Optical disc authoring
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Optical discs |
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Optical disc authoring, including
Process
Most optical disc authoring utilities create a disc image and copy it to the disc in one bundled operation, so that end-users often do not know the distinction between creating and burning. However, it is useful to know because creating the disc image is a time-consuming process, while copying the image is much faster. Most disc burning applications silently delete the image from the Temporary folder after making one copy. If users override this default, telling the application to preserve the image, they can reuse the image to create more copies. Otherwise, they must rebuild the image each time they want a copy.
Some
There are many
Sessions
DVD and Blu-ray (sequential) discs also allow the use of multiple sessions.
Tracks
Tracks contain the information to be stored on the disc. A track is a consecutive set of sectors on the disc containing a block of data. One session may contain one or more tracks of the same or different types. Tracks can be audio information or data, which use the same format, or video information. Data can include album information and low-resolution graphics such as karaoke lyrics; however, these tracks are not compliant with the
Hardware
Authoring is commonly done in software on computers with
Software
Use of optical disc recorders require optical disc authoring software, sometimes called "burning applications" or "burner applications". Such software is usually sold with the recorder. Some
Creating an optical disc usually involves first creating an optical disc image with a full file system designed for the optical disc, and then actually burning the image to the disc. Many programs create the disc image and burn in one bundled application (Quick Copy or Copy On-the-fly), such that end-users do not even know the distinction.
Disc file systems include ISO 9660 (often known simply as “ISO”) and Universal Disk Format (UDF). ISO is most common for CDs and UDF is most common for DVDs.
There are also packet writing applications that do not require writing the entire disc at once, but allow writing parts at a time, allowing the disc to be used as a random access removable medium (somewhat like a very large floppy, though with unique constraints).
Sometimes, disc images are made to make the authoring process more straightforward. Sometimes disc images are even used to emulate the presence of a CD-ROM or DVD drive with the data entirely resident on the hard disc.
For the
File systems
Optical disc file system types include ISO 9660 (often known simply as "ISO") and Universal Disk Format (UDF). ISO is most common for CDs and UDF is most common for DVDs and BDs.
ISO 9660
ISO 9660 is a format mainly used on CDs. The ISO 9660 can be extended with
El Torito makes it possible to boot from a CD. The Joliet extension by Microsoft makes it possible to have
Universal Disk Format
Universal Disk Format (UDF) is a newer filesystem that comes with additional features such as Unicode support, packet writing (UDF 1.50), and defect management on rewritable formats. Packet writing can alternatively be implemented with UDF 1.02 and Mount Rainier extensions. It allows one to use the disc like a floppy disk, that is to easily delete, create, and modify files, without having to write the whole disc again.
DVD-Video uses UDF 1.02, however Blu-Ray Disc uses UDF 2.50.
HighMAT
A compatibility technology called HighMAT allows visual material on the disc to be recognised, interpreted and supported by electronic play devices more efficiently.[2]
See also
- Compact disc manufacturing
- List of optical disc authoring software
- Rainbow Books (optical disc data standards)
- Optical disc recording technologies
- Optical disc recording modes
- DVD authoring
References
- ^ "cdrdao(1) - Linux man page". linux.die.net. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
- ^ "HighMAT: a new CD format". Geek.com. 21 October 2002. Archived from the original on 21 October 2018. Retrieved 21 October 2018.