Oxford College of Emory University
Private residential college | |
Established | 1836 |
---|---|
Parent institution | Emory University |
Religious affiliation | Methodist |
Dean | Badia Ahad[2] |
Undergraduates | 993[3] |
Location | , , United States 33°37′10″N 83°52′16″W / 33.619519°N 83.871045°W |
Campus | Small Town |
Colors | Blue and gold |
Mascot | Swoop the Eagle |
Website | www |
Oxford College of Emory University (Oxford College) is a
Oxford College has an enrollment of nearly 1,000 freshman and sophomore students. Campus organizations include various community service groups, interest clubs, and social clubs, the school's replacement for traditional fraternities and sororities. The university-wide unofficial mascot, a skeleton named "Lord Dooley", has its origins in the Oxford campus. In terms of athletics, the college participates in
History
Founding and early history
In 1833, the Georgia Methodist Conference considered establishing a church-sponsored manual labor school where students would combine farm work with a college preparatory curriculum.[4] Two years later, the Conference opened the Georgia Conference Manual Labor School, but the institution soon faced financial challenges and disbanded. After the labor school's failure, the Conference granted Methodist preacher Ignatius Few a charter to establish a new college named after John Emory, a Methodist bishop who was involved in the labor school's founding but had died in a carriage accident before it opened.[5] In 1836, the new school, Emory College, was established on a tract of land in Newton County, one mile north of Covington, Georgia. The site was chosen because of its distance from the city, which the school's founders feared would be a source of distraction for its students.[6] The campus and the immediate surroundings were planned and built in 1837 by Edward Lloyd Thomas, a Georgia land surveyor who also planned the city of Columbus, Georgia.[7] On 23 December 1839, the state legislature incorporated the city of Oxford,[8] named after the alma mater of the founders of the Methodist movement, Charles and John Wesley, the University of Oxford.[9] Because the college and town were founded only three years apart, many of the town's early residents were involved in the college's founding and continued to be involved in its daily activities.[10]
On 17 September 1838, two years after the college's chartering, President Ignatius Few and three faculty members welcomed fifteen freshmen and sophomores into its inaugural class.[4] To raise money to maintain the school, Few began selling lots around the college to local citizens.[7] The founders envisaged a curriculum that would rest squarely on the classics and mathematics, with four years' study of Greek, Latin, and mathematics, and three years' study of the English Bible and the sciences of geography, astronomy, and chemistry. According to historian Henry M. Bullock, the founders intended Emory to be, "in the fullest sense of the term, a Christian college".[11]
Literary societies
Sometime in 1837, a year before the inaugural class of students were enrolled, the new student body founded the Phi Gamma literary society on campus.[9] The society adapted the motto: Scientia et Religio Libertatis Custodes ("Science and Religion – Freedom Guardians").[12] In 1851, Phi Gamma Hall was constructed and remains the oldest structure still standing on Oxford's campus.[13] A few years later, Phi Gamma decided it needed a rival society to compete with. Consequently, fourteen members withdrew from Phi Gamma to establish Few Society, named after Ignatius Few.[12] The facilities and libraries of each debate society were open to members of either society. The two halls oppose each other across the quad, and both buildings are variations of two-story Greek Revival structures with temple form designs and columned porticos.[7] Debate topics included the justifiability of war, women's suffrage, the morality of slavery, and prohibition.[12]
In 1850, members of the two literary societies debated whether Georgia should secede from the Union. A vote on the matter by members of both societies resolved for Georgia to remain in the Union.[14] However, when the American Civil War broke out, both debate societies temporarily suspended their activities as members left school to fight in the war. Both Phi Gamma and Few Hall were used as infirmaries for wounded soldiers.[15]
Civil War and Reconstruction
Financial tension had reduced the college's income and student body prior to the outbreak of hostilities. When war broke out in the summer of 1861, the college's administration decided to temporarily cease all academic operations, and Emory College remained closed for the duration of the fighting.[16] During the war, college facilities were used by both Northern and Southern soldiers as military headquarters and infirmaries, and many deceased soldiers are buried near campus.[17] The school's library and other archives were damaged and later destroyed due to mishandling by military generals. It was not until the summer of 1866 that the campus was able to return to its academic functions, reopening with twenty students and three professors.[5] Emory College continued to struggle with financial hardships after the war, and was only able to continue operations with the aid of a state G.I. Bill.[1]
In 1880, the school's fortunes reversed when College President
Move to Atlanta
By the turn of the 20th century, Emory College had produced several notable graduates.
Wilbur A. Carlton, a student at Emory College in 1910, described his experiences at the school at the time:
At that time, half-a century ago, Oxford was completely without pavement, plumbing in the homes, and electric lights except for the Williams Gymnasium and the Young J. Allen Memorial Church, which were furnished electricity by a dynamo in the boiler room of the gym. And of course, we obtained water from open wells for drinking as well as for all other purposes ... We had to do our studying by the light of a kerosene lamp. There were scarcely any automobiles and absolutely no co-eds at that particular time although there had been a few previously. There was only one college dormitory, Marvin Hall, which was "outmoded" even for 1910 and which could accommodate only a small part of the student body ... Most of the students lived in boarding houses (or private homes), of which there were several ... Such was our beloved Oxford in 1910.
