Petar Parchevich

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Petar Parchevich
A purple shield with two standing goats and a crimson band with three six-pointed stars in the middle surrounded by gold, white and purple decorative elements and topped by a gold lion rampant
Ecclesiastical coat of arms of Petar Parchevich
Bornc. 1612
Chiprovtsi, Ottoman Empire (now Bulgaria)
Died23 July 1674
Rome, Papal States (now Italy)
Occupation(s)Roman Catholic archbishop, diplomat, scholar

Petar Parchevich (

Chiprovtsi Uprising
.

A native of

Roman Catholic ecclesiastical hierarchy
.

Education and early diplomacy

Petar Parchevich was born circa 1612 in Chiprovtsi

House of Pejačević, a notable and distinguished Croatian noble family in the 18th and 19th century. Chiprovtsi was then a Catholic-populated town in the northwestern Bulgarian lands under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century, Chiprovtsi was a rich merchant town in its cultural heyday. Like many Bulgarians from Chiprovtsi at the time, Parchevich was sent to be educated in Italy.[2] Having studied in Rome and Loreto, he returned to Bulgaria in 1643 as a doctor of theology and canon law,[1] which made him one of the most educated Bulgarians of his age.[3]

Upon his return, Parchevich engaged in diplomacy with the ultimate goal of ensuring the Liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule. Receiving papal support, Parchevich visited the royal courts of Europe and advocated the formation of an anti-Ottoman alliance which would drive out the Ottoman Turks from the Balkans. Parchevich was received by the courts of the Austrian Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Republic of Venice, the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, and Pope Innocent X himself.[1] There, he requested backing for an anti-Ottoman campaign which would lead to the liberation of the Balkans, and "most of all, of the great Bulgarian Empire".[4]

Parchevich made several visits to Poland, such as once in 1647, when he was met by

Senate of Venice from 1650, Parchevich referred to the "unbearable Ottoman yoke" and told of the Bulgarian people's long struggle against the Ottomans. After meeting with Innocent and persuading the pope that Bulgaria could collect an army of 20,000 for an anti-Ottoman campaign, Parchevich remained in Rome until the spring of 1651.[3]

Archbishop, major diplomat and baron

Ruins of the Catholic church in Parchevich's native Chiprovtsi (left), the church in Rome where he was buried (centre), and the church in the Parchevich neighbourhood of Rakovski (right)

In 1658, Parchevich was appointed head of the Roman Catholic Diocese of

Diocese of Nicopoli headed by Filip Stanislavov, Marcianopolis was one of the two sees which succeeded the Bulgarian Custody as the governing body of Catholicism in Bulgaria. Parchevich also held the position of Bulgarian internuncio to the Viennese court.[2] In 1661, Parchevich had to step down as Archbishop of Marcianopolis due to pressure from Rome, which condemned his clerical inactivity,[4] though in 1668 he became apostolic vicar to Moldavia[2][5] despite continuing suspicion.[3]

By the mid-1650s, Parchevich had entered major European politics and was the central figure of a significant anti-Ottoman plot.

Habsburgs owing to his merits in defending Christianity.[1][5] As an Austrian noble, he was styled Peter Freiherr von Parchevich.[6]

In spite of Parchevich's efforts, conditions would not be favourable to a Bulgarian anti-Ottoman uprising until well after his death. While on a diplomatic mission to Pope Clement X,[7] he died of illness[3] in Rome in the summer of 1674 and was buried at the Sant'Andrea delle Fratte basilica in the city.[1] Parchevich's letters and reports have been preserved and are an important source of information regarding his activities.[5]

Honours

Various institutions around Bulgaria have been named after Petar Parchevich, including streets in the capital

Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Барон Парчевич и другите" (in Bulgarian). OMDA Ltd. Archived from the original on 22 February 1999. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Castellan, p. 147.
  3. ^ a b c d e Чолов.
  4. ^ a b c Бакалов, p. 235.
  5. ^
    ISBN 954528613X
    .
  6. ISBN 978-0-8135-0799-6
    .
  7. ^ Делев, Петър; Валери Кацунов; Пламен Митев; Евгения Калинова; Искра Баева; Боян Добрев (2006). "22. Българите в османската империя". История и цивилизация за 11. клас (in Bulgarian). Просвета.
  8. ^ "ул. Парчевич София, България". Google Maps. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  9. ^ "ул. Петър Парчевич Шумен, България". Google Maps. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  10. ^ "Битката за Пловдив" (in Bulgarian). ПФК Ботев 1912. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  11. ^ "Решение, гр. Пловдив, 15.12.2008 г., в името на народа" (in Bulgarian). Административен съд Пловдив. 2008-12-15. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  12. ^ "Търсене за училища съдържащи "Парчевич"" (in Bulgarian). Pomagalo.com. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  13. ^ "Празнична трапеза от банатски ястия в село Асеново" (in Bulgarian). Дружество на банатските българи в България. 2010-07-02. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  14. ^ "Parchevich Ridge". SCAR Composite Gazetteer. Retrieved 3 September 2010.

Sources

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