Pholis
Pholis | |
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Rock gunnel (Pholis gunnellus) | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
Family: | Pholidae |
Genus: | Pholis Scopoli, 1777 |
Type species | |
Blennius gunnellus Linnaeus, 1758
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Synonyms[1] | |
Pholis is a
, the gunnels. These fishes are found in shallow coastal waters of the North Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans.Taxonomy
Pholis was first proposed as a genus in 1777 by the Italian
Species
Pholis contains 11 species:[5]
- Pholis clemensi Rosenblatt, 1964
- Pholis crassispina (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
- Pholis fangi (Wang & Wang, 1935)
- Pholis fasciata Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
- Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Pholis laeta (Cope, 1873)
- Pholis nea Peden & Hughes, 1984
- Pholis nebulosa (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
- Pholis ornata (Girard, 1854)
- Pholis picta (Kner, 1868)
- Pholis schultzi Schultz, 1931
Characteristics
Philos species have the elongate, compressed bodies of other gunnels. They differ on that there is no interorbital pore and that the head lacks scales or has small scales which are only present in larger adults.
Distribution, habitat and biology
Pholis gunnels are predominantly found in the temperate and boreal wasters of the North Pacific Ocean but P. fasciatus and P. gunnellus are found in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, the only gunnels to occur outside the Pacific Ocean. These fishes are found in rocky areas in the intertidal zone and in the shallow waters below the low tide mark.
References
- ^ Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (4 July 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Zoarcales: Families: Anarhichadidae, Neozoarcidae, Eulophias, Stichaeidae, Lumpenidae, Ophistocentridae, Pholidae, Ptilichthyidae, Zaproridae, Cryptacanthodidae, Cebidichthyidae, Scytalinidae and Bathymasteridae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Pholis in FishBase. February 2022 version.
- ^ Yatsu, A. (1981). "A revision of the gunnel family Pholididae (Pisces, Blennioidei)". Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series A (Zoology). 7 (4): 165–190.
- ISSN 1545-150X.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Pholis gunnellus" in FishBase. February 2022 version.