Sholom Dovber Schneersohn
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Sholom Dovber Schneersohn | |
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Chabad Lubavitch |
Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (Hebrew: שלום דובער שניאורסאהן) was the fifth rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad-Lubavitch chasidic movement. He is known as "the Rebbe Rashab" (for Reb Sholom Ber). His teachings that encouraged outreach were further developed by later.[1]
Life
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Early life
Schneersohn was born in Lubavitch, on 20 Cheshvan 5621 (24 October, 1860), the second son of Shmuel Schneersohn, the fourth Chabad Rebbe.[2] In 1882, when his father died, he was not quite 22 years old, and his brother Reb Zalman Aharon was not much older. A period followed, during which both brothers fulfilled some of the tasks of a rebbe, but neither felt ready to take on the title and responsibilities. Over this period he gradually took on more responsibilities, particularly in dealing with the impact of the May Laws regarding the Jews, and on Rosh Hashanah 5643 (10 September 1892 OS) he accepted the leadership of the Lubavitch movement.[3]
Schneersohn married his cousin, Shterna Sara Schneersohn. She was the daughter of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn of Avorutch, a son of the
In Central Europe
In 1903, Schneersohn spent two months in Vienna, where he met Sigmund Freud for consultation.
Later life
In 1916, as the fighting in
During the construction of the "Rostov Palace of Sport" on top of the Old Jewish Cemetery in 1940, his remains were secretly moved by a religious group of Chassidim to a different burial site where they are located to this day in the "Rostov Jewish Cemetery." His grave is visited daily by followers of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement, who come from all over the world.[6]
Leadership
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Schneersohn established the first Chabad
He maintained a lengthy correspondence, not only with Chabad Chasidim in other countries, but also with non-Chabad chasidim and members of other groups who wrote to him for advice. He also met with other Jewish and Hasidic leaders, working with them on issues such as education, unity, policy, and strategy.[7] He was held in high esteem by the Chofetz Chaim, so much so that the Chofetz Chaim declared of him, "the words of the [Lubavitcher] Rebbe are holy, and anyone who argues [or] disagrees with him [should know that] it is as if he is disagreeing with Moses."[8]
Schneersohn promoted Jewish agricultural settlement, and the creation of employment for Jews, particularly those displaced by the May Laws.
He was a prominent opponent of
After the
His worries about the Mountain Jews led him to send a famous Mashpia, Rabbi Shmuel Levitin of Rakshik, to the Caucasus to set up institutions to bring them closer to Orthodox observance,[2] setting a precedent for his two successors, who conducted similar activities.
Distinguished disciples of Schneersohn include R.
Published works
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Schneersohn was a prolific writer on Chabad theology. Much of his work has been published in Hebrew, and some of it has been translated into English and is available online.[citation needed]
- Sefer HaMa'amarim - a 31-volume set of Chasidic discourses, according to the years set. The most important of these include two three-year-long cycle of discourses beginning "Yom Tov Shel Rosh Hashanah 5666" ("Samech-Vov") and "B'shaah Shehikdimu 5672 (Ayin-Beis)". They serve today as major in-depth encyclopedic introductory works into "oral" Chabad Chassidism (as opposed to the "written" one, i.e., Tanya) studied in Chabad yeshivas.
- Igros Kodesh - six volume set of letters
- Toras Sholom - compilation of public addresses
- Kuntres Uma'ayan - basic Chasidic text on self-transformation (as opposed to self-nullification as taught in Musarphilosophy) and battling evil desires in an intellectual, Kabbalah-based way
- Kuntres HaTefillah - explanation of Chabad Chasidic prayer
- Kuntres HoAvodah - even more in-depth analysis of Chabad Chasidic prayer
- Maamar Veyadaata - To know G-d, explanation of the unity of G-d with the created Universe and how to reach the understanding and appreciation of it
- Maamar Heichaltzu - On Ahavas Yisroel, mystical aspects, sources and reasons for a love to a fellow Jew (and explanation of how exactly the dictum of loving one's fellow as oneself is the basis of all the Torah, including seemingly not related areas of it)
- Kuntres Eitz HaChayim - The Tree of Life—essay on the importance of learning (how learning of Judaism can transform a Jew's life and personality and change his perception on his purpose in life), order of learning (for Chabad yeshivah students), and focus of Jewish learning.
- Chanoch Lana'ar - The Ethical Will
- "Hagaos" Scholarly glosses on Likkutei Torah
- Issa B'Midrash Tehillim - Bar Mitzvah Maamar—mystical aspects of the commandment of bar mitzvah
- Some of his published works in Hebrew
Publication gallery
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1906 collection of essays
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Publication of Rashab's Yeshiva (1909)
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Huh-Ukh, a newspaper by Rashab's yeshiva (1911)
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Women's Auxiliary Group led by wife of Rashab (1912)
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Letter from Rashab
Citations
- ^ The Messiah of Brooklyn: Understanding Lubavitch Hasidim Past and Present, M. Avrum Ehrlich, Chapter 7
- ^ ISBN 1-56821-123-6
- ^ Shneerson, M. M. (2003). Hayom Yom. Brooklyn NY: Kehot Publication Society. p. 16.
- ^ Shneerson, M. M. (1992). Toras Menachem Hisva'aduyos vol.1. Israel: Lahak Hanochos. p. 4.
החליט לנסוע לארץ ישראל
- ^ a b "הדף לא נמצא".
- ^ "Rostov Celebrates Schneersohn's Birthday". Archived from the original on 2013-12-03.
- ^ a b The Messiah of Brooklyn: Understanding Lubavitch Hasidim Past and Present, M. Avrum Ehrlich, Chapter 3
- ^ Shemu'os Vesippurim, Refoel Kahn, vol. 1, pp. 144-145
- ISBN 978-0-8078-3344-5. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
The most eminent Orthodox rabbis of the first decade of the twentieth century, among them the Lubavitcher rebbe Sholom Dov Ber Schneersohn, issued powerful condemnations of political Zionism. Schneersohn, in 1903, warned that the Zionists "have made nationalism a substitute for the Torah and the commandments… After this assumption is accepted, anyone who enters the movement regards himself as no longer obliged to keep the commandments of the Torah, nor is there any hope consequently that at some time or another he will return, because, according to his own reckoning, he is a proper Jew in that he is a loyal nationalist.
- ^ [1] Archived February 4, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 0-8266-0462-5
- ^ Yiras Hashem Otzaro, Yisroel Alfenbein, Israel, 2005, p. 95.
- ISBN 0-674-38115-7.
Such a man was Rabbi Chaim Avraham Dov Ber Levine HaCohen, a respected Lubavitcher rabbi and sage who was known as the Malach (Angel). In 1923 he had emigrated to the United States where he received the respect and honor accorded a distinguished Talmudic scholar. In Europe the Malach had been held in high esteem by Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (1860-1920)
- ^ printed in the back of "Kitzurim V'Haoros al HaTanya"
- ^ Printed in Siddur Torah Ohr and Siddur im Dach
External links
- An ongoing translation of Hemshech Samech Vav - one of the most foundational works of the "Schneersohn" Archived 2015-12-20 at the Wayback Machine
- Life timeline and published works
- A brief biography of Rabbi Sholom Dovber, the "Schneersohn"
- Schneersohn with Sigmund Freud
- The visual Culture of Chabad
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Notes:
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References:
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