Phoebe Hearst
Phoebe Hearst | |
---|---|
Born | Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson December 3, 1842 |
Died | April 13, 1919 | (aged 76)
Resting place | Cypress Lawn Memorial Park |
Nationality | American |
Occupation | Philanthropist |
Spouse | |
Children | William Randolph Hearst |
Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson Hearst (December 3, 1842 – April 13, 1919) was an American
Early life
She was born Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson in
Family life
Soon after their marriage,[3] the couple left Missouri and moved to San Francisco, California, where Phoebe gave birth to their only child, William Randolph Hearst.[4] As a very successful miner who later became a U.S. senator,[5] George often left Phoebe alone during his work.[2][6] She and her son were close and had many similar interests, including art and design.[7] After Phoebe's death in 1919, William inherited a $10 million fortune.[2]
Philanthropy
In the 1880s, she became a major benefactor and director of the Golden Gate Kindergarten Association
Hearst became a close friend of Dr.
In 1901, Phoebe Hearst founded the University of California Museum of Anthropology, later called the Robert H. Lowie Museum of Anthropology and renamed the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology in 1992. The original collection comprised 230,000 objects representing cultures and civilizations throughout history.
The museum now contains about 3.8 million objects. Throughout her lifetime and as provided in her will, Hearst donated over 60,000 objects to the museum. She also funded expeditions such as the
Hearst was named to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association as the second vice-regent representing California. She held that position from 1889 to 1918, contributing much time and money to the restoration of George Washington's home at Mount Vernon, furnishing it with Washington-owned objects and improving the visitor experience. The William Randolph Hearst Foundation continues to fund projects at Mount Vernon in her memory.[19]
Hearst also donated money to the restoration of Pohick Church in Virginia.[20]
Hearst chose a "different way" than radical feminists.[21] While she believed in women having financial freedom, in her support for women's suffrage she did not strongly believe in women gaining political power. She thought women should have the right to vote "to protect homes and children."[22] In 1895, when the Women's Congress resolved for the passage of a federal amendment, Hearst supported it "distantly".[23] She officially declared herself in favor of suffrage in the summer of 1911, saying it would enable "the betterment of conditions affecting children and women particularly."[24]
Religion
Hearst was raised a member of the Christian
Hearst had already been an early investor in the initiative of Sarah Farmer using the
Death
She died at her home, Hacienda del Pozo de Verona,[42] in Pleasanton, California, aged 76, on April 13, 1919, during the worldwide influenza epidemic of 1918–1919, and was buried at Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in Colma, California.[6][43][44]
References
- .
- ^ ISBN 978-0-81097-290-2.
- ^ Crawford County, Missouri Marriage Book, Volume B, page 139
- ^ "Phoebe Apperson Hearst - Hearst Castle". hearstcastle.org. 2012-11-15. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ^ "Phoebe Apperson Hearst - Hearst Castle". hearstcastle.org. 2012-11-15. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ^ a b Phoebe Apperson Hearst (1842–1919), Hearst Castle, archived from the original on 2007-06-29, retrieved 2007-06-18
- ISBN 978-0-81097-290-2.
- ^ Edward T. James, ed. (1971), Notable American Women 1607–1950, vol. II, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, p. 171
- ^ Century Club of California (1893), Historical Sketch, Century Club of California
- ^ "Phoebe Apperson Hearst - Hearst Castle". hearstcastle.org. 2012-11-15. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ^ "Development « Phoebe Hearst Preschool". www.phoebehearstpreschool.org. Retrieved 2015-12-03.
- ^ "Phoebe Apperson Hearst - Hearst Castle". hearstcastle.org. 2012-11-15. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ^ "Hearst Elementary School". Retrieved February 2, 2016.
- ^ "The Library's History". Hearst Free Library. Archived from the original on January 31, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
- ^ Jacknis, Ira (1999). "Patrons, Potters, and Painters: Phoebe Hearst's Collections from the American Southwest," in Collecting Native America, 1870-1960, ed. Shepard Krech III and Barbara A. Hail. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 144, 158, 161–62, 164 footnote 13.
- ^ Pezzati, Alex (2000). "A Crowning Achievement: Zelia Nuttall in Czarist Russia". Expedition. 42 (2): 7–8.
