Southeast San Diego
32°42′3″N 117°3′19″W / 32.70083°N 117.05528°W
Southeast San Diego | |
---|---|
Southeast San Diego | |
Nickname: "The Southeast" | |
Coordinates: 32°42′03″N 117°03′19″W / 32.700833°N 117.055278°W | |
Country | United States of America |
State | California |
County | San Diego |
City | San Diego |
Area | |
• Total | 55 km2 (21.2 sq mi) |
Population | |
• Total | 195,000 |
• Density | 3,585/km2 (9,285/sq mi) |
Southeast San Diego refers to the southeastern portion of the City of
Largely urbanized in the areas nearer Downtown San Diego to the west[5] and characteristically hilly, with lower-density residential and semi-rural neighborhoods toward the east, Southeast San Diego is economically and ethnically diverse.
In 1992, Councilman George Stevens campaigned against any official usage of the name "Southeast San Diego," since the designation had long been viewed as shorthand for the community as being crime-ridden and impoverished. His campaign was successful and all official use of "Southeast San Diego" has been discontinued by the city.[6] Many residents and locals however, still refer to the area as "Southeast."
Geography
Southeast San Diego has been defined as the portion of San Diego which lies south of State Route 94
Political boundaries
The areas southeast of downtown San Diego include portions of Council Districts 4, 8 and 9 (Encanto Neighborhoods, Skyline-Paradise Hills, and Southeastern respectively). A few neighborhoods in Central San Diego directly east of Downtown and south of the Martin Luther King Jr. Freeway have long been considered part of Southeast San Diego by locals, and are under the Southeastern Planning Area, including Sherman Heights, Logan Heights, Grant Hill, Memorial, and Stockton[7] Though Barrio Logan belongs to its own Community Planning Area, the neighborhood has historically been referred to officially as "Western Southeast San Diego" and is still widely considered as part of Southeast San Diego locally and politically.[8][9][10]
Neighborhoods
Skyline-Paradise Hills Planning Area[11]
Southeastern Planning Area[11]
Encanto Neighborhoods Planning Area[12]
- Oak Park
- Emerald Hills
- Chollas View
- Lincoln Park
- Alta Vista
- Valencia Park
- O'Farrell (formerly South Encanto)
- Encanto (formerly North Encanto)
- Broadway Heights
Barrio Logan Planning Area[13][14][10]
* denotes Southeastern neighborhoods located within the central area of San Diego
Transportation
Trains
Light rail
- San Diego Trolley: Blue Line
- Barrio Logan
- Harborside
- Pacific Fleet (NS San Diego at 32nd Street)
- San Diego Trolley: Orange Line
- Massachusetts Avenue (Lemon Grove)
- Encanto/62nd Street
- Euclid Avenue
- 47th Street
- 32nd & Commercial
- 25th & Commercial
Highways
- Interstate 5
- Interstate 15
- Interstate 805
- State Route 54
- State Route 94
Demographics
Southeast San Diego is widely viewed as one of the most diverse areas in the city, inhabited most visibly by
The area of Barrio Logan, for example, had been first settled by Mexicans arriving in the 1890s, followed soon after by refugees fleeing the violence of the Mexican Revolution and the poor Mexican economy between 1910 and 1920.[23] Barrio Logan is predominantly Latino and is home to Chicano Park. Though located near the City's Central core, it has long been considered part of Southeast San Diego, being directly Southeast of Downtown, and with previous historical records labeling it as part of "Western Southeast San Diego."[24]
Prior to "
With the great influx of Filipino immigrants joining the United States Navy,[25] especially from the Vietnam War era on to the 1990s, many Filipinos inhabited the Southeast San Diego neighborhoods of Alta Vista, Bay Terraces, Paradise Hills, Shelltown, Skyline Hills, and Valencia Park, both for the relatively affordable housing prices and its close proximity to Naval Base San Diego.[26] During the 1980s, in the interest of urban renewal, an unused tract of land (formerly a canyon) between the Skyline and Paradise Hills neighborhoods underwent development. This tract would eventually become Bay Terraces. The notion of a new subdivision built directly triangulated in what were already considered high-crime areas repelled the great majority of home-buyers. The homes were also priced out of the range of typical residents of the area and most went unsold or, in some cases, unbuilt. Federal subsidies and economic programs were then employed to assist in completing and populating the subdivision. As a result, military personnel, Filipino immigrants with military ties, and low-income families were able to secure loans to buy the new homes in the area. The federally funded recovery project was only marginally successful, however, as several large portions of the development stood partially constructed and abandoned for nearly twenty years, the most noticeable example at the intersection of Skyline Dr. and Woodman Ave.[27]
