Science Ninja Team Gatchaman
Science Ninja Team Gatchaman | |
ADV Films release (DVD 18) | |
科学忍者隊ガッチャマン (Kagaku Ninja-tai Gatchaman) | |
---|---|
Genre | Action, Superhero |
Created by | Tatsuo Yoshida |
Science Ninja Team Gatchaman | |
---|---|
Created by | Fuji TV |
Release | October 1, 1972 September 29, 1974[1] | –
Science Ninja Team Gatchaman (科学忍者隊ガッチャマン, Kagaku Ninja-tai Gatchaman, lit. Science Ninja Squad Gatchaman) is a
The original Kagaku Ninja-tai Gatchaman series was followed by
In the years since, the franchise has spawned many different productions, some that were left unproduced or evolved significantly from its development. This includes a 1994
Original series
Plot
Recurring themes of Gatchaman involve conservation, environmentalism and the responsible use of technology for progress.[4] The series centers around five young superhero ninja employed by Kōzaburō Nambu of the fictitious International Science Organization to oppose an international terrorist organization of technologically advanced villains (Galactor) who are trying to control Earth's natural resources, such as water, oil, sugar and uranium. The leader of Galactor is an androgynous, masked antagonist named Berg Katse, who is later revealed to be a shape-shifting mutant acting on the orders of an alien superior (Leader X). Their mechas are often animal-based.[5]
Most of the team are in their late teens, except for Jinpei (who is about ten or eleven years old). They include Ken Washio, the team leader and tactical expert; Jō Asakura, his second-in-command marksman and weapons expert; Jun, the team's
The Gatchaman team employs a unique and effective martial art developed by Dr. Nambu, drawing on their ability to perform feats similar to their avian namesakes, such as high-speed running, flight, high jumping, and silent attacks. This fighting system, known as Science Ninja Technique (科学忍法, Kagaku Ninpō), is mentioned in the Japanese lyrics of the Gatchaman theme. The team members also use signature weapons and mecha-style vehicles, each with a mundane, disguised form. To change modes, each member is equipped with a wrist device that, in addition to communications and tracking, enables a change when the proper gesture and voice command ("Bird, go!") is given.
Their vehicles are docked in the team's main vehicle: the God Phoenix, a supersonic plane capable of underwater travel and space flight. The God Phoenix is armed with Bird Missiles, which are fired from a rack mounted atop the center section. After the original God Phoenix is destroyed by an octopus mecha, an improved version carries a pair of Super Bird Missiles in twin drop-down pods on the bottom center section. The ship also has an energy-beam weapon that opens the nose doors for the weapon apparatus mounted on the frame holding Joe's car; however, its solar power source is unreliable because of its sensitivity to cloud cover. The plane can also temporarily transform into a massive bird of flame (like the legendary phoenix) to escape danger or attack, although the process endangers the team because of extreme pressure in the passenger cabin and it consumes a great deal of fuel.
Characters
- Ken the Eagle
- Ken Washio (鷲尾 健), a pilot, is the leader of the Science Ninja Team. "Gatchaman" designates the team leader. Ken's father disappeared during a flight, becoming Red Impulse. Ken did not know his father and was raised by Dr. Nambu.[7]
- Jō the Condor
- Jō Asakura (ジョー 浅倉), a race car driver of Japanese-Italian descent, he is the sub-leader of the team. Jō was born George Asakura (ジョージ 浅倉, Jōji Asakura), the son of Giuseppe Asakura and his wife Caterina (members of Galactor, who were killed by a Galactor rose bomb when they tried to escape). Dr. Nambu rescued the boy, named him Jō to hide him from Galactor and raised him as his son.[7]
- Jun the Swan
- Jun (ジュン) is Japanese-American. Raised in an orphanage, her last name is never disclosed in the anime. In her free time, she enjoys riding her motorcycle and runs Snack Bar J.
- Jinpei the Swallow
- Jinpei (甚平) is also an orphan and grew up with Jun. His last name is not disclosed in the anime either, and he lives with Jun in Snack Bar J.