— Wilbur A. Carlton, In Memory of Old Emory (1962)[23]
Soon, the Georgia Methodist Conference began discussing transforming Emory College into a university, with
The Oxford campus continued to be used after the school's move to Atlanta in 1915. At first, the site was organized into the Emory University Academy, a
Campus
Oxford College is located on 56 acres (23 hectares) of land in Newton County,[34] approximately 38 miles (61 km) east of Emory's Atlanta campus. It is in the center of Oxford, a town located about half a mile north of Interstate 20, and is directly bounded by Georgia State Route 81 (signed as Emory Street) to the east and the Fleming Woods to the west. Emory University's bus routes provide service from Oxford to the Atlanta campus, local shopping centers, and Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority stations.[35]
The college campus and surrounding city of
In 1885, the
The other buildings that stand on the quad are: Humanities Hall, the Jolley Residential Center, Oxford Science Building, Tarbutton Performance Arts Center (which now adjoins Few Hall), Pierce Hall, and a library containing nearly 100,000 volumes.[42][45]
Academics
Oxford College, as part of Emory's undergraduate bachelor's program, offers introductory and intermediate courses that contribute to undergraduate degrees in eighty-five
Faculty
Oxford College has sixty-two faculty members in teaching positions,
Oxford College has a visiting scholar agreement with the University of Oxford in England, where a faculty member from each school exchanges places for at least one week and delivers public lectures at their host's location. Visiting professors in the past have included Jane Shaw and Tiffany Stern, a professor who studies Shakespearian works.[55]
Admissions
For the 2018–19 academic year, Oxford College enrolled 993 students;[56] 24% were Asian American, 14% were African American, 13% were Hispanic, and 13% were international students.[56] These are students who applied to Emory University and chose to begin their studies for four semesters at Oxford College before automatically continuing to the School of Arts and Science in Atlanta. Oxford graduates may also choose to apply for admission to the Goizueta Business School or the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing.[57]
There were 17,864 applicants for the Oxford College class of 2023,[58] of whom 19.8% were accepted and 475 students enrolled. Admitted students had an interquartile range (25th to 75th centile) GPA of 3.73-3.98 and SAT scores ranging from 680 to 760 in critical reading, 710–790 in mathematics.[59] Oxford College maintains the same application as Emory College on the Common Application, and applicants must indicate if they wish to apply to one or both schools. In addition to regular decision, students may choose to apply and receive an admission decision early via the restrictive early decision option to either Emory College or Oxford College, or both, but not to another school. All applicants are able to participate in the Oxford Scholar program, the highest tier of which offers a full academic merit scholarship for four semesters at Oxford and four semesters at Emory.[60] In 2017-18, sixty-two percent of undergraduates received an average financial aid package of $36,118.[61]
Student life
Residence life
All students who live on campus are housed in one of four residential halls: Haygood Hall, Jolley Residential Center, Fleming Hall, or Elizer and Murdy. These buildings range in occupancy from 117 (Haygood)
Students are required to enroll in a dining plan that includes meals in the Oxford Dining Hall, which serves three meals a day with limited service between meals. Fifty percent of all ingredients are sourced locally and ninety percent of waste are diverted from landfills.
Activities
Social clubs
Oxford is different from many colleges in that it does not have traditional fraternities and sororities on campus. In their stead are organizations known as "social clubs". Historically, some of these social clubs, whose members meet regularly at social functions, were determined by geography, such as the Florida Club, South Georgia Club, and Alabama Club.[68] Today, social clubs use the Greek alphabet system and mimic[b] the functions of fraternities and sororities, with the exception of Dooley's Dolls.[69]
Student organizations
Except for the
As of 2017[update], there are over seventy-five registered student organizations which cover a variety of interests, including academic, social, cultural, religious, leisure, arts, and volunteer service.[72] Many of Oxford's student clubs participate in community service, including volunteer-oriented clubs such as Volunteer Oxford, Bonner Leader Program and Circle K. In 2008, Oxford College students' volunteer hours helped Emory University win the Presidential Award for General Community Service, an award given to higher education institutions for their commitment to community service, service-learning and civic engagement.[73] According to a survey conducted by the college prior to 2012, ninety-two percent of Oxford students participated in community service, contributing over 10,000 hours in one year.[74]
Traditions
Dooley
Lord Dooley, also known as the "Lord of Misrule" and the "Spirit of Emory", originated in Oxford and acts as Emory University's unofficial mascot.[75] Dooley, who borrows his first name and middle initial from the first and last name of the sitting president of Emory University, has two manifestations: one at Emory's Atlanta campus, and one at Oxford.[75] At both campuses, Dooley is represented by a student in a skeleton costume with a black cape, top hat, and white gloves, flanked on all sides by similarly dressed students acting as bodyguards. However, Oxford's Dooley differs from his more modern and lively counterpart at the Atlanta campus. Because Oxford was his original home, Dooley's appearances there tries to symbolize his advanced age, with characteristics such as a crouched stance, slow walk, and his signature bent crane topped with a brown skull.[76] Additionally, his habit of making public appearances at Oxford by emerging out of a coffin differ from the conventions of his counterpart at the Atlanta campus.[77]
