Pholidae
Gunnels | |
---|---|
Crescent gunnel, Pholis laeta | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
Suborder: | Zoarcoidei |
Family: | Pholidae Gill, 1893[1] |
Subfamilies and genera | |
see text |
Pholidae is a
Taxonomy
Pholidae was first put forward as a family in 1893 by the American zoologist Theodore Gill.
Etymology and spelling
Pholidae is derived from the name of the type genus Pholis which is an Ancient Greek name for a fish that hides in a hole, the name dating at least as far in history as Aristotle.[4]
The family has been spelled as Pholididae, and this is grammatically correct, but Article 29 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature permits the use of Pholidae.[5]
Subfamilies and genera
The Pholidae is subdivided into two subfamilies, four genera with a total of 15 species:[2][1][6]
- Subfamily PholinaeGill, 1893
- Subfamily Apodichthyinae Hubbs, 1927
- Genus Apodichthys Girard, 1854
- Genus , 1896
- Genus , 1897
Characteristics
Pholidae, the gunnels, have elongate, compressed bodies which resemble that of
Distribution, habitat and biology
Pholidae gunnels are predominantly found in the North Pacific Ocean off the western coasts of North America and the eastern coasts of Asia, except for two species in the genus Pholis which are found in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans. They are mostly found in rocky intertidal and nearby shallow waters below the tide line, particularly in areas of kelp and other seaweeds. They frequently hide under rocks and in rock pools in the intertidal zone. Their diet is made up of small crustaceans and molluscs.[5]
References
- ^ PMID 25543675.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
- PMID 28683774.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (4 July 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Zoarcales: Families: Anarhichadidae, Neozoarcidae, Eulophias, Stichaeidae, Lumpenidae, Ophistocentridae, Pholidae, Ptilichthyidae, Zaproridae, Cryptacanthodidae, Cebidichthyidae, Scytalinidae and Bathymasteridae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ ISSN 1545-150X.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Pholidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2022). "Pholidae" in FishBase. February 2022 version.
- "Pholidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 25 March 2006.