Panam Ningthou

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Meetei Mayek
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Panam Ningthou
Igniter of the first fire and protector of crops from hailstorm and thunder
Member of Umang Lais
Major cult centerAndro, Imphal East, Manipur
AbodeAndro, Imphal East
Symbolburning fire
TextsPoireiton Khunthok
GenderMale
RegionManipur
Ethnic groupMeitei
FestivalsChakpa Haraoba (one of the four types of Lai Haraoba festival)[1]
Equivalents
Greek equivalentHephaestus, Prometheus
Roman equivalentVulcan
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Panam Ningthou (

crops, especially rice, from hailstorms and thunder.[2] According to legends, He ignited the first fire with flint.[3][4] He is one of the Umang Lai deities.[5][6][7]

Description

Panam Ningthou is a rain and weather God of the Meitei people of Manipur. [8] He has a wife called Leimaren Sanarik Chaning Khombi.

Festival and worship

God Panam Ningthou is mainly worshipped by the people of Loi caste.[9] His major cult center is the ancient village of Andro, Imphal East.[10][11][12] where a sacred fire has been kept burning in the Chakpa Panam Ningthou Meihoupirol (sacred burning fireplace) since the time of Poireiton Khunthok c. 34 BC-18 BC.[13]The sacred fore of Andro is the oldest man-made fire in India.[3][4]

The Chakpa Haraoba, one of the four types of Lai Haraoba festival, is an annual celebration in honor of Panam Ningthou[1]in the Meitei lunar month of Lamta (March-April).[14][15] The festival starts from the first Sunday of the month of Lamta month.[16]

Two days before the Lai Haraoba festival begins, Panam Ningthou is said to come to in the form of a ball of light. He came flying from the east. Sometimes, the people of Andro claimed to see that ball of light, even at other times of the year.[16]During the nine day long festival, no outsiders are allowed to stay at the village. In modern times, notice is issued one month before the festival begins through mass media like television, newspaper and radio, requesting that outsiders leave for the duration of festival. Natives of Andro may return to Andro before the festival starts. Once the festival begins, no one is allowed enter or leave the village. Converts to religions other than Sanamahism are not allowed to participate in the religious festival, even if they are native of Andro. During the festival, people wear black clothes[17] Andro also has twelve other deities, and their festivals are open to outsiders.[16]

The Loi people regarded Panam Ningthou as a protector of the Meitei king, who himself provided sacrificial animals, including buffalo, for the God. Outside of the

cock to Andro to be sacrificed.[5]
: 119–120 

Association with other gods

According to the

Langmai Ningthou (lit. King of the Langmais). The personal names of the original five became the names of various forms of the God. With this, the tribal society of the Selloi Langmai people became one chiefdom, later known as the Angom.[18]

Selloi Langmai hills
that gradually merged into one God with the name "Langmai Ningthou" (lit. King of the Langmais).

Namesake

Panam Ningthou Semba

There is a real servant class named Panam Ningthou Semba. It takes care of

polo equipment for Meitei royalty.[19][20]

Gallery

  • Meitei Stone inscription inside the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site about a royal decree
    Meitei Stone inscription inside the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site about a royal decree
  • A Sacred Grove in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
    A Sacred Grove in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
  • A temple (rebuilt) inside the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
    A temple (rebuilt) inside the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
  • Two official buildings (rebuilt) in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
    Two official buildings (rebuilt) in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
  • A Mini Museum in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site
    A Mini Museum in the Panam Ningthou Sacred Site

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1-000-21551-9
    .
  2. ^ Singh, Moirangthem Kirti (1998). Recent Researches in Oriental Indological Studies: Including Meiteilogy. Parimal Publications.
  3. ^ a b Constantine, R. (1981). Manipur, Maid of the Mountains. Lancers. p. 43.
  4. ^ a b Panchani, Chander Sheikhar (1987). Manipur, Religion, Culture, and Society. Konark Publishers. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-220-0047-4.
  5. ^ a b Parratt, Saroj Nalini (1980). Religion Of Manipur. Firma Klm. p. 15.
  6. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5
    .
  7. ISBN 978-81-87336-69-3
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-87436-591-7
    .
  9. ISBN 978-81-7046-127-2
    .
  10. ISBN 978-81-7099-790-0
    .
  11. ^ Birajit, Soibam (2014-12-01). Meeyamgi Kholao: Sprout of Consciousness. ARECOM ( Advanced Research Consortium, Manipur).
  12. ^ Singh, Dr RK Nimai. NEScholar Magazine Vol 02 Issue 03. NE Brothers.
  13. ISBN 978-81-7835-864-2
    .
  14. ISBN 978-81-313-0369-6
    .
  15. ^ Bahadur, Mutua (1994). Cane & Bamboo Crafts of Manipur. Mutua Museum.
  16. ^ a b c Dr. Chirom Rajketan Singh; Sadananda Mayanglambam (2013). A collection of Essays in Manipuri Folklore. pp. 123–124.
  17. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5
    .
  18. ^ Birajit, Soibam (2014-12-01). Meeyamgi Kholao: Sprout of Consciousness. ARECOM ( Advanced Research Consortium, Manipur). p. 79.
  19. ISBN 978-81-87606-31-4
    .
  20. ISBN 978-81-87336-61-7
    .
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