Polyuria

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with polyurea or Frequent urination.
Polyuria
Other namesUrination - excessive amount[1]
Regulation of urine production by ADH and aldosterone
SpecialtyEndocrinology, nephrology
CausesPolydipsia, Psychogenic polydipsia[2][3]
Diagnostic methodUrine test and blood test[4]
TreatmentDepends on cause[5](See cause)

Polyuria (

sign of another disorder (not a disease by itself), but it can be classed as a disorder, at least when its underlying causes are not clear.[citation needed
]

Causes

The most common cause of polyuria in both adults and children is uncontrolled

adaptation to high altitudes. Mountaineers who are adapting well to high altitudes experience this type of diuresis. People who produce less urine even in the presence of adequate fluid intake are probably not adapting well to high altitudes.[10]

Urinary tract infection (bacteria are black and bean-shaped)

List of causes

Emphysematous cystitis
Lithium-carbonate
General

Urinary system

Hormonal

Circulation

Neurologic

Other

Mechanism

Polyuria, in osmotic cases, increases flow amount in the distal nephron where flow rates and velocity are low. The significant pressure increase occurring in the distal nephron takes place particularly in the cortical-collecting ducts. One study from 2008 laid out a hypothesis that hyperglycaemic and osmotic polyuria play roles ultimately in diabetic nephropathy.[40]

Diagnosis

Among the possible tests to diagnose polyuria are:[4]

Treatment

Depending on the cause of the polyuria, the adequate treatment should be afforded. According to NICE, desmopressin can be considered for nocturnal polyuria, which can be caused by diabetes mellitus,[5] if other medical treatments have failed. The recommendation had no studies that met the criteria for consideration.[41]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Urination – excessive amount". Medline Plus. United States National Library of Medicine. 27 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  2. ^
    ISBN 9781444320664
    . Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-0-7817-9153-3. Retrieved 5 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  4. ^ a b "Polyuria. Medical Professional reference for Polyuria. | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  5. ^
    ISBN 9783642548598
    .
  6. ^ a b c "Polyuria". Merck Manuals. November 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  7. ^ "Definition of Diuresis". MedTerms. 30 October 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  8. ^ "Diuresis". The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  9. ISBN 9789351520931
    .
  10. ^ Research, Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition; Marriott, Bernadette M.; Carlson, Sydne J. (1996), "Fluid Metabolism at High Altitudes", Nutritional Needs In Cold And In High-Altitude Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations, National Academies Press (US), retrieved 2024-03-04
  11. ISBN 978-1416042525
    . Retrieved 5 August 2015.
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    . Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  13. ISBN 978-0-7020-4091-7. Retrieved 5 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  14. ISBN 978-1-58528-343-9. Retrieved 5 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help
    )
  15. ISBN 978-0-323-04177-5. Retrieved 5 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help
    )
  16. ISBN 978-3-642-35572-1
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  17. ISBN 9781582556680
    . Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  18. ISBN 978-0-8036-1498-7. Retrieved 5 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  19. ISBN 978-0-7020-4762-6. Retrieved 6 August 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  20. ^ "Pediatric Pheochromocytoma Clinical Presentation". Medscape.com. eMedicine. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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    )
  23. ISBN 978-1-907904-25-7
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  24. PMID 22021708
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  25. ^ "Panhypopituitarism Clinical Presentation". Medscape.com. eMedicine. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  26. ISBN 978-0-7216-0324-7
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  27. ISBN 978-1-4511-1656-4
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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  30. ISBN 978-184619-433-7. Retrieved 6 August 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
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    )
  32. ISBN 978-1-4200-0798-5
    . Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  33. ^ "Migraine Headache Clinical Presentation". Medscape.com. eMedicine. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  34. ISBN 978-0-323-02964-3. Retrieved 6 August 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
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  36. ISBN 978-0-7817-7332-4. Retrieved 6 August 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
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  37. ISBN 978-81-7179-648-9
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  38. ^ "Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation". Medscape.com. eMedicine. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  39. PMID 12857779
    .
  40. PMID 18456680
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  41. ^ "Nocturia and nocturnal polyuria in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: oral desmopressin | key-points-from-the-evidence | Advice | NICE". www.nice.org.uk. Retrieved 2015-08-03.

Further reading

External links

Scholia has a topic profile for Polyuria.
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