- ^ Cushing, F. H. (1896). Preliminary Report on the Exploration of Ancient Key-dweller Remains on the Gulf Coast of Florida (Public domain ed.). MacCalla. pp. 446–447.
- ^ Nunn, John F. (2002). Ancient Egyptian Medicine. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 35.
- ISBN 0-945092-22-9.
- ^ The Christian Advocate. T. Carlton & J. Porter. 1916. pp. 218–.
- ^ Nickliss, Alexandra M. (2018). Phoebe Apperson Hearst: A Life of Power and Politics. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 367.
- ^ Nickliss, Alexandra M. (2018). Phoebe Apperson Hearst: A Life of Power and Politics. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 370.
- ^ Nickliss, Alexandra M. (2018). Phoebe Apperson Hearst: A Life of Power and Politics. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 371.
- ^ Nickliss, Alexandra M. (2018). Phoebe Apperson Hearst: A Life of Power and Politics. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 383.
- ^ Owens, Billie Louise & Robert James (1976), Sons of Frontiersmen: History & Genealogy of Rowland, Whitmire and Associated Families, Billie Louise and Robert James Owens, p. 62
- ISBN 0-253-34687-8.
- ISBN 978-0-520-95411-3.
- ISBN 978-0-85398-543-3
- ISBN 978-0-85398-551-8.
- ISBN 0-253-34685-1
- ISBN 0-87413-383-1
- ISBN 0-87743-264-3
- ISBN 0-88920-272-9
- ^ Adams, Isaac (1906), Persia by a Persian: Personal Experiences, Manners, Customs, Habits, Religious and Social Life in Persia, New York Public Library: E. Stock, p. 489
- ISBN 0-87743-020-9
- OCLC 650516706. B00G5U5FW2.
- ^ Charles Mason Remey (1955) [1949]. Reminiscences of the summer school Green-Acre, Eliot, Maine: of seasons there, of happenings there, and some of the people who went there and the things they did. pp. 7–8.
- ^ Richardson, Robert P. (March 1931). "The Rise and Fall of the Parliament of Religions at Greenacre". The Open Court. XLVI (3): 128–166. Retrieved Oct 22, 2013.
- ^ Anne Gordon Atkinson (1997). "Introduction to Green Acre Baháʼí School". Bahai-Library.com. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
- ^ "Hooe will is filed". The Washington Herald. Washington, District of Columbia. 13 Jan 1911. p. 12. Retrieved August 7, 2015.
- ^ ISBN 0-85398-043-8.
- ^ "PCAD - Hearst, Phoebe Apperson, House, Pleasanton, CA". pcad.lib.washington.edu. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
- ^ "Mrs. Phoebe Hearst Dies in California. Her Son, W.R. Hearst, at Her Bedside When the End Came. Lived on the Frontier. Gave Millions to University of California and Cathedral School for Girls. Her Gifts to Art and Education. A Leader in Washington". The New York Times. April 13, 1919. Retrieved May 20, 2017.
Pleasanton, California, April 13, 1919. Mrs. Phoebe Apperson Hearst, widow of George Hearst, who was United States Senator from California, and mother of William Randolph Hearst, the publisher, died at her home here today, after an illness of several weeks.
- ^ "Buried at Cypress: A Billionaire and a Medical Mystery". Cypress Lawn. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 19 February 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
Phoebe Hearst commissioned the mausoleum, which is a reproduction of the Temple of Athena Nike in the Acropolis and features 16 granite columns.
Further reading
- Nickliss, Alexandra M. ""Phoebe Apperson Hearst's 'Gospel of Wealth,' 1883–1901," Pacific Historical Review 71#4 (Nov. 2002) pp 575–605.
- Nickliss, Alexandra M. Phoebe Apperson Hearst: A Life of Power and Politics (Bison Books, 2018) [ISBN missing]
- Paul, Rodman Wilson. "Phoebe Apperson Hearst," in Edward T. James et al. eds. Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary (3 vols., 1971), 2: 171. [ISBN missing]
External links
- Phoebe Apperson Hearst online archive, The Bancroft Library
- History of the PTA 1897–1899 The founding of the organization by Phoebe Apperson Hearst and Alice McLellan Birney