Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a

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Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a
Silver Dirham minted in the name of Qatari (694–695 CE)
Born
Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a al-Mazini al-Tamimi

Al Khuwayr, Umayyad Caliphate
(present-day Qatar)[1]
Diedc. 698–699 CE
Semnan, Persia
(present-day Iran)
Cause of deathKilled in battle[2]
Years active687–698/699
Known forLeader of the Azariqa sub-sect
TitleAmir al-Mu'minin
(leader of the faithful)
PredecessorNafi ibn al-Azraq
SuccessorMovement disbanded

Qaṭari ibn al-Fujaʾa (

Kharjite leader and poet.[4] Born in Al Khuwayr, he ruled over the Azariqa faction of the Kharjites for more than ten years after the death of Nafi ibn al-Azraq in c. 685 CE.[5] He led an uprising against the Umayyad Caliphate for more than 20 years.[6]

Caliphs.[6] His nicknames were Na'ama (ostrich) and Abu al-Mawt (father of death).[6] It has been asserted that he was the first Khawarji leader to promote jihadism, as his poems glorified courage, death and war in the name of Allah.[6]

He minted the first known Kharijite coins, the earliest of which dated to 688 or 689.[8] It was minted in the Arab-Sasanian style. The coin bore the Pahlavi inscription "‛Abdallah Qatari, the Commander of the Faithful, who has increased the royal glory".[9]

Role in Azariqa faction

In 687, Ibn al-Fuja'a assumed leadership over the Azariqa sub-sect of the

Khawarij sect of Islam during the Second Fitna. Leading his troops from Kerman, he recaptured portions of Ahvaz and marched towards Basra.[8]

Around 698 or 699, the governor of Iraq al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf sent two of his generals, al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra and Sufyan ibn al-Abrad al-Kalbi, to attack Ibn al-Fuja'a and his men who were encamped in Tabaristan. After fleeing to Semnan, Ibn al-Fuja'a was confronted by Sufyan's forces. Ibn al Fuja'a's forces were defeated and he was decapitated in the encounter.[10][11] Shortly after the battle, the remnants of the Azariqa faction met their demise under the leadership of 'Abida ibn Hilal, marking the end of the Islamic sub-sect.[8]

References

  1. ^ al-Aqlām. Vol. 1. Wizārat al-Thaqāfah wa-al-Irshād. وذكر في وفيات الاعيان لابن خنكان ابو نعامة قطري بن الفجاءة واسمه جعونة ين مازن بن يزيد اين زياد ين حبتر بن مالك ين عمرو رين تهيم بن مر التميمي الثسيباني ولد في الجنوب الشرقي من قرية الخوير شمال قطر في
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0415571135
    .
  3. ^ al-Jahjah, 'Ghuraba'’ ('Strangers'), Sada al-Malahim 6 (Nov 2008)
  4. ISBN 978-8171511945
    .
  5. ^ Sonbol, Amira El-Azhary (2012). Gulf Women (PDF). Bloomsbury Academic Publishing. p. 42.
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-0761847489
    .
  7. ^ Yosri, Mohamed (28 March 2018). "Vom Stamm der Quraisch" (in German). Qantara.de. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  8. ^ a b c Gaiser, Adam R (2010). "What do we learn about the early Kharijites and Ibadiyya from their coins?". Journal of the American Oriental Society. The Journal of the American Oriental Society.
  9. ^ "Rival caliph Qatari bin al-Fuja'a". Digitaler Ausstellungskatalog. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  10. ISBN 9781286740378
    .
  11. ISBN 9780520005730
    .

Further reading

  • Yūnus, Ibrāhīm ʻAbd al-Muṭṭalib (1976). قطري بن الفجاءة : فارس من قطر (Qaṭarī ibn al-Fujāʼah : fāris min Qaṭar) (in Arabic). Cairo : al-Muʼassasah al-Afrū-ʻArabīyah.
  • Qassab, Walid (1993). قطري بن الفجاءة : حياته وشعره / وليد قصاب (Qaṭarī ibn al-Fujāʾah : ḥayātuhu wa-shiʻruh) (in Arabic). al-Dawḥah : Dār al-Thaqāfah.
  • Shammarī, Hazzāʻ ibn ʻĪd (2000). قطري بن الفجاءة : الفارس الشاعر (Qaṭarī ibn al-Fujāʼah : al-Fāris al-shāʻir) (in Arabic). al-Riyāḍ : Dār Ajā.

External links
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