Odontodactylus scyllarus

Odontodactylus scyllarus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Stomatopoda
Family:	Odontodactylidae
Genus:	Odontodactylus
Species:	O. scyllarus
Binomial name
Odontodactylus scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms[1]
Cancer scyllarus Linnaeus, 1758 Gonodactylus bleekeri A. Milne-Edwards, 1868 Gonodactylus elegans Miers, 1884

Odontodactylus scyllarus, commonly known as the peacock mantis shrimp, harlequin mantis shrimp, painted mantis shrimp, clown mantis shrimp or rainbow mantis shrimp, is a large

In the marine aquarium trade, it is both prized for its attractiveness and considered by others to be a dangerous pest.

Description

O. scyllarus is one of the larger, more colourful

The dactyl club is the most electron-dense region of the stomatopod exoskeleton. From a transverse cross-section, the club can be divided into three different regions: the impact region, the periodic region and the striated region. The mechanical properties of each region has a correlation to the degree of mineralization that is present.[5]

There is a step-like decrease in calcium concentration from the impact region towards the periodic region of the dactyl club, meanwhile the phosphate concentration decreases in a gradient manner. Alongside this the carbon and magnesium concentrations increases in the same region, hence stipulating that the impact region is mainly composed of calcium phosphate while the rest of the club contains a combination of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. The impact region has shown to be mainly composed of hydroxyapatite, with a higher degree of crystallinity compared to that found in bovine bone.^[6]

Ecology

Odontodactylus scyllarus is a burrower, constructing U-shaped holes in the loose substrate near the bases of coral reefs in water ranging from 3 to 40 metres (9.8 to 131.2 ft) deep.^[2]

O. scyllarus is a

Aquaria

Some saltwater aquarists keep peacock mantis shrimp in captivity.[13] The peacock mantis is especially colourful and desired in the trade.^{[citation needed]}

While some aquarists value peacock shrimp, others consider them harmful pests because they are voracious predators that will eat other desirable inhabitants in the tank. Some of the largest specimens can break aquarium glass by striking it and can do further damage by burrowing in live rock. Live rock with mantis shrimp burrows is considered useful by some in the marine aquarium trade and is often collected. It is not uncommon for a piece of live rock to convey a live mantis shrimp in an aquarium. Once inside the tank, they may feed on fish, shrimps, and other inhabitants. They are notoriously difficult to re-catch once established in a well-stocked tank,^[14] and there are accounts of them breaking glass tanks and damaging coral when they wish to make a home within it.^[15]

References

1. ^ S. Ahyong. "Odontodactylus scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Roy Caldwell. "Species: Odontodactylus scyllarus". Roy's List of Stomatopods for the Aquarium. Retrieved July 18, 2006.
3. ^ John Roach (June 27, 2011). "Shrimp eyes inspire optical tech". MSNBC. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
4. PMID 21694711
   .
5. S2CID 8509385
   .
6. S2CID 8509385
   .
7. S2CID 31945657
   .
8. S2CID 312009
   .
9. doi:10.7275/8738277.0
   .
10. PMID 16169943
    .
11. doi:10.1021/cen-09024-notw3. Archived from the original
    on 2012-06-11.
12. S2CID 8509385
    .
13. ^ Fatheree, James (2008). "A Load of Learnin' About Mantis Shrimps". Reefkeeping.
14. ISBN 978-1-902389-67-7
    .
15. ^ April Holladay (September 1, 2006). "Shrimp spring into shattering action". USA Today.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Odontodactylus scyllarus.

• Mantis shrimps could show us the way to a better DVD
• Photos of Odontodactylus scyllarus on Sealife Collection