- Ryū the Owl
- Ryū Nakanishi (中西竜), a fisherman's son, he is the manager of a yacht harbor and the main pilot of God Phoenix. He is the only person on the team with a family (parents and a younger brother).
Episodes
Production
Created in the wake of the Henshin (transformation) boom begun by Shotaro Ishinomori's Kamen Rider in 1971, Gatchaman was conceived as a blending of ninja adventure with science fiction.[8] It was one of the most successful anime attempts to emulate the American superhero genre, with many of its conventions (such as colorful costumes).[citation needed]
Film version
In 1978, Tatsunoko released a condensed theatrical compilation of the first two-story arcs in the series with additional new animation.
The film was released in English for the first time by Sentai Filmworks in 2015.[9] The dub featured the cast reprising their roles from the ADV dub of the original TV anime for the film.[10]
Adaptations
After its broadcast in Japan, Gatchaman was later exported to other countries and translated into several languages. In Taiwan, beginning in 1977 it was known as Ke Xue Xiao Fei Xia (「科學小飛俠」/“科学小飞侠” kēxué xiǎofēixiá, Scientific Flying Fantasy Warriors).
The original series has seen several English adaptations with varying levels of modifications. Many of these versions later spawned foreign-language releases of their own:
Battle of the Planets
Sandy Frank and Jameson Brewer syndicated the series on American television in 1978, in heavily edited form, as Battle of the Planets (BOTP).[11] In this version, the team was known as G-Force and protected the Earth from constant threats from the planet Spectra. Several scenes were replaced with new segments by Gallerie International Films, with additional characters: the robot 7-Zark-7 and his associates, 1-Rover-1 (a robot dog) and Susan (a sentient computer), all of which were stationed at the outpost Centre Neptune and provided both comic relief and linking narrative to the wider story. Other segments included the Phoenix flying in space.[12] The quality of the new segments did not match the original content, with the G-Force and 7-Zark-7 never actually appearing together. New music by Hoyt Curtin was blended with the original soundtrack.[13] Although all 105 episodes of Gatchaman were used as sources, only 85 episodes of BOTP were produced. An animated TV movie was made, combining several episodes into a new storyline. In 2003, Sandy Frank announced a series of eight compilation films that ultimately went unreleased.[14][15]
Battle of the Planets was released on VHS and DVD from 2001 to 2003 by
Battle of the Planets: Phoenix Ninjas
Battle of the Planets: Phoenix Ninjas is a scrapped reboot of the first American adaptation of Science Ninja Team Gatchaman. Tatsunoko partnered up with d-rights and Nelvana, a Canadian animation company owned by Corus Entertainment, on the project. The last new information on the project was in 2016 and it appears to be canceled.
G-Force: Guardians of Space
With Battle of the Planets ending its syndicated run and broadcast standards becoming laxer, a second English translation from Turner Program Services and Fred Ladd, by license of Sandy Frank, was produced. Entitled G-Force: Guardians of Space, this adaptation consisted of 85 episodes, spanning episodes 1–87 but skipping episodes 81 and 86. The series aired internationally beginning in 1987, but would not air in its entirety in the U.S until its run on Cartoon Network in 1995 & Air on toonami's midnight run in 2000. Although this version was less heavily edited and had a relatively faithful translation, the voice acting, background music and the Americanized character names were criticized.[citation needed]
A single episode from G-Force was included as a bonus on Rhino's individual Battle of the Planets DVDs released through 2001 and 2003.[16] Seven more episodes were released in a 2004 best-of collection, making 13 out of the show's 85 episodes available on disc.[19]
Battle of the Planets: The New Exploits of G-Force
Development began for an uncensored version of Battle of the Planets. An animated TV movie was made (Battle of the Planets: The Movie, featuring David Bret Edgen as Zark), combining several episodes into a new storyline. In 2003, Sandy Frank announced a series of 8 compilation films that ultimately went unreleased.[14][15]
Sandy Frank announced a third English adaptation of the series in 2003 that was also never released. Battle of the Planets: The New Exploits of G-Force was set to be a 52-episode series encompassing content from the first 85 episodes of Gatchaman, the 20 previously unlocalized ones [
DVD releases
At
In 2007 Sandy Frank's long-term contract with Tatsunoko Productions (owners of the Gatchaman franchise), which gave it all domestic U.S rights to the first Gatchaman series and its English adaptations, lapsed and all video releases went out of print. Sentai Filmworks, a company founded by the creators of ADV, later signed a contract with Tatsunoko, acquiring the North American home video rights to the Gatchaman franchise in 2013.[26] Section23 Films released a complete collection of the series on DVD and Blu-ray on December 10, 2013. The Blu-ray set contains 14 discs in three keep cases, and the DVD set has 22 discs in four cases.[27] Both sets contain all 105 episodes of the original series (with the ADV Films English version and Japanese audio).
