Proka Jovkić

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Proka Jovkić
Born(1886-08-27)27 August 1886
Died27 April 1915(1915-04-27) (aged 28)
Cause of deathTyphus
NationalitySerbian
OccupationWriter

Proka Jovkić (

war poet
.

Biography

Vivid pictures of Proka Jovkić's boyhood are to be found in the pages of his poems, published in Serbian newspapers in San Francisco before the First Balkan War of 1912. Born in

Grandes écoles in Belgrade. While growing up he wanted to learn everything about life and that wanderlust took him across the Atlantic Ocean in 1903. Going there he was forced to work rather than study. That's where his real education came in work on ships and ranches and in roaming much of the United States and Canada as an itinerant worker. It was from Ellis Island and New York City that he went to Oakland, California
, and published his first poetry book under the pseudonym of Nestor Žučni (Nestor the Embittered). Of all prominent Serbian writers of that period, only Proka Jovkić brought to his literary work so varied and adventurous a background.

Early resolved to be a poet and journalist, Jovkić found his best material in

Mihailo Pupin
, the two most prominent Serbs of their day. Jovkić's output was soon eagerly sought by popular newspapers and magazines and collected in book form.

Jovkić's life as an itinerant worker had made him a rebel and study had made him a

socialist
. Much of his writing expressed the social protest reflected in this activity, notably Nestor Žučni (Nestor the Embittered), his first book of collected poems.

Encouraged by positive reviews of Jovan Skerlić from back home (in Belgrade), he soon published his second book Poezije neba i zemlje (Poetry of Heaven and Earth, first published in San Francisco, 1910). After moving back to Serbia to join the army in the First Balkan War, he published his third and final poetry book – Kniga borbe i života (The Book of Battles and Life Struggles, 1912) in Serbia. He succumbed to typhus some three years later in Niš.

Work

The first Serbian-American poet, Proka Jovkić lived in San Francisco and Oakland at the beginning of the century, from 1903 to 1911. The epithet “the poet-torch” underlines the character of his poetry; his work was greatly influenced by the tempestuous events at the turn of the century in his native land menaced by war. Under the impact of

Maxim Gorki and owing to the resemblance of their lives, he coined the pseudonym Nestor Žućni (Nestor the Embittered), which denotes the bitterness of one's existence. (Some have unfairly compared him with Jack London
). This literary Bohemian earned his bread first as a typographer and then as an editor of the daily Serb Independence in San Francisco. Creator of the new sensibility in patriotic poetry, his poems of exile and national struggle were enflamed. The literary revolt, pronounced in his verses, inspired the Promethean Pesme: Nezadovoljnika i Roba (Poems: Dissatisfied and Imprisoned).

See also

References

  • Jovan Skerlić, Istorija nove srpske književnosti// (Belgrade, 1914 and 1921), page 465