Nellie Kim
Nellie Kim | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Women's artistic gymnastics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Club | Spartak Shymkent (Kazakhstan) Soviet Armed Forces sports society Minsk (Byelorussia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medal record
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Korean name | |
Hangul | 김경숙 |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Gim Gyeongsuk |
McCune–Reischauer | Kim Kyŏngsuk |
Nellie Vladimirovna Kim (
Kim worked for a long time as a coach, training several national teams, and judged many major international competitions. As president of the Women's Artistic Gymnastics Technical Committee, she coordinated the introduction of new rules in women's gymnastics, as provided by the new
Early life
Nellie Kim was born in
Kim's trainers were Vladimir Baidin and his wife, Galina Barkova. Initially, she did not have the required flexibility of many of her fellow gymnasts, but was soon able to compensate with superior technique and the difficulty of her exercises. Kim excelled and quickly became one of the best in Soviet gymnastics.
One of Kim's earliest successes was her victory in the republican Spartak's competition, held in
Kim's nickname among USSR teammates and team coaches was "Kimanellie," which she earned when a trainer Vladislav Rastorotsky called her very quickly: "Kim, Nellie, to the phone!"[3]
Olympics and World Championships
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Nellie_Kim_1980.jpg/220px-Nellie_Kim_1980.jpg)
Nellie Kim became one of the main medal prospects for the upcoming Olympics and actual leader of the Soviet team after the 1975 Canadian Pre-Olympics Test competition. At the Test she placed second in the all-around to Nadia Comăneci, but won three golds in the event finals (vault, balance beam, floor exercise), while Comăneci won the remaining one on bars.[6] Larisa Latynina, who had already changed her opinion about Kim earlier, described her gymnastics style as sparkling and cheerful. She also cited a comment by Canadian newspapers about Kim's performance: "There are moments, when a natural smile is more worth, than triumph". However, although Kim also won the 1976 USSR Cup, beating famous compatriots such as Olga Korbut and Ludmilla Tourischeva, they were still considered leaders by the media. Even the Coach Council of the Soviet team failed to define her as the leader. That was to prove a mistake, as later recognized by Soviet experts.[3]
At the 1976 Summer Olympics, the rivalry between Nellie Kim and Nadia Comăneci became the focal point of the women's gymnastics competition. Kim's teammates Ludmilla Tourischeva and Olga Korbut, the Olympic champions of Munich, were overcome by the two rising stars in the battle for the gold. Kim won three gold medals, one in the team competition and two in the event finals: on the vault and floor exercise. Music for her floor routine, choreographed by Valentina Kosolapova, was a fiery Samba, and one of the elements was the double back salto, performed for the first time in Olympic women's events. Kim also won a silver medal in the all-around, receiving the perfect 10 for the Tsukahara vault with the full twist, which was also performed for the first time in Olympic history. She was praised for her feminine beauty and the flamboyant, graceful and intense style.[5] Comaneci won the gold in the all-around, on bars and balance beam. Nellie's weak performance on the beam together with a lower preliminary score, led her to place second in the all-around, after Nadia.
After the 1976 Summer Olympics, Kim moved to the
In 1980, Kim won the all-around title at the USSR Championships and successfully competed in the Moscow Olympics, her last competitive performance. She tied for the gold medal on the floor with Nadia Comăneci after scoring 9.95 in that event finals, and won gold in the team competition.
Later life
After her competitive career ended, Nellie Kim worked as a coach and a judge. She coached the South Korean, Italian and Belarus national teams. In 1984, Kim became an International Brevet Judge and judged numerous international competitions, including European Championships, World Championships and Olympic Games. On one occasion, her judging license was suspended by the FIG for a time, after the 1990 World Cup, due to allegations of cheating and fixing scores. [citation needed] After her suspension ended, she was judging again at the Barcelona Games. Since 1993, she has served as President of the Judging Committee in Artistic Gymnastics of the Republic of Belarus.
Kim's first marriage was to fellow gymnast Vladimir Achasov,[2] but the marriage did not last. She met her second husband, Soviet cyclist Valery Movchan, at the 1980 Olympics, in which he had also won a gold medal.[9] Together they had a daughter (also named Nellie), born in the mid-1980s.[10]
In 1996, Kim was elected to the Women's Artistic Gymnastics Technical Committee of the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG), and moved to the United States soon afterwards.[citation needed] As of 2002, she was residing in Minnesota.[10]
In 1999, Kim was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame.[11]
At the FIG Congress of 22 October 2004 in
The move was controversial among fans and athletes alike. Kim and other FIG officials pointed out that the changes were undertaken with the help and advice of FIG member federations and many judges, as had all previous codes. They also highlighted that the system would be tested on major international events before final adoption.