Other anime series
Gatchaman II
A sequel, filmed with a different color process, was released four years later. Resembling the Blue Hawk, the new God Phoenix is larger and painted with the face of a bird. The personal mecha are also upgraded, with similar bird-designed paint jobs. Ryu has a tank-like mecha and a Pilot Machine to assist him.
Gatchaman II sees Sosai X turn a young shipwreck survivor into his newest commander Gel Sadoma and resumes his plot to destroy the Earth. Gatchaman reunites with Joe, now a cyborg, after Galactor sends a spy to serve as his replacement on the team. The group is also aided by Dr. Pandora, who is revealed to be Gel Sadoma's mother.
In the end, Sosai X is destroyed by Joe and Gel Sadoma dies after betraying Sosai X, after the villain murders her mother.
Episodes from this series and Gatchaman Fighter were combined and translated into English as
Another release in South Korea is Eagle 5 Brothers (독수리 5 형제, Dokksuri Hyeongje) which does not contain unusual changes in audio. Instead, it contains visual changes.
Gatchaman Fighter
This series aired in 1979, immediately after Gatchaman II. Here, the team's mecha bear no resemblance to birds. Earth is again threatened by evil; the mad tyrant Egoblauser (who has usurped control over the shattered forces of Galactor) and Sosai X, who has been reborn as Sosai Z.
Unlike Gatchaman II, Gatchaman Fighter is a much darker series, especially in the final episodes with regards to casualties and deaths of longtime series characters. The ending itself has Gatchaman presumed dead, sacrificing their lives to destroy Sosai X once and for all.
Select episodes from this series and Gatchaman II were combined and translated into English as
Gatchaman (OVA)
A 1994 original video animation remake series produced in association with Artmic that featured updated character designs and altered backgrounds.[28]
Urban Vision released it on VHS in 1997 and DVD in 2001 with an English dub produced by Harmony Gold and Japanese audio with English subtitles.[29] In 2013, Sentai Filmworks licensed the series and produced a new English dub from Seraphim Digital with the same cast as their ADV/Sentai's releases of the original series and film.[26][30] The new dub was released on DVD and Blu-Ray and is available for streaming on The Anime Network.[31][32]
New Gatchaman
New Gatchaman (新ガッチャマン, Shin Gatchaman) is a project that was attempted around the same time that
NTT/SMAP Gatchaman
NTT Gatchaman was a series of commercials that were made to promote the Internet service provider NTT-East in fall 2000. Some of the commercials featured Japanese boy band group SMAP portraying live action versions of the characters, while the other two were animated by Tatsunoko Production and featured modernized costume redesigns of the Science Ninja Team. The animated commercials were directed by Keiichi Sato, with character designs by Kenji Hayama. A light novel based on these commercials were sent by e-mail by NTT-East as a gift for new subscribers. To this date, the contents of this light novel remain unknown. Based on sketches found on the Internet, fans have speculated if the commercials were an attempt to revive the franchise with a new anime. However, no such series was made at that time, and the franchise would not receive any new animated material for thirteen years until Gatchaman Crowds.
