Philip Chetwode, 1st Baron Chetwode
Born | 21 September 1869 Westminster, England |
---|---|
Died | 6 July 1950 Marylebone, England | (aged 80)
Allegiance | United Kingdom |
Service/ | British Army |
Years of service | 1889–1935 |
Rank | Field Marshal |
Unit | Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry 19th Royal Hussars |
Commands held | 19th Royal Hussars London Mounted Brigade 5th Cavalry Brigade 2nd Cavalry Division Desert Column XX Corps Aldershot Command Commander-in-Chief, India |
Battles/wars | |
Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George Distinguished Service Order |
Other work | Constable of the Tower President of the Royal Geographical Society |
After the War he held a series of senior military appointments including
Early life and education
Born the son of
Military career
Promoted to
In 1906, Chetwode became assistant military secretary to
During the Curragh incident in March 1914 Chetwode was offered command of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade when Hubert Gough threatened to resign.[2] He knew that he would be "looked upon by all his brother officers as a scab” but thought it "his duty as a soldier to do as he was ordered & not to meddle in politics".[11] In the event Gough kept his command and Chetwode remained with the London Mounted Brigade, but his willingness to replace Gough caused some ill feeling.[2] Promoted to temporary brigadier-general on 15 May 1914,[12] he was given command of the 5th Cavalry Brigade in August 1914.[2]
In
Service in India and after
After the war, and following promotion to the substantive rank of lieutenant-general on 1 January 1919,[18] Chetwode was appointed to a number of senior military appointments serving as Military Secretary from 1919, Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff from October 1920, Adjutant-General to the Forces from September 1922 and Commander in Chief Aldershot Command from early 1923.[16] He was promoted to full general on 1 June 1926.[19]
Chetwode became
The safety, honour and welfare of your country come first, always and every time.
The honour, welfare and comfort of the men you command come next.
Your own ease, comfort and safety come last, always and every time.
This is known as the "Chetwode Motto" and is the motto of the officers passing out from the academy.[22]
Chetwode returned from India in May 1934.
Family
Chetwode married Hester (Star) Alice Camilla Stapleton Cotton and had a son Roger and a daughter Penelope.[23]
- Roger Chetwode married Honourable Molly Berry, daughter of the 1st Viscount Camrose. He was killed on active service on 14 August 1940 at age 34, leaving two sons: Philip, the 2nd Baron Chetwode, and Christopher.
- Honourable Poet Laureate) and had a son Paul and daughter Candida Lycett Green.
Chetwode's sister Florence was married to General Noel Birch.
Honours and awards
British
- DSO : Companion of the Distinguished Service Order – 20 November 1900 – for services during the operations in South Africa (Second Boer War)[5]
- KCMG : Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George – 4 June 1917[28]
- GCB : Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) – 3 June 1929[29]
- KJStJ : Knight of Justice of the Venerable Order of St. John – 23 December 1930[32]
- GCSI : Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India – 4 June 1934[33]
- OM : Member of the Order of Merit – 1 January 1936[34]
Foreign
- Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France) – 21 May 1917[35]
- Order of the Nile, 2nd Class (Egypt) – 9 November 1918[36]
Notes
- ^ "No. 25808". The London Gazette. 17 April 1888. p. 2200.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Heathcote 1999, p. 87.
- ^ "No. 26076". The London Gazette. 5 August 1890. p. 4283.
- ^ "No. 26826". The London Gazette. 23 February 1897. p. 1097.
- ^ a b "No. 27359". The London Gazette. 27 September 1901. p. 6305.
- ^ "No. 27397". The London Gazette. 14 January 1902. p. 295.
- ^ "The Army in South Africa - Troops returning Home". The Times. No. 36812. London. 5 July 1902. p. 8.
- ^ "No. 28111". The London Gazette. 21 February 1908. p. 1206.
- ^ "No. 28569". The London Gazette. 5 January 1912. p. 130.
- ^ "No. 28604". The London Gazette. 3 May 1912. p. 3181.
- ^ Jeffery 2006, p. 121, 124.
- ^ "No. 28832". The London Gazette. 19 May 1914. p. 4006.
- ^ "No. 29267". The London Gazette (Supplement). 18 August 1915. p. 8247.
- ^ "No. 12894". The Edinburgh Gazette. 17 January 1916. p. 86.
- ^ "No. 29882". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 December 1916. p. 12647.
- ^ a b c d e Heathcote 1999, p. 88.
- ^ "Philip Chetwode". Hart Centre for Military Archives. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
- ^ "No. 13379". The Edinburgh Gazette. 6 January 1919. p. 88.
- ^ "No. 33169". The London Gazette. 4 June 1926. p. 3654.
- ^ "No. 33917". The London Gazette. 3 March 1933. p. 1428.
- ^ Dixon 1976, p. 117.
- ^ "Servant-hood". Indus International Community School. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
- ^ a b c Heathcote 1999, p. 89.
- ^ "Cardinal Seredi at Oxford". Catholic Herald. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
- ^ "No. 31230". The London Gazette. 14 March 1919. p. 3483.
- ^ "No. 37119". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 June 1945. p. 2933.
- ^ "No. 37177". The London Gazette. 13 July 1945. p. 3629.
- ^ "No. 30111". The London Gazette (Supplement). 4 June 1917. p. 5458.
- ^ "No. 33501". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 June 1929. p. 3668.
- ^ "No. 30471". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 January 1918. p. 721.
- ^ "No. 29086". The London Gazette. 18 February 1915. p. 2090.
- ^ "No. 33676". The London Gazette. 2 January 1931. p. 53.
- ^ "No. 34056". The London Gazette. 4 June 1934. p. 3559.
- ^ "No. 34238". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1936. p. 4.
- ^ "No. 30081". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 May 1917. p. 4920.
- ^ "No. 13350". The Edinburgh Gazette. 12 November 1918. p. 4176.
References
- Dixon, Norman (1976). ISBN 0-224-01161-8.
- Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals 1736–1997. Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-696-5.
- Jeffery, Keith (2006). Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: A Political Soldier. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-820358-2.