In a 2005 interview, Kim said that unlike her WAG TC President predecessor, Jackie K. Fie, she did not receive any salary from the federation of the country, represented by her in the FIG. And that she works for the FIG on the basis of pure enthusiasm.[13]
In 2013, Kim was accused by Russian coaches of favoring American gymnasts,[14] a view she vehemently refuted and criticized.[15]
Kim was the subject of a half-hour National Film Board of Canada documentary Nelli Kim, co-directed by Georges Dufaux and Pierre Bernier, which was filmed at the 1976 Summer Games and released in 1978.[16]
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, she took Belarusian citizenship.
Eponymous skills
Kim has a total of seven eponymous skills in the Code of Points.[17]
Apparatus | Name | Description | Difficulty[a] | Added to the Code of Points |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vault | Kim | Handspring forward on - 1½ turn (540°) off | 3.2 | 1974 World Championships |
Vault | Kim | Tsukahara tucked with 1/1 turn (360°) off | 3.8 | 1976 Olympic Games |
Vault | Kim | Tsukahara stretched with 1/1 turn (360°) off | 4.4 | 1978 World Championships |
Balance Beam | Kim | Gainer salto tucked 1/1 turn (360°) at end of beam | C | 1976 Olympic Games |
Balance Beam | Kim | Free (aerial) cartwheel into salto backward tucked | E | 1980 Olympic Games |
Floor Exercise | Kim | Double salto backward tucked | D | 1976 Olympic Games |
Floor Exercise | Kim | Double salto backward stretched-piked | D | 1978 World Championships |
- ^ Valid for the 2022–2024 Code of Points
National achievements
Year | Event | AA | Team | VT
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UB
|
BB
|
FX
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1973 | USSR Championships | 1st | |||||
1974 | World Championships |
1st | 3rd | ||||
USSR Cup | 2nd | ||||||
USSR Championships | 3rd | 2nd | 2nd | ||||
1975 | European Championships | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | |
USSR Cup | 2nd | ||||||
USSR Championships | 1st | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | ||
1976 | USSR Cup | 1st | |||||
USSR Championships | 1st | 2nd | 1st | ||||
1977 | European Championships | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||
1978 | World Championships |
2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | ||
USSR Championships | 2nd | ||||||
1979 | World Championships |
1st | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd | 2nd | |
World Cup | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | ||||
USSR Championships | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | ||||
1980 | USSR Championships | 1st |
See also
- List of multiple Olympic gold medalists
- List of top Olympic gymnastics medalists
- List of top medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
- List of Olympic female gymnasts for the Soviet Union
References
- International Federation of Gymnastics. Archived from the originalon 11 March 2007. Retrieved 17 April 2006.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Nellie Kim". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Kim, Nellie (1985). Schastlivyy pomost (Lucky Gymnastics Platform) (in Russian). Moscow: Molodaya Gvardiya.
- ^ КИМ Нелли Владимировна (гимнастика спортивная). Belarus Olympic Committee (in Russian). Archived from the original on 22 March 2008. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
- ^ a b "Whatever Happened to Nelli Kim?". GymnasticGreats.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2006.
- ^ "1975 Pre-Olympic Test Event". Gymn-Forum.com. Retrieved 20 July 2006. [dead link]
- New York Times. p. S4.
- Boston Globe. 26 July 1980. p. 1.
- ^ "Lupita translates : Nelli Kim interview (November 2012) ("Nelli Kim: triple back on floor")". 3 December 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2015. Translated from: Дубицкий, Михаил (15 November 2012). "Нелли Ким: тройное сальто на вольных". Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ a b Fisher, Barbara; Isbister, Jennifer (24 October 2002). "Nellie Kim". Archived from the original on 27 February 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ "NELLI KIM". International Gymnastics Hall of Fame. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
- ^ "Grandi, Stoica Re-Elected". International Gymnast Online. 22 October 2004. Retrieved 26 March 2006.
- ^ "I will command the parade!" (in Russian). Sovetskaya Belorussiya. 3 September 2005. Archived from the original on 13 May 2007. Retrieved 26 March 2006.
- ^ Meyers, Dvora. "The other Perfect 10: The half-Korean Soviet gymnast you've never heard of". Fusion.
- ^ "Rewriting Russian Gymnastics: Nelli Kim – 'Russian gymnastics has closed in on itself' – Lupita translates". rewritingrussiangymnastics.blogspot.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.
- ^ "Nelli Kim". Collection. National Film Board of Canada. 11 October 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
- ^ "2022–2024 Code of Points Women's Artistic Gymnastics" (PDF). International Gymnastics Federation. pp. 206–211. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website (archived 2011)
- Nellie Kim at the International Gymnastics Federation
- Nellie Kim at the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame
- A signed photo and list of competitive results
- A short biography at Gymnast.ru (in Russian)
- Online documentary film on Kim at the NFB.ca
- Nelli Kim at IMDb
- Montreal 1976 Official Olympic Film - Part 3 | Olympic History - The Olympic Channel
- Nellie Kim at Olympics.com
- Nellie Kim at Olympedia