Additionally, enlisted military personnel (ranks E-1 to E-6) and their families occupy the Bayview Hills, a sprawling military housing complex operated by Lincoln Military Housing. This community of townhouse-style homes occupy a significant tract north of Paradise Hills adjacent to National City.[28]
Demographics from the remaining senior public high schools in the area,
Crime
Southeast San Diego had long struggled with an image problem plagued by street gangs, drug dealing, assaults, and homicide throughout its communities.[31] In 1992, Councilman George Stevens campaigned against any official designation of the area as "Southeast San Diego" since the name labeled the area in an entirely negative light.[6]
The San Diego Police Department's Southeastern Division includes some of the city's peak crime areas including the neighborhoods of Encanto, Paradise Hills, Lincoln Park, Chollas View, Skyline, Shelltown, and Southcrest.[31] Many of the inhabitants in these neighborhoods are working class or lower-income, and a typical sight that is evident throughout Southeast San Diego are homes outfitted with iron bars over the ground-floor windows and doors, and in many cases, cast-iron gates and chain-link fences guarding driveways, a reflection of the perceived need for security in these high-crime urban neighborhoods.[31]
Southeast San Diego is home to some of the deadliest zip codes in the
The intersection of Euclid Avenue and Imperial Avenue in
Sections of
According to a study by
In 2010, the Southeast San Diego neighborhoods of
The rash of violence in Southeast San Diego had been met with community outrage over the years and prompted a series of anti-violence marches and rallies. In 2005, as a response to the spike in violence in the area, hundreds of middle school students took part in an anti-violence rally from the Lincoln Park area to Gompers Park in Chollas View, echoing chants of "Peace in Southeast" as they marched.[49] More recent efforts in 2020 to revitalize the area through the arts brought artists and activists to the intersection of Euclid Ave and Imperial Ave in Lincoln Park, in an attempt to reclaim the deadly street intersection long considered as "The Four Corners of Death," to "The Four Corners of Life."[50]
Landmarks
There are various landmarks, historical places, and other noteworthy locations in Southeast San Diego. Murals and dedicated public art areas are spread out across the community, the most notable of which are Chicano Park, a nearly 8 acre park of murals under the Coronado Bridge in Barrio Logan, and Writerz Blok, the first legal graffiti art park in the nation with over 10,000 sq. ft. of paintable walls in its half acre site, in Chollas View.[51][52]
- Chicano Park (Barrio Logan)
- Coronado Bridge(Barrio Logan)
- Elementary Institute of Science (Emerald Hills)
- Malcolm X Library and Performing Arts Center (Valencia Park)
- Murals along Ocean View Blvd near Interstate 15 (Mountain View)
- Terra Nova Garden at Morse High School Archived June 27, 2020, at the Wayback Machine (Skyline Hills)
- Southeastern Live Well Center (currently the Tubman-Chavez Community Center) (Valencia Park)
- Walls of Excellence (Lincoln Park)
- Writerz Blok (Chollas View)
- Villa Montezuma (Sherman Heights)
Education
Southeast San Diego is served primarily by the
Based on surveys area principals conducted with parents, violence is a big part of the reason why 70 percent of southeastern San Diego families opt for charters or schools in other neighborhoods.[53]
Many students in Southeast San Diego have taken advantage of San Diego Unified School District's Voluntary Enrollment Exchange Program (VEEP), and have opted to be bused to high schools in San Diego's more affluent northern suburban neighborhoods,.