Good Morning Ninja Team Gatchaman
In 2011, Tatsunoko produced a series of 200 two-minute flash animated shorts called Good Morning Ninja Team Gatchaman (おはよう忍者隊ガッチャマン, Ohayō Ninja Tai Gatchaman) for broadcast on NTV's Zip! television series. While the series used the original's designs, it was more comedic in nature and featured none of the original actors. The characters were instead voiced by Scha Dara Parr's Bose and Ani, along with actor Tomu Miyazaki.[33]
Additional shorts were produced in promotion of the Japanese launch of Monster Hunter 3 Ultimate.[34]
Gatchaman Crowds
A reboot of the Gatchaman series premiered in July 2013 on NTV. The story is set in
As it aired in Japan, both seasons of the show were simulcast on Crunchyroll.[37][38] Sentai Filmworks licensed and dubbed both seasons. They released them on home video between 2014 and 2016.[39][40][41]
Crossovers
Ken the Eagle ,Jun the swan and other Tatsunoko superheroes with their first crossover game for the playstation Video game Tatsunoko Fight developed by Takara released in 2000.
On March 26, 2016, Tatsunoko announced a collaboration with
Film adaptations
Canceled Imagi film
At the July 2008
In December 2009, auditors reported growing concerns with the half-year results posted by Imagi. Although the company said that it was on course for the release of
Nikkatsu film
Nikkatsu Studios produced a live-action version of Gatchaman for Japan, which was released in August 2013.[67]
American live-action film
It was announced at the San Diego Comic Con in July 2019 that
Character variations
Team variations in different versions
Gatchaman | Battle of the Planets | G-Force | Eagle Riders | OVA (Harmony Gold dub) | Rank | Bird Uniform | Weapon | Mecha | Voice actor (Gatchaman) |
Voice actor (Gatchaman OVA) |
Voice actor (BOTP) |
Voice actor (G-Force) |
Voice actor (Harmony Gold OVA dub) |
Voice actor (Eagle Riders) |
Voice actor (ADV TV/Sentai OVA dub)
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ken Washio | Mark | Ace Goodheart | Hunter Harris | Ken the Eagle | G1 | Eagle | Razor boomerang | Airplane | Katsuji Mori | Masaya Onosaka | Casey Kasem | Sam Fontana | Eddie Frierson | Richard Cansino | Leraldo Anzaldua |
George "Joe" Asakura | Jason | Dirk Daring | Joe Thax | Joe the Condor | G2 | Condor | Pistol | Race Car | Isao Sasaki | Kōji Ishii | Ronnie Schell | Cam Clarke | Richard Cansino | Bryan Cranston | Brian Jepson |
Jun | Princess | Agatha "Aggie" June | Kelly Jennar | June the Swan | G3 | Swan | Yo-yo | Motorcycle | Kazuko Sugiyama | Michiko Neya | Janet Waldo | Barbara Goodson | Lara Cody | Heidi Noelle Lenhart |
Kim Prause |
Jinpei | Keyop | Pee Wee | Mickey Dugan | Jimmy the Falcon | G4 | Swallow | Bolo | Dune Buggy | Yoku Shioya | Rica Matsumoto | Alan Young | Barbara Goodson | Mona Marshall | Mona Marshall | Luci Christian |
Ryu Nakanishi | Tiny Harper | Hoot "Hooty" Owl | Ollie Keeawani | Rocky the Owl | G5 | Owl | Pistol | God Phoenix | Shingo Kanemoto | Fumihiko Tachiki | Alan Dinehart | Jan Rabson/ Gregg Berger | Richard Epcar | Paul Schrier | Victor Carsrud
|
Other character variations in different versions
Gatchaman | Battle of the Planets | G-Force | Eagle Riders | OVA (Harmony Gold Dub) | Voice actor (Gatchaman) |
Voice actor (BOTP) |
Voice actor (G-Force) |
Voice actor (Gatchaman OVA) |
Voice actor (Eagle Riders) |
Voice actor (Harmony Gold OVA dub) |
Voice actor (ADV TV/Sentai OVA dub)
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dr. Kozaburo Nambu-hakase | Chief Anderson | Dr. Benjamin Brighthead | Dr. Thaddeus Keane | Dr. Kozaburo Nambu | Tōru Ōhira | Alan Dinehart | Jan Rabson/Gregg Berger | Ikuya Sawaki | Michael McConnohie | Greg O'Neill | Andy McAvin |
