Ornithothoraces
| Ornithothoracines | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fossil of an enantiornithean ( Junornis houi )
| |
| |
| Southern ground hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | Theropoda |
| Clade: | Avialae |
| Clade: | Pygostylia |
| Clade: | Ornithothoraces Chiappe & Calvo, 1994
|
| Subgroups | |
Ornithothoraces is a group of
glenoid joint in the shoulder, and a semi-rigid rib cage. In spite of this at least the sternum seems to have developed convergently rather than being a true homology.[1]
The earliest known members of the group are the enantiornitheans Noguerornis gonzalezi, may be even older, at up to 145.5 million years ago, though its exact age is uncertain.[3]
Classification
In 1994, Chiappe and Calvo established a phylogenetic definition of the group. They defend Ornithothoraces as a node-based clade, the common ancestor of Iberomesornis romerali and modern birds, and all of its other descendants.[4] In 1998, Paul Sereno defined Ornithothoraces in the same way, but used Sinornis santensis instead of Iberomesornis romerali.[5]
The cladogram below follows the results of a phylogenetic analysis by Wang et al., 2016:[6]
| Ornithothoraces |
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References
- PMID 23047674.
- PMID 25942493.
- ^ Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012) Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Winter 2011 Appendix.
- .
- .
- PMID 26806355.