Elementary schools
- Audubon Elementary
- Balboa Elementary
- Baker Elementary
- Bethune Elementary
- Boone Elementary
- Burbank Elementary
- Cesar Chavez Elementary
- Chollas-Mead Elementary
- Daniel Boone Elementary
- Emerson/Bandini Elementary
- Encanto Elementary
- Freese Elementary
- Fulton Elementary
- Horton Elementary
- Johnson Elementary
- John F. Kennedy Elementary
- Logan Elementary
- Mt. Erie Christian Academy (Private)
- Nye Elementary
- Oliver Hazard Perry Elementary
- Pacific View Elementary
- Paradise Hills Elementary
- Penn Elementary
- Perkins Elementary
- Porter Elementary
- Rodriguez Elementary
- Valencia Park Elementary
- Webster Elementary
- Zamorano Elementary
Middle and junior high schools
- Bell Middle School
- Gompers Preparatory Academy (6-12)
- Keiller Leadership Academy (Middle School)
- KIPP Adelante Preparatory Academy (Middle School)
- Knox Middle School
- Millennial Tech Middle School
Senior high schools
The Southeast San Diego area is served primarily by three urban senior high schools.
- Abraham Lincoln High School
- Samuel F. B. Morse High School
- San Diego High School (in Downtown San Diego)
Atypical and other charter schools
- Gompers Preparatory Academy (grades 6-12)
- Holly Drive Leadership (grades K-8)
- King/Chavez Preparatory Academy
- Marcy School
- Memorial Preparatory for Scholars & Athletes[permanent dead link] (under construction) (grades K-12)
- Nubia Leadership Academy (closed in 2014)
- The O'Farrell Charter School (grades K-12)
- San Diego School of Creative and Performing Arts (grades 6-12)
- Twain High School (Morse Campus)
People from Southeast San Diego
Artists
- Yolanda M. Lopez, artist (Logan Heights, Lincoln High School)
- Salvador Torres, artist and muralist, Chicano Park (Barrio Logan)[56]
Athletes
- Eric Allen, football, (Southcrest, O'Farrell Junior High School)[57]
- Marcus Allen, football, 1981 Heisman Trophy winner (Lincoln High School)[58]
- Archie Amerson, football (Morse high school) CFL.
- Tommy Bennett, football (Morse High School)
- Quintin Berry, baseball (Morse High School)
- Marcus Brady, football (Morse High School)
- Reggie Bush, football, 2005 Heisman Trophy winner (Skyline Hills)[59]
- Rashard Cook, football (Morse High School)
- Terrell Davis, football (Morse and Lincoln High School)[60]
- Tony Drake, pro wrestling[61]
- David Dunn, football (Morse High School)
- Lonnie Ford, football (Morse High School)
- LaRoi Glover, football
- Dave Grayson, football (Lincoln High School)
- Wally Henry, football (Lincoln High School) NFL Pro Bowler Philadelphia Eagles
- Sam Horn, baseball (Morse High School)[64][65][66]
- Adam Jones, baseball (Morse High School)[67]
- Jacque Jones, baseball (San Diego High School)
- Lincoln Kennedy, football (Skyline Hills, Morse High School)
- Cliff Levingston, basketball (Morse High School)[68]
- Dominic McGuire, basketball (Lincoln High School)
- Mark McLemore, baseball (Morse High School)[64][65]
- Keith Mitchell, baseball (Lincoln High School) Seattle Mariners, cousin of Kevin Mitchell
- Kevin Mitchell, baseball (Mountain View), cousin of Keith Mitchell
- Archie Moore, boxing (Stockton)
- Norman Powell, high school basketball (Lincoln High School), college basketball (UCLA 2011-2015), professional basketball (2015–Present)[69]
- Arnie Robinson, track and field, 1972 Olympic Bronze Medalist and 1976 Olympic Gold Medalist, long jump (Paradise Hills, Morse High School)[70]
- Rashaan Salaam, football, 1994 Heisman Trophy winner[71]
- Akili Smith, football (Lincoln High School)
- Marcus Smith, football (Morse High School)
Other
- David Barron, Mexican Mafia figure and enforcer for the Tijuana Cartel(Logan Heights)
- Sagon Penn, Acquitted for the 1985 shooting death of a San Diego Police Officer.