Dooley was first mentioned in an 1899 article printed in the school newspaper, Phoenix, titled "Reflections of a Skeleton". The article was purportedly written by a skeleton in a science lab who complained of his dull and silent existence observing the comings and goings of the students.[19] In 1901, the Dooley mythology resurfaced, this time in a second editorial where he claims to have been the son of a wealthy Virginia planter who fought in the Revolutionary War and later died from alcohol abuse.[75] In 1941, Dooley began appearing physically on campus, starting the tradition known as "Dooley's Week", when he has free rein to let students out of classes.[75] Today, Dooley makes frequent appearances at social functions and other Oxford events, where he passes a message for a designated student to read to the student body.[77] These messages relate to events on campus, ranging from critical rebukes of misdeeds, to praise for individual student accomplishments.[76]
Animals
Students at Oxford used to steal local farm animals such as roosters and coax them into classrooms as pranks.[78] In the 1930s to 1950s, students began bringing larger farm animals such as goats and cows up to the upper floors of Seney Hall. The tradition culminated in 2008 when a group of unidentified students led a local zebra to the third floor of Seney and barricaded the windows, doors, and elevator.[79]
Athletics
Although President
Today, Oxford's athletic teams are members of the
Notable alumni
I do not think it advisable for him to return to college this term ... He has never learned to apply himself, which together with very frequent absences, makes it impossible for him to succeed as a student."
James E. Dickey, President of Emory College, Letter to Robert W. Woodruff's father.[84]
- Fred P. Branson - An American attorney who graduated from Emory College and later became an Associate Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court (1922-1929).
- Yun Chi-ho – An independence activist in Korea in the early 20th century and possible author of the Korean national anthem[85]
- John B. Cobb – A United Methodist process theologian who helped develop process theology[86]
- James Edward Dickey – The last President of Emory College and first President of Emory University, later elected a Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South[87]
- Tinsley Ellis – An American blues and rock musician[88]
- R&B artist[89]
- Lee Hong-koo – Former Prime Minister of South Korea[85]
- U.S. congressman from Georgia[90]
- Georgia Institute of Technology[85]
- Senator from Mississippi[85]
- Dumas Malone – Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, former head of Harvard University Press[22]
- Thomas M. Rivers – Famed virologist, headed the National Science Foundation's search for a polio vaccine[21]
- J. Roy Rowland – Member of United States House of Representatives from Georgia's 8th congressional district. He attended Emory College at Oxford for one year in 1943.[91]
- Robert W. Woodruff – Attended Oxford for one term, then served as President of the Coca-Cola Company. He later donated a total of $230 million to Emory University.[92]
In popular culture
Oxford College and its facilities have served as sets for several movies and television shows:
- In 2015, an installment of the National Lampoon's Vacation series, titled Vacation, filmed scenes on campus.[93]
- On March 1, 2012, Oxford College hosted the Georgia's first showing of Perry v. Schwarzenegger.[94]
- In 2009, 2010, and 2012, the television show In the Heat of the Night filmed some scenes on campus and in the town of Oxford. Scenes from the television show The Vampire Diaries were shot in the school's library, quad, and theater. Thereafter, the school served as the on-location college set for the show's fictional Whitmore College.[95]
- On January 26, 1979, it is featured in the first episode of the television series The Dukes of Hazzard, when General Lee jumps eighty-one feet in front of Seney Hall. This scene remained in the opening credits for the rest of the series. This stunt was recreated by MTV for its series Your Movie Show in July 2005 on the release of The Dukes of Hazzard movie.[96]
Notes
a Oxford is a two-year program, so the class of 2018 is also part of Emory University's class of 2020.
b One such difference between social clubs and fraternities or sororities is that social clubs can be co-ed.
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References
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- The Emory Campus (1912). Emory College Yearbook. 1912.
- Bullock, Henry M. (1936). A History of Emory University. Atlanta: Parthenon Press.
- Buck, Polly S. (1986). The Blessed Town: Oxford, Georgia, at the Turn of the Century. Chapel Hill: Algonquin. ISBN 0-912697-38-5.
- Carlton, Wilbur A. (1962). In Memory of Old Emory. Atlanta: Emory University.
- English, Thomas H. (1966). Emory University 1915–1965: A Semicentennial History. Atlanta: Emory University.
- PMID 11615452.
- Leete, Frederick D. (1948). Methodist Bishops. Nashville: The Methodist Publishing House.
- Moon, Joseph C. (2003). An Uncommon Place: Oxford College of Emory University, 1914–2000. Atlanta: Bookhouse Group. ASIN B000IZ4W2Y.
- Oliver, Erik B. (2014). Images of America: Oxford. Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1439645901.
- ISBN 0-465-05468-4.
- "A Dream Deferred: African Americans at Emory and Oxford Colleges, 1836-1968". The MARIAL Center. Emory University. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 10 February 2021.