Outline of water

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Faucet dripping water.
water molecule
(H2O)

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to water:

chemical compounds, Dihydrogen monoxide is the scientific name for water, though it is almost never used.[1]

History

Chemical properties and use

Seawater.
Boiling water.

Physical properties

Frozen water, that is, ice.

Geography

Water Cycle
Rapidly flowing river.
Victoria Falls
  • Origin of water on Earth – Hypotheses for the possible sources of the water on Earth
    • Evolution of water on Mars and Earth
  • Extraterrestrial liquid water – Liquid water naturally occurring outside Earth
  • Hydrosphere – Total amount of water on a planet
    • Hydrology – Science of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth
    • Water cycle – Biogeochemical cycle for movement of water on Earth
    • Groundwater – Water located beneath the ground surface
  • Body of water – Any significant accumulation of water, generally on a planet's surface
    • Salt water – Water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts
      • Seawater – Water from a sea or an ocean
      • Ocean – Body of salt water covering most of Earth
      • Sea – Large body of salt water
        • Tide – Rise and fall of the sea level under astronomical gravitational influences
      • Brine – Concentrated solution of salt in water
      • Brackish water – Water with salinity between freshwater and seawater
    • Fresh water – Naturally occurring water with low amounts of dissolved salts
      • Aquifer – Underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock
      • River – Natural flowing freshwater stream
      • Drainage – Removal of water from an area of land
        • Drainage divide – Elevated terrain that separates neighbouring drainage basins
        • Drainage basin – Land area where water converges to a common outlet
      • Lake – Large inland body of relatively still water
  • Glacier – Persistent body of ice that moves downhill under its own weight
  • Geyser – Natural explosive eruption of hot water
  • Spring
     – A point at which water emenges from an aquifer to the surface
  • Waterfall – A point in a river or stream where water flows over a vertical drop

Weather

A snowflake.
Snow-covered trees.
  • Precipitation (meteorology)
     – Product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity
    • Rain – Precipitation in the form of water droplets
    • Freezing rain – Rain maintained at temperatures below freezing
    • Drizzle – Light liquid precipitation
    • Snow – Precipitation in the form of ice crystal flakes
    • Snow pellets
       – Precipitation that forms when supercooled droplets of water freeze on a falling snowflake
    • Snow grains – Form of precipitation
    • Ice pellets – Precipitation consisting of small, translucent balls of ice
    • Hail – Form of solid precipitation
    • Ice crystals
       – Water ice in symmetrical shapes
    • Dew – Water in the form of droplets that appears on thin, exposed objects in the morning or evening
    • Frost – Coating or deposit of ice
      • Hoarfrost
         – Coating or deposit of ice
    • Atmospheric icing – Weather condition in which water droplets freeze onto objects they come in contact with
    • Glaze ice
       – Coating of ice on objects
  • Cloud – Visible mass of particles suspended in the atmospheres
  • Fog – Atmospheric phenomenon
  • Mist – Phenomenon caused by small droplets of water suspended in air
  • Spindrift – Spray blown from cresting waves in gales
  • Flood – Water overflow submerging usually-dry land
  • Wave – Repeated oscillation around equilibrium
    • Wind wave – Surface waves generated by wind on open water
    • Tsunami – Series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water
  • Drought – Period with less precipitation than normal

In nature and life

Marine and aquatic life

  • Underwater
     – Aquatic or submarine environment
  • Marine biology – Scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean
  • Marine life – Organisms that live in salt water
  • Hydrobiology – Science of life and life processes in water

Politics and issues

  • Human right to water and sanitation
  • Water politics – Politics affected by the availability of water and water resources
  • Water law
     – Law and regulations that relate to water resources
  • Water right – Right of a user to use water from a water source
  • Water resources – Sources of water that are potentially useful for humans
    • Water resources of the People's Republic of China
       – Geography, cleanliness, and access to water
    • Water resources of Singapore
  • Reuse of water bottles
     – Waste management
  • Water crisis (disambiguation) – a type of crises focused on access to water
  • Water industry – Drinking and wastewater services
    • Water privatization – Private sector participation in the provision of water services and sanitation
    • Water management
       – Sources of water that are potentially useful for humans
  • Water conflicts
     – Conflict over an access to water resources
  • Water export – Outbound trade involving freshwater
  • Water pollution – Contamination of water bodies

Supply and sanitation

An example of a Reservoir, Ladybower Reservoir.
  • Water supply – Provision of water by public utilities, commercial organisations or others
    • Water supply network – System of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components providing water
      • Reservoir – Storage space for water
      • Dam – Barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface or underground streams
      • Water tower – Elevated structure supporting a tank
      • Aqueduct
         – Structure constructed to convey water
      • Pump – Device that imparts energy to the fluids by mechanical action
      • Water well
         – Excavation or structure to provide access to groundwater
      • Drinking Fountain – Architecture which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air
      • Water pipe
         – Systems for conveying fluids
        • Plumbing – Systems for conveying fluids
      • Tap (valve) – Valve controlling the release of a liquid or gas
  • Sanitation – Public health conditions related to clean water and proper excreta and sewage disposal
  • Drinking water – Water safe for consumption
  • Water fluoridation – Addition of fluoride to a water supply to reduce tooth decay

In culture and sport

Poseidon, Greek god of water. The Roman water god, Neptune, was almost identical to Poseidon

Uses

  • Bathing – Washing of the body with a liquid
    • Sink – Bowl-shaped plumbing fixture
    • Bathtub – Large container for holding water in which a person may bathe
    • Shower – Place in which a person bathes under a spray of water
  • Drinking – Ingestion of water or other liquids
    • Drinking water – Water safe for consumption
    • Tap water – Water supplied through a pipe and tap combination
    • Bottled water – Water sold as a bottled product
    • Drinking vessel
       – Small container for drinks
      • Glass (drinkware)
  • Use of water in fire fighting
     – Actions to prevent damage from fire
  • Irrigation – Agricultural artificial application of water to land
  • Professional diving – Underwater diving where divers are paid for their work
  • Naval warfare – Combat involving sea-going ships
  • Washing – Method of cleaning
  • Water transport
     – Transport of people or goods via waterways
  • Water clock – Timepiece in which time is measured by the flow of liquid into or out of a vessel
  • Water-based sources of power
    • Water wheel – Machine that converts the energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power
    • Hydroelectricity – Electricity generated by hydropower
    • Hydropower – Power generation via movement of water
    • Marine current power – Extraction of power from ocean currents
    • Marine energy – Energy available from oceans
    • Osmotic power – Energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water
    • Tidal power – Technology to convert the energy from tides into useful forms of power
    • Wave power – Transport of energy by wind waves, and the capture of that energy to do useful work

See also

References

  1. ^ Bramer, Scott. "Chemical Nomenclature". Widener University, Department of Chemistry. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
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