Soviet destroyer Surovy (1940)
 An unidentified Storozhevoy-class destroyer in the Black Sea
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Soviet Union | |
| Name | Surovy (Суровый (Severe)) |
| Ordered | 2nd Five-Year Plan |
| Builder | Leningrad |
| Yard number | 297 |
| Laid down | 1 February 1939 |
| Launched | 5 August 1939 |
| Commissioned | 31 May 1941 |
| Fate | Scuttled , 13 November 1941 |
| General characteristics (Storozhevoy, 1941) | |
| Class and type | Storozhevoy-class destroyer |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 112.5 m (369 ft 1 in) ( o/a ) |
| Beam | 10.2 m (33 ft 6 in) |
| Draft | 3.98 m (13 ft 1 in) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion | 2 shafts, 2 steam turbine sets |
| Speed | 40.3 knots (74.6 km/h; 46.4 mph) (trials) |
| Endurance | 2,700 nmi (5,000 km; 3,100 mi) at 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph) |
| Complement | 207 (271 wartime) |
| Sensors and processing systems | Mars hydrophones |
| Armament |
|
Surovy (Russian: Суровый, lit. 'Severe') was one of 18 Storozhevoy-class destroyers (officially known as Project 7U) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Although she began construction as a Project 7 Gnevny-class destroyer, Surovy was completed in 1941 to the modified Project 7U design.
Entering service just before the beginning of
scuttled
after being crippled by a mine during the latter on 13 November.
Design and description
Originally built as a Gnevny-class ship, Surovy and her
en echelon, instead of linked as in the Gnevnys, so that a ship could still move with one or two boilers disabled.[1]
Like the Gnevnys, the Project 7U destroyers had an
kW) using steam from four water-tube boilers, which the designers expected would exceed the 37-knot (69 km/h; 43 mph) speed of the Project 7s because there was additional steam available. Some fell short of it, although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived. Variations in fuel oil capacity meant that the range of the Project 7Us varied from 1,380 to 2,700 nautical miles (2,560 to 5,000 km; 1,590 to 3,110 mi) at 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph), that upper figure demonstrated by Storozhevoy.[3]
The Project 7U-class ships mounted four
amidships. The ships could also carry a maximum of 58 to 96 mines and 30 depth charges. They were fitted with a set of Mars hydrophones for anti-submarine work, although these were useless at speeds over 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph).[5]
Construction and career
Surovy was
naval jack was raised aboard her.[7] When Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, began four days later, Surovy was still based at Kronstadt, quickly relocating to Tallinn. She participated in minelaying operations in the Gulf of Finland on 29 June, and bombarded German positions in support of the 8th Army on the coast of Narva Bay on 23 July. In the latter, the 186 main-gun rounds that the ship fired were credited with destroying five mortars and various structures.[8]
During August, Surovy and her
The destroyer, her sister
Navy List on 19 November.[8]
Citations
Sources
- Balakin, Sergey (2007). Легендарные "семёрки" Эсминцы "сталинской" серии [Legendary Sevens: Stalin's Destroyer Series] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza/Eksmo. ISBN 978-5-699-23784-5.
- Berezhnoy, Sergey (2002). Крейсера и миноносцы. Справочник [Guide to Cruisers and Destroyers] (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat. ISBN 5-203-01780-8.
- Hill, Alexander (2018). Soviet Destroyers of World War II. New Vanguard. Vol. 256. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-2256-7.
- Platonov, Andrey V. (2002). Энциклопедия советских надводных кораблей 1941–1945 [Encyclopedia of Soviet Surface Ships 1941–1945] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Poligon. ISBN 5-89173-178-9.
- ISBN 0-7146-4895-7.
- Yakubov, Vladimir & Worth, Richard (2008). "The Soviet Project 7/7U Destroyers". In Jordan, John & Dent, Stephen (eds.). Warship 2008. London: Conway. pp. 99–114. ISBN 978-1-84486-062-3.
Further reading
- Budzbon, Przemysaw (1980). "Soviet Union". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 318–346. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.