Musical and performance artists
- B.Slade (formerly known as Tonèx), rapper, singer, and songwriter (Oak Park)
- Nick Cannon, rapper, actor, comedian (Grant Hill and Lincoln Park)[72][73]
- Andra Day, singer (Valencia Park and San Diego School of Creative and Performing Arts)[74]
- Jayo Felony, rapper (Chollas View, Gompers Secondary High School)
- Rosie Hamlin, singer and songwriter (O'Farrell Community School)
- Lecrae, rapper (Skyline Hills)[75]
- Ananda Lewis, model, television personality (San Diego School of Creative and Performing Arts)
- Faizon Love, actor (Emerald Hills, Morse High School)[76]
- Mitchy Slick, rapper (Lincoln Park, Lincoln High School)
- Members of the rock band My American Heart (Morse High School)
- Rafael Reyes, creator of the Cholo Goth genre and member of Prayers (Sherman Heights, Grant Hill)
- Tiny Doo, rapper (Lincoln Park)
- Tom Waits, singer and songwriter (O'Farrell Community School)
Political figures
- Myrtle Cole, former San Diego City Councilmember (4th District), former President of the San Diego City Council
- Georgette Gómez, San Diego City Councilmember (9th District), President of the San Diego City Council (Barrio Logan)
- Chula Vista (Paradise Hills, O'Farrell Junior High School)[77]
- 40th Senate District(Logan Heights)
- Charles L. Lewis, former San Diego City Councilmember (4th District) (Morse High School)
- Fabian Núñez, former Speaker of the California State Assembly (Logan Heights, San Diego High School)[78]
- Monica Montgomery Steppe, San Diego City Councilmember (4th District)
- George L. Stevens, former San Diego City Councilmember (4th District), and former Deputy Mayor of the City of San Diego (Skyline Hills)
- Tony Young, former San Diego City Councilmember (4th District) (Morse High School)
Distinguished military veterans
- Marine Sergeant Rafael Peralta, USMC, casualty Iraq War (Morse High School)[79]
In popular culture
Southeast San Diego has appeared in various media and has been referenced in many songs.
Chollas View/Mt. Hope
- Rollin' Forties Neighborhood Crips claim this area.[citation needed]
Barrio Logan
- Chicano Park was subject to a 1988 documentary, produced by Redbird Films[80]
- The 2012
- Scenes from the film South of 8 (2016) were shot in Chicano Park[83]
- Chicano Park is featured prominently in the 2016 music video, "Mexica," by Prayers[84]
Grant Hill
- In 2007, actor and rapper Nick Cannon was featured in the VH1 show Rags to Riches. In it, he showcases his upbringing in Southeast San Diego, including the first apartments he grew up in with his mother, the Grant Heights Park Apartments, in Grant Hill.[85][86]
- Grant Hill and Sherman Heights are mentioned repeatedly in the 2017 song, "Death is in Bloom," by Prayers ("Southeast SD, Sherman, GHP")[87]
Lincoln Park
- In 2010, The History Channel's Gangland television series.[45][46] the Lincoln Park Bloods were featured on the Season 7 episode titled, "Vendetta of Blood" which first aired on May 14, 2010.[48] Lincoln Park native and rapper, Mitchy Slick, appears extensively in the broadcast.
Logan Heights
- In 2010, The History Channel's Gangland television series.[45][46] The show documented the Logan Heights Gang in the Season 6 episode titled "The Assassins," which first aired on February 19, 2010.[47]
- The Logan Heights Gang and its ties to the Tijuana Cartel, are depicted in the 2017 Netflix and Univision series, El Chapo.
Paradise Hills
- Scenes from the film, South of 8 (2016) were shot in Paradise Hills[83]
Sherman Heights
- Sherman Heights and Grant Hill are mentioned repeatedly in the 2017 song, "Death is in Bloom," by Prayers ("Southeast SD, Sherman, GHP")[87]
Skyline
- The East Side Pirus are referenced along other Piru affiliated groups as "the Skylines" in the 1993 single, "Piru Love" by Los Angeles-based rap group, Bloods & Crips.[88]
- Hip Hop artist, Lecrae, mentions Skyline in his music, most notably on his 2013 single, "I'm Turnt," ("It's Southeast Daygo in the building, shout out to Peter Pan, Skyline, Imperial"),[89] and the 2019 single, "California Dreamin'" with 116, ("I'm rollin' down Imperial, old school in my stereo, from Skyline, you don't hear me, though (Skyline))."[90] The music video for the latter was filmed entirely in the Skyline neighborhood that he grew up in.[91]
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Further reading
- Dyett & Bhatia; Page & Turnbull; Ruth Todd; Rebecca Fogel; Chistina Dikas (August 8, 2014). Southern San Diego Historic Context Statement (PDF) (Report). City of San Diego.