ISO Director Anderson | President Kane | Anderson / Cmdr. Todd (some episodes) | Anderson | Director Anderson | Teiji Ōmiya | Edward Andrews | Jan Rabson/Gregg Berger | Yonehiko Kitagawa | Michael Forest | Marty Fleck | |
Red Impulse / Kentaro Washio | Col. Cronos | Red Impulse / Kendrick Goodheart | Red Impulse / Harley Harris | Red Spectre / Kentaro Washio | Keye Luke | Cam Clarke | Unshō Ishizuka | Bob Papenbrook | John Tyson | ||
Berg Katse | Zoltar | Galactor | Lukan | Solaris | Mikio Terashima | Keye Luke | Bill Capizzi | Kaneto Shiozawa | R. Martin Klein | Edwin Neal | |
Sosai (Leader) X | O Luminous One / The Great Spirit |
Computor | Cybercom | Lord Zortek | Nobuo Tanaka | Keye Luke | Jan Rabson/Gregg Berger | Nobuo Tanaka | Ralph Votrais | Peter Spellos | Winston Parish |
Gel Sadra | Mallanox | Masaru Ikeda | R. Martin Klein | ||||||||
Sylvie Pandora-hakase | Dr. Francine Aikens | Dr. Sylvie Pandora | Miyuka Ieda | Lara Cody | |||||||
Announcer | Hideo Kinoshita/Shūsei Nakamura | William Woodson (Main) / Alan Young (Zark) |
Norm Prescott | George Manley |
Other changes
Variations | Gatchaman (Japanese) | Battle of the Planets | Guardians of Space | Eagle Riders | OVA (English, Harmony Gold) | Gatchaman (English) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identity change command | Bird, go!‡ | Transmute! | G-Force, transform! | Eagle Mode, now! |
|
Bird, go! | ||||||||
Enemy planet | Selectol | Spectra | Galactor | Vorak | Galactor | Selectol | ||||||||
Enemy civilization | Galactor (Gyarakutā) | Spectra | Galactor | Vorak | Galactor | Galactor |
‡The original Japanese-language version of Gatchaman features a few words in English.
Video games
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2013) |
Ken, Jun and Berg appear as playable characters in Tatsunoko Fight. Ken and Jun appear as playable fighters in Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Cross Generation of Heroes, and Joe joins Ken and Jun in Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Ultimate All-Stars.
Comics
In July 2023, it was announced that Mad Cave Studios partnered with Tatsunoko Productions to publish a new comic book [70]
Reception
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2013) |
In 2001, the Japanese magazine Animage listed the 1972 Gatchaman TV series the 10th-best anime production of all time.[71]
Legacy
Impact
Gatchaman helped establish the convention of the five-member hero team emulated in later series, notably in the successful tokusatsu Super Sentai franchise (a genre exemplified by the English series adaptation of the Power Rangers franchise many years later). The Sentai series Chōjin Sentai Jetman was, in many ways, a homage to Gatchaman.[5][72]
Guest appearances and pop culture references
- The Italian cartoon Winx Club parodied Gatchaman in the episode "Battle on Planet Eraklyon" when several characters form the superhero quintet "Patchamen," with uniforms and mannerisms bearing striking resemblances to those of the Science Ninja Team.
- In 1994, the Science Ninja Team and Dr. Nambu appeared in a crossover OVA, Time Bokan: Royal Revival.
- In 2000,
- They appeared in several episodes of the 2008 reboot of Yatterman as background characters and played a minor speaking role in the hour-long "Episode 12.5" TV special.
- The third episode of Sket Dance has Jun as a playable character in a re-enactment of Tatsunoko vs. Capcom.
- The face of one of the characters appears in episode 252 of the Gin Tamaanime.
- Archie's Sonic the Hedgehogcomic series parodied Gatchaman in Sonic Super Special issue #12.
- A parody of Gatchaman was used in the cartoon Megas XLR as the S-Force, appearing in two episodes.
- Joe is the reference of the Yu-Gi-Oh! TCG card, "Swift Birdman Joe".
