Philip I, Prince of Taranto
| Philip I | |
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| Prince of Taranto, Prince of Achaea, King of Albania, Despot of Romania | |
Maria of Hungary |
Philip I of Taranto (10 November 1278 – 26.
Born in
Maria of Hungary, daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary.[5]
First marriage
On 4 February 1294, his father named him
Despot of Romania", claiming Epirus, Aetolia, Acarnania, and Great Vlachia
. However, Nikephoros' Byzantine widow, Anna Kantakouzene, had Thomas proclaimed Despot of Epirus and assumed the regency.
War of the Vespers
As Vicar-General of
Treaty of Caltabellotta in 1302.[8]
Catherine of Valois
Balkan adventure
In 1306,
Duke of Athens
, as his bailli in Achaea. Meanwhile, Philip and Isabella relinquished their claims on Achaea on 11 May 1307 in exchange for the County of Alba.
Second marriage
Catherine of Valois: his personal arms (Anjou defaced with a bend), impaled with the arms of the Latin Empire
of Constantinople.In 1309, Philip accused Thamar of adultery, probably on a falsified charge. This freed him to take part in a complex marital pact.
Countess of Burgundy and Artois. (Hugh died before in 1315 before the marriage could be solemnized; Joan of France married Hugh's brother and successor Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy instead.[11]) Philip ceded the Principality of Achaea (over which he retained suzerainty) to Matilda of Hainaut, who married Hugh's brother Louis of Burgundy on 29 July 1313. This donation was rather restricted: should the couple die without heirs, the Principality was to revert to the house of Burgundy, while Matilda enjoyed the usufruct for life. Nor could Matilda marry again without her suzerain's permission. To complete the separation of Eastern and Western claims, Hugh ceded his rights to Thessalonica to Louis, while Louis renounced his claims on his parents' inheritance in favor of Hugh. The engagement of Philip's eldest son Charles of Taranto
to Matilda of Hainault was broken off, and he was engaged to Jeanne de Valois, younger sister of Catherine of Valois; his father also ceded to him the title of Despot of Romania and the claims thereto appertaining.
Guelph-Ghibelline War
In 1315, Philip was sent by his brother
Peter, Count of Gravina
and his son Charles of Taranto were both killed.
Frankish Greece
The death of Louis of Burgundy without heirs in 1316 upset the Angevin plans for Achaea. Matilda was invited to marry
Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy, after several protests, agreed to sell his rights to Achaea and Thessalonica to Louis, Count of Clermont for 40,000 livres. However, Philip, financed by Philip V of France, bought the claims for the same sum in 1321. In the meantime, the refractory Matilda of Hainaut was brought before the Papal court in Avignon, where she revealed that she had secretly married the Burgundian knight Hugh de La Palice. Her marriage with John was annulled on the grounds of non-consummation, but the revelation of her secret marriage again furnished a pretext for the confiscation of Achaea by the Angevins. It was, of course, bestowed directly upon John of Gravina, in exchange for 40,000 livres, the price paid to the Duke of Burgundy.[12] Matilda spent the rest of her unfortunate life as a prisoner of the Neapolitan state, to prevent the resurgence of her claim.[13]
Philip continued to plot the recovery of the Latin Empire, making an alliance in 1318 with his nephew
Robert of Taranto
.
Family
Children of his first marriage (1294), with Thamar Angelina Komnene, which ended with a divorce (1309):[5]
- Charles (1296–1315),[5] Vicar of Romania, killed at the Battle of Montecatini[15]
- Oshin of Armenia[5] and then Oshin of Korikos.
- Despot of Romania.[5]
- Maria (1302/04–1368), Abbess of Conversano.
- Beatrice (1305–1340), married to Duke of Athens.[5]
- Bianca (1309–1337), married to Infante Ramón Berenguer of Aragon, Count of Prades.
Children of his second marriage (1313), with
Catherine of Valois
:
- Margaret (c. 1325–1380), married Francis of Baux, Duke of Andria. By Francis, she was the mother of James of Baux, Prince of Achaea and titular Emperor of Constantinople.[16]
- Robert (1326–1364), Prince of Taranto, titular Emperor of Constantinople (as Robert II).[17]
- Louis (1327/28–1362),[17] Prince of Taranto and King of Naplesby right of his wife.
- Philip II (1329–1374),[17]Prince of Taranto and Achaea, titular Emperor of Constantinople (as Philip III).
See also
References
- ^ Shawcross 2009, p. 45.
- ^ Tsougarakis & Lock 2014, p. 428.
- ^ Todt 1993, p. 2065.
- ^ Nicol 1984, p. 98.
- ^ a b c d e f g Nicol 1984, p. 257.
- ^ Topping 1975, p. 106.
- ^ Stanton 2015, p. 153.
- ^ Nicol 1994, p. 29.
- ^ Topping 1975, p. 107.
- ^ a b Topping 1975, p. 109.
- ^ a b Topping 1975, p. 115.
- ^ Topping 1975, p. 115-116.
- ^ Topping 1975, p. 117.
- ^ Geanakoplos 1975, p. 47.
- ^ Armstrong 1932, p. 40.
- ^ Richardson 2011, p. 401.
- ^ a b c Zacour 1960, p. 32.
Sources
- Armstrong, Edward (1932). "Italy in the Time of Dante". In Gwatkin, Henry Melvill; Whitney, James Pounder; Tanner, Joseph Robson; Previté-Orton, Charles William; Brooke, Zachary Nugent (eds.). The Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 7: Decline of Empire and Papacy. Cambridge University Press.
- Geanakoplos, Deno (1975). "Byzantium and the Crusades, 1354–1453". In ISBN 0-299-06670-3.
- ISBN 9780521261906.
- ISBN 0-521-45531-6.
- Richardson, Douglas (2011). Plantagenet Ancestry: Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families (2nd ed.).
- Shawcross, Teresa (2009). The Chronicle of Morea: Historiography in Crusader Greece. Oxford University Press.
- Stanton, Charles D (2015). Medieval Maritime Warfare. Pen & Sword.
- Todt, K.-P. (1993). "Ph. v. Tarent". Lexikon des Mittelalters (in German). Vol. VI: Lukasbilder bis Plantagenêt. Stuttgart and Weimar: J. B. Metzler.
- Topping, Peter (1975). "The Morea, 1311–1364". In ISBN 0-299-06670-3.
- Tsougarakis, Nickiphoros I.; Lock, Peter, eds. (2014). A Companion to Latin Greece. Brill's Companions to European History. Leiden and New York: BRILL. ISBN 978-90-0-4284104.
- Zacour, Norman P. (1960). "Talleyrand: The Cardinal of Périgord (1301-1364)". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. New Series. 50 (7). American Philosophical Society: 1–83. JSTOR 1005798.
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