not been prone to as much malfunction. The only incident to ground all the Class 71 trains occurred on 17 June 2000, after a Class 73-train operated by NSB derailed at Nelaug Station owing to stress on the axles. The Oslo Airport Express Trains were back in service the next day,[8] while the 73-series had to wait another month before returning to service.[9] On 24 January 2004, a Class 71 unit had to be taken out of service due to smoke from a stressed bearing, causing the replacement of the bearings on all units within days.[10]
Several deaths have taken place on the route, but only one due to an accident. In 1999, an employee of the
In 2000 and 2001, Flytoget experienced three derailments with empty trains at Gardermoen; one caused by the engineer falling asleep and two by the train passing a red
References
- ^ ISBN 82-91448-42-6.
- ^ a b Ansethmoen, Ståle (1995). "Flyplasstog til Gardermobanen". På Sporet. 82: 4–5.
- ^ Airport Express Train. "History". Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Norwegian State Council on Disability. "Langt igjen til universell utforming" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 28 May 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
- ^ Flytoget. "Flytoget inngår kontrakt med Bombardier Transportation om kjøp av nye mellomvogner" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 2009-07-03. Retrieved 9 January 2009.
- ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (14 January 2009). "Her er det nye Flytoget". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (22 January 2011). "210 km/t forbi Oslo lufthavn". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 26 January 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
- ^ Norwegian News Agency (18 June 2000). "Utmatting årsak til avsporing" (in Norwegian). Verdens Gang. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Signatur endelig i drift". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 13 July 2000. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Må skifte alle hjullagre i Flytogene" (in Norwegian). Verdens Gang. Norwegian News Agency. 31 January 2005. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Norsk Telegrambyrå (21 February 2001). "Flytoget bøtelagt etter dødsulykke" (in Norwegian). Verdens Gang. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. "Ulykkesstatisktikk 2002" (PDF) (in Norwegian). p. 4. Archived from the original(PDF) on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Verdens Gang (2001-01-26). "- Satt i skinnegangen da toget kom" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Ihlebæk, Jostein; Holm, Per Annar (3 December 2007). "Fullt tog-kaos på Romerike" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. p. 4. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. "Ulykkesstatisktikk 2000" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Flytoget sporet av". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 3 January 2001. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Verdens Gang (20 June 2000). "Sovnet - kræsjet flytoget" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Verdens Gang (14 June 2000). "Flytoget kjørte mot stoppsignal" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. "Ulykkesstatisktikk 2001" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 13 July 2011.[dead link]
External links
Media related to Flytoget type 71 at Wikimedia Commons