- The character Ushiwaka in the Clover Studios video game Ōkami wears a hood that resembles that of the Gatchaman cast members.
- The Ame-Comi version of Batgirl has a costume with design similarities to the Gatchaman costume. She is also equipped with Batarangs that look identical to Ken the Eagle's Birdrangs.
- The character of Lord Viper in the 90s cartoon King Arthur and the Knights of Justice appears to be based on the design of Spectra foot soldiers.
References
- ^ 科学忍者隊ガッチャマン サブタイトルリスト. Tatsunoko Production (in Japanese). Retrieved 20 July 2008.
- ^ "Gatchaman Vol 1 : DVD Talk Review of the DVD Video". Dvdtalk.com. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ^ "Gatchaman Collection DVD". Anime News Network. 2002-01-12. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ^ "Gatchaman Vol 3 : DVD Talk Review of the DVD Video". Dvdtalk.com. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ^ a b "GATCHAMAN! The story of Tatsuo Yoshida and his greatest creation". Comic Book Resources. 2008-05-11. Archived from the original on 2008-12-04. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
- Tatsunoko Productions. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ^ a b "科学忍者隊ガッチャマン キャラクター". 2008-09-17. Archived from the original on September 17, 2008. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ISBN 1-893905-18-7.
- ^ "Sentai Filmworks to Release 1978 Gatchman Film With English Dub". Anime News Network. July 21, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Gatchaman: The Movie Anime Film's Full English Dub Cast Revealed". Anime News Network. October 28, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- Japan Times. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Animation". BattleofthePlanets.info. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Music". BattleofthePlanets.info. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
- ^ ISBN 1-893905-18-7.
- ^ a b c Saylor, Jeff (February 3, 2003). "BATTLE OF THE PLANETS Returns to Television". Figures.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2003. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ a b Harris, Franklin (April 26, 2001). "'Battle of the Planets' comes to DVD with all the extras". Pop Culture Productions. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ Beveridge, Chris (May 23, 2014). "The Anime Network Adds 'Battle Of The Planets' Series". The Fandom Post. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ Beveridge, Chris (May 26, 2014). "'Battle of the Planets' Anime Begins Hulu Distribution". The Fandom Post. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ Lacey, Gord (August 15, 2004). "G-Force: Guardians of Space – "Best of" DVD Planned". TVShowsonDVD.com. Archived from the original on November 5, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Battle of the Planets – Photos". Facebook. April 9, 2008. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Battle of the Planets, New Series Details". Anime News Network. February 4, 2003. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Anime Central: ADV – Anime Central 2004". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- ^ "ADV Announces Final Gatchaman Collection October 17". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- ^ "Gatchaman Collection 6 : DVD Talk Review of the DVD Video". Dvdtalk.com. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- ^ "ADV Films June 20 Releases Gatchaman, Sister Princess Collections – Anime News Network". Us.animenewsnetwork.com. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Sentai Filmworks Adds Gatchaman, DiGi Charat, Godanner Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
- ^ "SECTION23 Films Announces October Slate". Anime News Network. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
- ^ "Gatchaman Collection". Mania. Archived from the original on 22 November 2008. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
- ^ "Harmony Gold Entertainment Catalog". Harmony Gold. Archived from the original on December 31, 2005. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Thomas, Mark (March 26, 2014). "Gatchaman Complete Collection Anime DVD Review". The Fandom Post. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ Beveridge, Chris (September 12, 2014). "'Gatchaman' OVAs Begin Digital Distribution On The Anime Network". The Fandom Post. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Sentai Filmworks' Gatchaman DVD & Blu-ray Delays Listed". Anime News Network. October 12, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Science Ninja Team Gatchaman Gets New TV Flash Shorts". Anime News Network. April 18, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "This is madness: Gatchaman promotes Monster Hunter Tri 3G". Destructoid. September 15, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Maaya Uchida Stars in Gatchaman Crowds Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
- ^ "Gatchaman Crowds Anime Gets 2nd Season". Anime News Network. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Crunchyroll to Stream Gatchaman Crowds TV Anime". Anime News Network. July 9, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Crunchyroll to Stream Monster Musume, Million Doll This Summer; The Perfect Insider in October". Anime News Network. July 4, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Sentai Filmworks Adds Gatchaman Crowds TV Anime". Anime News Network. September 5, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Sentai Filmworks Licenses Gatchaman Crowds Insight Anime". Anime News Network. August 20, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Gatchaman Crowds Insight's English Dub Cast, Preview Clip Unveiled". Anime News Network. October 12, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Tatsunoko's Tachumaru Zukan SD Project Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. August 17, 2010. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Infini-T Force Manga Gets 'Full 3DCG' Anime". Anime News Network. March 26, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Infini-T Force 'Full 3DCG' Anime's 1st Promo Video Teases Gatchaman". Anime News Network. April 8, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- Malaysia Star. 4 January 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ Saint John, Robert (10 June 2006). "Gatchaman Returns... To The Big Screen". SciFi Japan. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ "Yatterman, Gatchaman Live-Action Movies Green-Lit". Anime News Network. 2008-07-10. Retrieved 20 July 2008.
