Olol Dinle

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Sultan Olol Dinle'
Olol Dinle in Mogadishu, c. 1938
Sultan of Ajuran
Reign1922–1960
BornKelafo, Ogaden
DiedAddis Ababa, Ethiopian Empire
DynastyGaren
ReligionIslam
Military career
Battles/wars

Olol Dinle (Somali: Olol Diinle)[1] was a Somali sultan who ruled Kelafo as the head of the Ajuran. He successively offered allegiance to the Kingdom of Italy in the 1920s and was named "Sultan of Sciavelli (Shabelle) and Auia (Hawiye)" in the early 1930s.[2]

Olol Dinle was crowned sultan in 1922 and his Sultanate was out of the upper reaches of the Webi Shabelle, centered at Kelafo, the traditional capital at the turn of the 20th century. After Ethiopian Empire invaded his traditional territory, Sultan Olol Dinle sought the alliance of Italy in the 1920s. The Italians dubbed him the "Sultan of Sciavelli (Shabelle) and Auia (Hawiye)" in the early 1930s.[3]

Life

Sultan Olol Dinle was a descendant of the Ajuran conquerors whose deeds were lost in the mists of time.[4]

The expansion of Ethiopian control deep into the

Shabelle River was strategically critical, however, as any invasion of Ethiopia from central or southern Somaliland would have to go through this area. Sultan Orfa was placed in control of Kelafo, but Olol Dinle's attacks against Ethiopian forces were so serious that Ethiopian government intervention was required to avoid famine along the Shabelle.[5]

In recognition of Italy's alliance with Olol Dinle, he was dubbed the "Sultan of the Sciaveli (Shabelle)" in the 1930s.[6] Olol Dinle was only too happy to receive Italian aid against Ethiopia, as his father remained in an Ethiopian prison and the Ethiopian flag flew above his people's ancestral capital of Kelafo.

Ethiopia took to supporting

Majerteen clan rule in Hobyo
.

In 1931, the

Mustahil and menaced the Italian Rezidenza at Beledweyne, though Gebremariam avoided armed confrontation and withdrew.[7]

To prevent further raids by Olol Dinle, a large force under

Dubat
cavalry had grown to pose a serious threat to Ethiopian control of the Shabelle River area.

During the

Hiraan, and attacked the forces of Dejazmach Beine Merid (also spelled Beyene Merid) at Goba
.

Forces loyal to Sultan Olol Dinle pushed 350 kilometers inside Ethiopia, attacking the forces of Dejach Beyene Merid at Goba, and destroying all the villages supporting the Ethiopian government.[8]

In the

dubats defeated a 4,000 strong army led by Dejazmach Beine Merid. This victory was the reason Sultan Olol Dinle was invited to Italy in 1938.[10]

Death

Sultan Olol Dinle was executed during the early 1960s in Addis Ababa by Haile Salassie due to accusations of him collaborating with the Italians against Ethiopia.[1][11] He allegedly was a “loyal ally” of Italy, and regularly used to betray the imperial government of Ethiopia.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^
    LCCN 55017613
    . Retrieved September 11, 2012. When asked … when he had arrived as a refugee, he answered: '1978, the year Olol Dinle died'. Olol Dinle was once a famous Somali nationalist in Ethiopia. He had collaborated with the Italians during the 1930s, but was executed in Addis Abeba in the early 1960s.
  2. ^ Mondadori, Arnoldo (1941). Gli annali dell'Africa italiana Volume 4. Italian East Africa. p. 345.
  3. ISBN 978-88-901302-0-5
    .
  4. ^ Cipolla, Arnaldo (1935). L'Abissinia in armi (in Italian). R. Bemporad. p. 474.
  5. ^ "Local History in Ethiopia" [dead link] (pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website
  6. ISBN 9788890130205
    .
  7. ISBN 1-56656-473-5
    .
  8. ^ Aleme Eshete. "The failure of fascist "Legge Organica" to kill Shoa: rising patriotism in spite of brutal repression, mass execution, wholesale burning and gas poisoning". Tecola W. Hagos. Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
  9. ^ Mockler, Anthony. Haile Sellassie's War, p. 90
  10. ^ Mockler, Anthony. Haile Sellassie's War, p. 90
  11. ISBN 979-8-88731-671-0
    .
  12. ISBN 978-1-78661-608-1
    .
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