Paranapiacaba
Paranapiacaba | |
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Paranapiacaba is a
Paranapiacaba was established as a
Geography
The village is located on a slope opposite Santo André, approximately 61 kilometres (38 mi) by road southeast of the centre of the city of
Rail connections can be made to Paranapiacaba from Estação da Luz, one of the four stations in São Paulo. The nearest international airport is the Cumbica at Guarulhos, outside São Paulo.[7] MRS Logística used electric traction between Paranapiacaba and Raiz de Serra.[8]: 139+
History
Vila de Paranapiacaba was established during the middle of the 19th century; it was designed according to the prison model style developed by
City design
Paranapiacaba was designed in a special model style.[2] Because of its remoteness, the town has been well preserved. The buildings were all of English style (even the large homes were of Victorian style) built with wood and bricks.[7][9] The houses in the town are all made of timber and looks like a mofussil area of Surrey. The town was laid out in the 1890s in a grid pattern. Even though Brazil attained independence in 1822, its architectural styles were influenced by Portuguese colonizers and by the British.[5] The town is stated as having more English architecture than perhaps anywhere else in the country.[10]
Notable landmarks
The District of Paranapiacaba is known for its large industrial complex, which lies off the main road from Rio Grande da Serra, on the way into the main village, but is actually nearer Rio Grande da Serra. The growth of this industrial centre was facilitated by the railway, transporting goods to the port of Santos. The railway station's clock tower is based on Big Ben in London.[11] The locomotive stations, old British carriages and steam engines, cable station (funicular type), and workers' cottages are all well preserved and form part of the museum which is open to the public.
On the hill top above the village is the old Victorian style Castilino, once the residence of the Chief Engineer of the Railways, which is now a museum known as the Centro Preservacao da Historia de Paranpiacaba, where old railway line maps and photographs are displayed.[4] The museum has elegant furnishings and provides views of its surroundings.[9] In the 1980s, a working steam engine from the turn of the 20th century ran several times a day, originally used to pull inclined trains from the coast. Visitors can view the working parts and watch them while the engine is running. Recivitas (Instituto pela Revitalização da Cidadania) created a free toy center and library here.[1] The Funicular de Paranapiacaba railway museum was established in 1970, and today is one of the biggest attractions in the district.[8] The Clube União Lira Serrano is also of note, and was founded in 1930 as a social club for the railway operators.[12] The parish church, Capela do Alto da Serra or Igreja matriz de Paranapiacaba, opened for the first time on August 8, 1884.
Preservation
In order to preserve the heritage status of Paranapiacaba as a well-preserved railway town, the government of Brazil decreed it to be a historic district and initiated further steps to preserve its heritage status and encourage its development as a suburb of São Paulo and to promote tourism.[5] The objective of this project is to preserve the natural, cultural, and industrial heritage and ensure economic progress of the town in particular and the region as a whole.[5]
The site was included in the 2000 and 2002 World Monuments Watch (WMW) by the World Monuments Fund, calling for investments to revitalize the village. With funding from American Express the Fund helped local stakeholders implement this effort. By 2008, the conservation efforts of the WMW team were successful in restoring Casa Fox (the Archive), the Castelinho (now a museum), the Lyra Serrano Club, and the Old Market. Further restoration works are continuing.[5][13][14] The town has witnessed a dramatic change in its environment with much improved facilities also resulting in economic progress of the area.
References
- ^ ISBN 978-2-87463-275-4. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-85984-262-1. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ Google (26 January 2013). "Paranapiacaba" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-84353-111-1. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f "Paranapiacaba". World Monuments Fund Organization. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ISBN 978-1-60021-421-9. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-907263-26-2. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-85-86094-04-0. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-74179-163-1. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ISBN 978-85-89820-03-5. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ Amery, Colin; Curran, Brian; (Program), World Monuments Watch (1 November 2001). Vanishing histories: 100 endangered sites from the World Monuments Watch. Abrams in association with the World Monuments Fund. p. 152. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ Medina, Cremilda (2003). Caminho do café: Paranapiacaba, museu esquecido (in Portuguese). ECA/USP. p. 64. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ World Monuments Fund - Paranapiacaba
- ^ Christine Temin, Boston Globe, "Bringing preservation to new frontiers: South American sites make the list of important, and threatened, places," June 30, 2002, p.N1.