- ^ Schilling, Mark (11 April 2007). "Nikkatsu draws on toons". Variety. Archived from the original on 24 June 2011. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ a b "Astro Boy maintenu, Gatchaman sur la corde raide" (in French). Otakia. 9 January 2009. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
- ^ DeMott, Rick (9 June 2006). "Imagi Prepares New CG-Animated Gatchaman Feature". Animation World Network. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ "Gatchaman : Robert Mark Kamen à l'écriture" (in French). Unification France. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- IESB. Archived from the originalon 17 April 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- Bloody-Disgusting. 4 April 2008. Archived from the originalon 16 October 2010. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- Superhero Hype. 21 September 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ Harris, Jeffrey (11 September 2009). "Interview with writer, Paul Dini". 411mania. Archived from the original on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ "Robert Mark Kamen to write new "Gatchaman" film". Active Anime. 13 June 2007. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
- Screen Daily. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- MTV.com. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ "Gunpla Builders, CG Gatchaman Promo Videos Streamed". Anime News Network. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
- ^ Frater, Patrick (29 December 2008). "Imagi has auditors' 'concern'". Variety. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ a b Tribbey, Chris (3 June 2009). "Imagi Seeks Licensing Deals for 'Gatchaman'". Home Media Magazine. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ a b "CG Astro Boy's Imagi Studio Lays Off 300+ Employees". Anime News Network. February 6, 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
- ^ "Imagi Animation Studio Closes Los Angeles Office". Anime News Network. 27 January 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
- ^ McLean, Thomas J. (29 January 2010). "Imagi Closes L.A. Studio". Animation Magazine. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ Gediminas, J. (26 January 2010). "Imagi International Holdings Ltd (OTCBB: IINHY) Still In Talks To Raise Capital". HotStocked.com. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ^ Green, Scott (2011-06-21). "Imagi Gatchaman CG Movie... Looked Dead... Coffin Now Nailed Shut". Crunchyroll. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
- ^ Brown, Todd (2012-10-12). "Live Action GATCHAMAN (aka BATTLE OF THE PLANETS, G-FORCE) Hits Japanese Screens Summer 2013". Twitch Films. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
- ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (July 19, 2019). "Russo Brothers' AGBO Studios Developing 'Grimjack Comics' & Japanese Anime 'Battle Of The Planets' – Comic-Con". Deadline. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ Battle of the Planets, Magic: The Gathering, and Grimjack Updates from Joe Russo
- ^ "Mad Cave Studios and Tatsunoko Announce Partnership to Publish Gatchaman Comics". 14 July 2023.
- ^ "Animage Top-100 Anime Listing". Anime News Network. January 15, 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2013.
- ^ "New from Japan: Anime Film Reviews". Animation World Network. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
- ^ "Gatchaman Returns Starring SMAP" (in Japanese). www.ntt-east.co.jp. Archived from the original on March 5, 2006. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
External links
- Science Ninja Team Gatchaman at IMDb
- Kagaku Ninja-Tai Gatchaman (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia