Southern Black Forest Nature Park
Southern Black Forest Nature Park (Naturpark Südschwarzwald) | |
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Location | Baden-Württemberg (Germany) |
Established | 1999 |
The Southern Black Forest Nature Park (German: Naturpark Südschwarzwald) is located in Baden-Württemberg in Germany and covers an area of 394,000 hectares.[1] As of 2018, it is Germany's largest nature park.[2]
History
The Southern Black Forest Nature Park was established on February 1, 1999. The original area of 333,000 hectares was expanded to 370,000 hectares in 2005, and finally to its present size of 394,000 hectares in 2014. It is one of seven nature parks in Baden-Württemberg.[3]
Location
It is located in the
Mountains
Three of the highest mountains of the Black Forest are located within the Southern Black Forest Nature Park:[4]
- Feldberg (1493 m)
- Herzogenhorn (1415 fm)
- Belchen(1414 m)
Other mountains within the park are, e.g.:
- Schauinsland (1248 m)
- Kandel (1241 m)
Valleys and ravines
Whereas the valleys offer generally a warmer and more balanced climate than the surrounding mountains, it is cooler in the ravines. As a consequence thereof, in the valleys of the
Well-known valleys and ravines in the Southern Black Forest are, e.g.:
Landscape
Bodies of water
Right through the Southern Black Forest Nature Park runs the watershed between
.In the Southern Black Forest, there are many waterfalls of different sizes and heights. The
Lake Schluchsee is the largest lake in the Southern Black Forest Nature Park.[8] Other lakes are, e.g., Titisee, Windgfällweiher, Nonnenmattweiher, Schlüchtsee, Feldsee, and Albsee.[9]
Most clouds come from the west where they pass the broad lowlands of the Upper Rhine Plain and then have to rise when they reach the Black Forest mountains. Therefore, it rains frequently in the west and in the High Black Forest. Consequently, this is also the area where many bogs could be found in depressions. However, due to age-long drainage and peat extraction, their number has been reduced.[10]
Forests
There are no untouched virgin forests in the Black Forest. The largest contiguous areas of pristine forest were settled in the Middle Ages.[11]
Originally, the Black Forest was populated above all by
The wood of the trees is an important economic factor.
The forests are not only an important because of the renewable raw material wood, but constitute alson an important environmental compensation factor and have a high recreational value.[11]
Many species of mushrooms grow in the Southern Black Forest, among them edible species such as agaricus, boletus edulis, chanterelle, or truffle. Several species of mushrooms form mycorrhizal associations with trees and bushes.[13]
Fields and meadows
The Southern Black Forest is a rural area where the countryside has been shaped by agriculture and animal husbandry.[14] Pasture beeches, a particular form of the copper beech tree, can still be found on the old pastures of the Southern Black Forest.[15]
Architecture
The Black Forest house is typical for the farms in the rural areas. It is adapted to the peculiarities of the Southern Black Forest: built on a slope, isolated location, large amounts of snow and strong winds.[16]
See also
References
- ^ "Naturpark Südschwarzwald". www.schwarzwald-tourismus.info (in German). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
- ^ "Naturparks in Deutschland nach Größe". Statista (in German). Retrieved 2020-09-01.
- ^ a b "Naturpark Südschwarzwald - Allgemeines". www.naturpark-suedschwarzwald.de. Retrieved 2020-09-01.
- ^ Schwarzwald-Tourismus: Naturpark Südschwarzwald
- ^ a b Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Täler und Schluchten
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Gewässer
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Wasserfälle
- ^ Hochschwarzwald: Schluchsee - der größte See im Schwarzwald
- ^ Schwarzwald-Tourismus: Albsee
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Moore
- ^ a b c d Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Waldnutzung
- ^ Forst BW: Schwarzwald
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Pilze
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Landwirtschaft
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Weidbuchen
- ^ Naturpark Südschwarzwald: Architektur